Ciladda kansarka naasaha waa dhibaato. Laakiin maanta, marka la barbardhigo heerka noolaanshaha oo ka sarreeya 98%, waxaa jira sababo badan oo aan ku rajo lahayn. Hal mar, kansarka naasaha waxaa la ogaan karaa oo kaliya marka buro uu ku filan yahay inuu arko ama dareemo. Hadda waxaa la aqoonsan karaa - oo la daaweyn karaa - goor hore, inta badan ka hor intaan wax calaamado ah xitaa muuqan.
Horumar muhiim ah ee kansarka naasaha, ogaanshaha iyo daaweynta waxaa ka mid ah:
- Mammografi
- Hagaajinta Qalliinka
- Shucaac
- Chemotherapy
- Daroogooyinka xaddidaya estrogen
- Imtixaanka hidda-socodka
- Daaweynta molecular Targeted
In ka badan labaatankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, horumarinta caafimaad ayaa ka caawiyay in ay isbeddelaan fahamkayaga kansarka.
Horumarinta Cudurka Kansarka Naasaha
Laga soo bilaabo 1950kii, horumarka mammography waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa kor u qaadista heerka 5-sano ee badbaadada kansarka naasaha ee degaanka (oo aan ka faafin meeshii uu asal ahaan ka yimid) laga bilaabo 80% ilaa 98%. Mammografi ayaa hadda ah habka tirada halista ee ogaanshaha kansarka naasaha. Qaababahan soo socda ayaa loo isticmaalay sanadihii la soo dhaafay:
- Mammografi caadiga ah - Ka dib 1967, mammografi-baaris lagu ogaanayay ayaa caan ku ahaa iyada oo la soo bandhigayo qalab gaar ah oo loogu talagalay raajada naasaha. Waqtigaas, ujeedada mammography - sida tan oo ah MRI maanta - waxay ahayd falanqayn dheeraad ah oo la xidhiidha anomalies oo hore loo aqoonsaday. Raajooyinka Mammografi-baarista - ayaa hadda lagula taliyay dhamaan dumarka da'doodu tahay 40 iyo ka weyn - waxay bilaabantay 1980madii.
- Mammography Digital - Mammography digital ayaa la soo saaray horraantii 1990-yadii waxaana ay bixisaa sawirro faahfaahsan oo dheeraad ah iyo kaydinta fudud ee is barbardhigga mustaqbalka, laakiin weli ma jirto meelo badan, gaar ahaan dibedda magaalooyinka iyo isbitaallada waaweyn. Cilmi baaris ayaa soo jeedinaysa in mammogaraafka digital-ka ah uu inta badan ka faa'ideysto haweenka da'doodu ka yar tahay 50 sano kuwaas oo wali ku jira muddooyin, iyo sidoo kale kuwa leh cadka naasaha. Cadka oo dufanku yar yahay ayaa cadeeyn kara anomalies ee raajooyinka caadiga ah. Dumarka intooda badan, dijitaalka ma aha kuwo sax ah oo ka badan mammography caadiga ah, laakiin waa qiyaastii afar jeer oo qaali ah oo aan u badnayn inay caymis ku jiraan.
- Mammografi Saddex-Meelo - Tiknoolajiyad cusub oo ay ansixisay FDA 2011, mammography saddexda-cabbir ayaa laga yaabaa inay soo saarto sawirro cad oo rajo leh oo lagu ogaanayo kansarro badan iyo in la yareeyo tirada raajada naasaha ee nuska ah.
- Ultrasound - Dabayaaqadii 1970-yadii, dhakhaatiirta ayaa bilaabay isticmaalka ultrasound si loo go'aamiyo in cyst horey loo ogaaday in uu ahaa mid adag ama dareeraha, kaas oo caawiyay baadhitaan.
- MRI - Sanadkii 2007, Ururka Mareykanka ee Cancer Society (ACS) ayaa kugula taliyay sanad walba MRIs ee haweenka khatarta ugu jirta kansarka naasaha, laakiin habka qaali waa qaali oo kaliya laga helaa magaalooyinka waaweyn. Ultrasound ama MRI ma ogaan karaan microcalcifications , taas oo mararka qaarkood calaamad keliya oo ah kansarka hore. Kala-duwanaansho kale ayaa ah in MRI aysan markasta kala duwanaan karin kansarka laga yaabo inay ka soo baxdo xasaasiyadda (noncancerous) anomalies, taasoo keeneysa dheecaan dheeraad ah - habka loo isticmaalo in laga saaro saamiga unugyada laga soo qaado burka laga shakiyo.
- Baaritaanada naasaha iyo Is-imtixaanada - ACS waxay hore ugu dhiirigelisay imtixaannada sanadlaha ah ee baaritaanka naasaha ee dhakhtarka ayadoo la socota baaritaanada naasaha (BSEs), Sannadka 2015, waxay cusbooneysiiyeen tilmaamaha si ay ugu sheegaan inaanay kugula talineynin baaritaanka kansarka naasaha ee baaritaanka kansarka naasku dhexdooda dumarka halista ah ee da 'kasta.
Qalliin, Shucaac, iyo Chemotherapy
Daawooyinka kala duwan ee soo socda ayaa loo isticmaalay sanooyin:
- Hawlgallada Qalliinka - Mastectomies Radical - ka saarida naasaha, muruqyada laabta iyo qanjidhada hoostiisa ee hooseeya - waxaa marmar la sameeyaa horraantii qarnigii 19aad. Dabayaaqadii 1940-kii waxay keeneen mastektomi xakameyn xagjir ah , taas oo ka dhigaysa muruqyada. Sanadkii 1970-yadii, fursado badan oo qaliinka ah ayaa loo adeegsaday, diiradda saaridda burooyinka iyo qadar yar oo ah unugyo ku xeeran - oo badanaa loo yaqaan " lumpectomy ." Sanadkii 1985, lumpektomi oo lagu daray daaweynta shucaaca ayaa lagu ogaadey inuu yahay mid waxtarka leh mastektomi marka la eego heerarka badbaadada laakiin waxay keentay in heerarka soo noqnoqoshada maxalliga ah.
- Raadinta - Qiyaas ahaan qarnigii 20aad, ayaa dhakhaatiirtu markii hore isticmaaleen shucaac si ay u yareeyaan burooyinka kansarka.
- Chemotherapy - La soo bandhigo 1940-yadii, kiimiko-daweynta ayaa yarayn karta tirada bukaanka ka hor qaliinka, ka hortagga soo noqoshada kadibna daaweeyo kansarka ee la qiyaasey , taas oo ah, ka sii gudubta goobta ugu horraysa. Inkasta oo ay weli soo saarto saameyno kale, oo ay ku jiraan yaqyaqsi, daal iyo duufka lafaha lafaha, daweynta kemotherabi maanta aad ayay u yartahay sidii sanadihii hore.
Horumarinta Pharmaceuticals
Qaababka daawooyinka kala duwan ee soo socda ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalay:
- Xakamaynta Estrogen Isu-beddelayaasha (SERMs) - SERMs, sida Nolvadex (tamoxifen) , Kansarrada dagaallada u baahan in la koro estrogen si ay u koraan adoo xaddidaya awooda hormoonka si loo galo unugyada kansarka. Dumarka khatarta sare leh, tamoxifen waxaa la ogaaday in ay yareeyaan soo noqoshada iyo horumarinta kansarka naasaha ee ku dhaca 50% marka la qaato mudo 5 sano ah. Tamoxifen waxay halis u tahay kansarka ilmo-galeenka aan caadiga ahayn; khatarta, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa mid aad u yar. Evista (raloxifene) , oo la mid ah, daroogada caadiga ah ee waxtar leh, looma helin inay qabaan khatarta kansarka ee la xiriira. Looma tixgelineynin bedelka tamoxifen iyo kaliya loogu talagalay dadka qaba kansarka naasaha ee estrogen.
- Aromatase Inhibitors - Dumarka postpausal-ka, aromatase inhibitor ah - nooc daawo ah oo ay ka mid yihiin Arimidex (aastoskole) , Aromasin (Exemestane) iyo Femara (letrozole) - ku shaqeynta hoos u dhigista estrogen ee la heli karo unugyada kansarka oo lagu ogaaday marka loo eego tamoxifen ee haweenka ka dambeeya postmenopausal iyo kuwa qaba kansarka naasaha ee 'estrogen'.
- Qalabka Hormonal Therapies - Herceptin (trastuzumab) waa daaweyn la beegsan oo si gooni ah ugu xidhan qaab gaar ah ee kansarka naasaha oo leh wax ka badan borotiinka HER2 / neu. Waxay burburisaa unugyada kansarka, laakiin nudaha yar ee caafimaad qaba. Herceptin oo lagu xannibo daaweynta kiimikada oo dib u soo noqota kansarka naasaha HER2 / neu- positive 50%.
Ka Hortagga iyo Baarista Hiddaha
Maanta, waxaan ognahay in cunno caafimaad leh , jimicsi joogto ah , miisaanku hoos u dhigo iyo ka fogaanshaha aalkolada waxay dhammaantood ka caawinayaan haweenka inay yareeyaan khatarta kansarka naasaha.
Dumarka qaarkood, doorashooyinka qaab nololeedku kuma filna. Dhammaadkii 1990-yadii, sayniska ayaa xaqiijiyay in noocyada kala duwan ee isbeddellada (genes) ee BRCA1 iyo BRCA2 ay sabab u yihiin 80% kordhinta khatarta kansarka naasaha. Dumarka qaarkood oo ogaaday in ay khatar sare leeyihiin waxay qaadaan tallaabada adag ee qaadista naasahooda - iyo marmarka qaarkood ugxan-yari, sidoo kale - inay u socdaan si looga fogaado cudurka.
Khubarada ayaa isku raacay in genetics ay tahay xuddunta soo socota. Xeeladaha mustaqbalka waxaa laga yaabaa in ay ku lug yeeshaan baaritaanka hiddaha si shakhsiyan loogu daaweeyo daaweynta bukaanka iyo farsamooyinka xitaa farsamooyinka lagu dayactirayo ama lagu bedeli karo hiddo-xumo ka hor inta aan la gaarin kansarku. Si kastaba ha noqotee, si dhakhso ah u faafta aqoonta caafimaadka ayaa sidoo kale ka dhigi karta dumarka inay dareemaan cadaadis iyagoo raacaya go'aano daaweyneed oo dhab ah.
Waxaa muhiim ah in la xasuusto inaadan kali aheyn. Maanta, dadka ka badbaaday kansarka naasku waa awood xoogan oo ka dhex jirta bulshadeena, iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay tirada sii kordhaysa iyo aragtida muuqaalka sida dhacdooyinka sida Susan G. Komen's National (jimicsiga) ee tartanka daaweynta. Waxaa intaa dheer, kooxaha taageerada kansarka naasaha , bulshooyinka online-ka, iyo horumarinta kale waxay bixiyaan talaal haweenka laga helay cudurkaan.
Ilaha:
Shaqaalaha Bulshada ee Maraykanka. "Taariikhda Kansarka." Cancer.org. 25 Maarso 2002. Bulshada Kansarka Mareykanka. 22 Maajo 2008
Shaqaalaha Bulshada ee Maraykanka. "Mammograms iyo Hababka kale ee Naas-nuujinta." Cancer.org. 29 Maarso 2007. Bulshada Kansarka Mareykanka. 28 Maajo 2008
Shaqaalaha Bulshada ee Maraykanka. "Guudmarka Kansarka Naasaha: Sidee Kansarka Naasaha loo Isticmaala?" Cancer.org. 26 Sebtembar 2007. Bulshada Kansarka Mareykanka. 28 Maajo 2008
Bhatty, I, et al. "Dhibaatooyinka ka dib markii la beddelay Mastectomy Radical Mastectomy Ka dib Kaansarka hore ee Kaansarka." Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences . 20 (2). Abriil-Juun 2004. 125-130 .. 29 May 2008
Cotlar, Alvin. "History of Qalitaanka Naas-nuujinta Naas-nuujinta: Caqli-gal ah Sare-weyne." Qaliinka hadda jira 60: 3 (2003): 329-337.
Cox, Charles. "Noocyada Cusub ee Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Localization of Neef Naafada Neefta: Khibradda Moffitt." Annals of Oncology Cudurka . 10.1245 / ASO.2004.12.9132004. 222-226.
Dershaw, D .. "Film ama Raajo sawir gacmeedka nmc?" Somali Journal of Medicine. 353: 17 (2005): 1846-1847. (liiska)
"Cudurka Ostrogen iyo Khatarta Kansarka: Xiriirka." Barnaamijka Kansarka Naasaha iyo Waxyaabaha Khatarta Khatarta ah . Maarso 1998. Isuduwaha Machadka Kansarka Cudurka Kansarka ee Kombiyuutarka-Cornell University. 29 Maajo 2008.
Gauthier-Villars, Marion. "Baaritaanka Hiddaha ee Kansarka Naasaha Predisposition." Rugaha Qalliinka ee North America 79: 5 (1999): 1171-1187. (liiska)
Gold, Richard. "Shaxda taariikhda shucaaca ee taariikhda shucuurta taariikhda raajada." Radiographics. 10: 6 (1990) 1111-1131. 2 Jun 2008.
Kriege, Mieke. "Waxtarka MRI iyo Mammography ee Baaritaanka Kansarka Naasaha ee Haweenka leh Qoyska ama Baadhitaanka Guud." Somali Journal of Medicine Newton Volume 351: 529. (2004). 427-437. 28 Maajo 2008 <>
Shaqaalaha Machadka Kansarka Qaranka. "Baaritaanka Hiddaha ee Khatarta Kansarka iyo Kansarka OVS: Waa Doorashadaada." Machadka Kansarka Qaranka . 20 Maarso 2006. Hay'adaha Qaranka ee Caafimaadka ee Maraykanka. 28 Maajo 2008
Osborne, C. Kent. "Tamoxifen ee Daaweynta Kansarka Naasaha." Somali Journal of Medicine . 339: 22 (1998). 1609-1618. 28 Maajo 2008
Poplack, S. "Daawada Naasnuujinta Dijital ah: Dhibaatada ugu horreysa ee 98 Haween leh Raajo Naaso oo aan caadi ahayn." Somali Journal of Roentgenology. 189: 3 (2007) 616-623. (liiska)