Aspirin, oo ah midka loo isticmaalo xanuunka caadiga ah iyo daawada anti-inflammatory, waxay noqon kartaa mid wax ku ool ah in la yareeyo khatarta ka imaan karta dhacdooyinka wadnaha, sida wadnaha weerarka wadnaha ( myocardial infarction ) iyo istaroog. Waa inaad tixgelisaa daaweynta kahortaga asbiriin - laakiin marka ay faa'iidooyinka u yaryihiin inay ka culus yihiin khatarta, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu ogolaanayaa inay tahay wax caqli-gal ah.
Wadno xanuunka iyo stroke inta badan waxay dhacaan marka xinjir dhiig oo si lama filaan ah u sameysto mid ka mid ah halbowlayaasha keena oksijiinka wadnaha ama maskaxda.
Xinjirta dhiigga ee aan caadi ahayn guud ahaan waxay dhacaan marka dillaacista lakabka ee derbiga ee halbowlaha. Xinjirku wuxuu hor istaagi karaa socodka dhiigga, kaas oo soo saara dhaawaca wadnaha (wadna xanuun) ama maskax (stroke).
Aspirin wuxuu xakameyn karaa sameynta xinjirta dhiiga khatarta ah isagoo faragelinaya ficilka dhiig- baxa dhiigga, sidaas darteedna wuxuu ka caawin karaa ka hortagga weerarada wadnaha iyo faaligga.
Intaa waxa dheer, sanadihii la soo dhaafay, caddaynta ayaa soo uruurisay soo jeedinta in daaweynta asbiriin-yar ee daawada asbiriin-yar ah ay yareyn karto halista dhimashada kansarka. Isugeynta hoos u dhigista khatarta wadnaha iyo yareynta khatarta kansarku waxay ka dhigtaa daawo yar oo asbirin ah oo ah daaweyn ka hortag ah oo soo jiidasho leh - haddii saameynaha laga hortagi karo.
Saameynnada Aspirin
Faa'iidooyinka ka iman kara asbiriin waa in mar walba la miisaamaa waxyeelada ka iman karta. Dhibaatooyinka ugu dambeeya ee Aspirin waa caloolxumo iyo dhiig-dillaac, dhiig-karka, dhiig-mareenka iyo dhiig-baxa maskaxda ( stroke hemorrhagic ) ayaa dhici karta.
In kastoo dhiig-baxa halis galiya uu yahay mid aan caadi ahayn, waxay dhacdaa. Sidaas darteed qof kasta oo leh khatar sare oo dhiig-baxa ah (sida taariikhda boogaha maqaarka ama kaadi-istaaga maskaxda) waa in uu isku dayaa in uu ka fogaado asbiriin.
Isticmaalka Guud ee Yaraynta Halista Wadnaha
1) Aspirin wuxuu noqon karaa nolol badbaadin dadka qaba calaamadaha cudurka korontada .
Qof kasta oo u maleeya inay qabaan wadna xanuunka waa inuu qaataa 162 ama 325mg oo asbiriin ah isla markiiba (oo ah nus dhan ama kiniin ahaan kiniin ahaan aspirin ah).
2) Aspirin waxaa si aad ah loogu talinayaa dadka ku dhacay weerarrada wadnaha ee hore, ay leeyihiin angina , waxay qaadeen angioplasty ama stent , ama cilad qalliin ku samaysay aroorka . Shakhsiyaadkaa, inta u dhaxaysa 75 ilaa 100 mg oo asbiriin ah maalintii ayaa kaa caawin kara kahortaga weerarka wadnaha.
3) Aspirin waxaa lagula talinayaa in badan (laakiin aaney dhammaaneyn) dadka dhawaan ku dhacay stroke-ka ama weerarka dhiigga kudhaca (TIA, ama "strokes"). Istaroogyada qaarkood ayaa ugu horreyntii sabab u ah dhiig-baxa maskaxda, halkii laga marin lahaa xinjir dhiig oo ku jira halbowlayaasha, iyo asbiriinka guud ahaan laguma talinayo nooca istaroogga. Haddii uu kugu dhacay istaroog ama TIA, waa inaad kala hadashaa dhakhtarkaaga haddii uu asal ahaan kaa caawin karo.
4) Aspirin maalin walba ah (75 - 100 mg) ayaa ka caawin kara ka hortagga weerarrada wadnaha ee dadka qaba halis dheeraad ah oo halis u ah cudurka halbowlaha wadnaha, laakiin aan waligood laheyn wadno xanuun ama angina. Dadkaas, Aspirin waa in si weyn loo tixgeliyaa haddii khatarta ah inay dhacdo xaalad qalafsan (halis 10 sano ah oo ugu yaraan ah 6 - 10%), iyo khatarta ah ee saamaynta daawada loo yareeyo Saameynta, hoos).
Khatarta sare ee halista cudurada wadnaha, waxay ka sii weynaan kartaa faa'idada asaasiga ah ee aspirin; Khatarta ka iman karta dhibaatooyinka dhiig-baxa, waxay hoos u dhigtaa faa'idada asaasiga ah ee aspirin.
Sidaa darteed, inta badan maamulka ayaa kugula talin kara, in dadka aan haysan cudur wadnaha wadnaha ah, go'aanka isticmaalka aspirin-ka ee loo yaqaan 'prophylactic aspirin' waa inay noqotaa shakhsi ahaan. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, haddii aadan haysan cudur wadnahaaga ah laakiin aad leedahay khatar sare, waa inaad kala hadashaa dhakhtarkaaga haddii daaweynta asbiriinka ah ay tahay fikrad wanaagsan.
U Isticmaal Dadka qaba Sonkorowga
Cudurka macaanka ee qabay cudurka wadnaha, angina ama madax-dhiigfuranka waa inuu qaataa asbirin sida kuwa aan sonkorowga ahayn kuwaas oo ku dhacay dhacdooyinka wadnaha.
Ilaa iyo dhowaan, Aspirin prophylactic maalin kasta ayaa sidoo kale si adag loogu taliyey in badanaa macaanka ka weyn da'da 40, xitaa haddii aysan lahayn taariikhda cudurada wadnaha. Laakiin taladan ayaa hadda isbeddelay.
Iyadoo ku saleysan xogta laga helay tijaabooyinka caafimaad ee dhowaan la sameeyey, Ururka Macaanka Maraykanka ee Mareykanka, Heart Association Association, iyo Isku-tagga Maraykanka ee Wadnaha (Cardiology), waxay kugula talinayaan daawada asaasiga ah ee loo yaqaan 'aspirin low-dose (75 - 162mg / maalin) oo kaliya ragga qaba sonkorowga da'doodu ka weyn tahay 50 jir, iyo sonkorowga haweenka da'doodu ka weyn tahay 60 jir, kuwaas oo qaba ugu yaraan hal khatar dheeraad ah oo loogu talagalay cudurada wadnaha (marka laga reebo sonkorowga), sida taariikhda qoysaska xooggan ee cudurada wadnaha, sigaarcabka, kor u kaca dhiigga, ama dhiig kar. Tani waxay ku talinaysaa in badan oo macquul ah oo loogu talagalay sonkorowga waxay la xiriirtaa caddayn cusub oo ah in dhiig-baxa guntanka leh ee aspirin ay ka badan tahay dadka sonkorta qaba marka loo eego kuwa aan sonkorowga ahayn.
Kaalinta Yareynta Khatarta Kansarka
Sannadihii ugu danbeeyay, dhowr daraasadood ayaa soo jeediyay in qaadashada daawada asaasiga ah ee maalinlaha ah (qiyaastii 5 sano) ay la xiriirto khatarta dhimista kansarka, gaar ahaan kansarka mindhicirka iyo lymphoma. Awoodda Aspirin si loo yareeyo khatarta kansarka waxay keenaysaa (mid kale) dib-u-qiimeyn ku saabsan talooyinka guud ee ku saabsan daaweynta aspirin daaweynta. Tusaale ahaan, badanaa waxaa sabab u ah daawooyinka wadnaha iyo wadnaha ee wadnaha ee loo yaqaan 'aspirin-ka', 2012-ka College College Chest Physicians (ACCP) ayaa ku taliyay in qof kasta oo da'diisu ka weyn tahay 50 jir inuu qaato daawo yar oo asbiriin ah - haddii aysan caadi ahayn khatarta sare ee dhiigbaxa.
Inkastoo jagada ACCP ay ku fiicnaan karto in ay qaadato kooxo khubaro kale ah, haddana ACCP ayaa ah hay'ad takhasus ah oo keli ah oo ku soo booday taladan. Ururada kale ee takhasuska leh iyo khabiiro khibrad leh (sida Ciidanka Hawlaha Ka Hortagga Mareykanka) ayaa wali ku boorinaya taxaddar (sababta oo ah khatarta dhiigbaxa), waxaana si xooggan ugu talinaynaa bukaanka iyo dhakhaatiirtooda in ay go'aan ka gaaraan haddii qofku uur-ku-daaweynta u yahay fikrad wanaagsan.
Khadadka hoose
Dadka ku habboon, aspirin waxay noqon kartaa caawimaad weyn oo looga hortago dhacdooyinka wadnaha ee wadnaha ah sida wadnaha iyo wadno xanuunka, wuxuuna yareyn karaa halista dhimashada noocyada kansarka qaarkood. Laakiin sababtoo ah saamaynta daawada aspirin, waa inaad qaadataa oo keliya haddii faa'iidooyinka suurtogalka ahi ka culus yahay halista iman karta. Tani weli waa arrin lagaa rabo inaad kala hadasho dhakhtarkaaga.
Ilaha:
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Vandvik PO, Lincoff AM, Gore JM, et al. Ka hortagga asaasiga ah iyo kan labaad ee cudurrada wadnaha: Daaweynta Antithrombotic iyo Ka Hortagga Trombos, 9th ed: Kuleejka American College of Chest Physicians Tilmaamaha Tababarka Dhaqanka ee Caddaynta. Nabadgelyada 2012; 141: e637S.