Noocyada Kansarka Sambabka ee aan Sigaar-cabista-Dadka Sigaar-cabaya
Waa maxay nooca kansarka sanbabadu ugu badan yahay kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin? Aan eegno jawaabta su'aashan, iyo sidoo kale sababta kansarka sanbabku uga duwanaan karaan dadka aan sigaar cabbin. Laakiin marka hore, haddii aad waydiiso su'aashaan, waxaa muhiim ah in laguu siiyo shanta-shan. Dad badan ayaan fahmin in kansarka sambabku uu dhici karo oo uu ku dhaco sigaarka hore oo aan sigaar cabbin, marnaba sigaar cabbin, iyo kuwa ogtahay, waxay ku jirtaa meel wanaagsan oo lagu aqoonsado calaamadaha kansarka sanbabada haddii ay dhacaan.
Kansarka Sambabka ee aan Sigaar-cabista lahayn
Kansarka sanbabadu maaha oo keliya dadka aan waligood sigaar cabbin, laakiin kansarka sambabada marnaba sigaar cabbin waa sababta lixaad ee ugu badan ee keenta dhimashada kansarka ee Maraykanka. Marka laga hadlayo jawaabta su'aasha ku saabsan noocyada kansarrada sambabada ee aan sigaar cabbin, waxa ay caawineysaa in ay kala saaraan "kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin" iyo "weligoodna sigaar cabbin" marka ay qiimeynayaan tirakoobyada. Noocyada aan sigaar cabbin waxaa ka mid ah marnaba sigaar cabbin iyo dadka sigaar cabba hal mar, laakiin hadda way iska joogsadeen (kuwii hore sigaar cabbay.) Ereyga marnaba sigaar cabbin micnaheedu wuxuu yahay dadka sigaar cabbay 100 sigaar ama ka yar inta ay noolyihiin.
Waqtigaan hadda, qiyaastii boqolkiiba 10 ilaa 15 dadka qaba kansarka sanbabada marnaba sigaar cabbin, iyo in ka badan 50 boqolkiiba ayaa sigaarka cabba hore. Kaliya 20 ilaa 40 boqolkiiba (ku xiran daraasadda iyo degaanka juqraafi) waa kuwa sigaar cabba firfircoon. Dheeraad ah, dadka intiisa badani waa kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin xilliga baarista kansarka sanbabada.
La qabsiiyay qaab kale, dadka sigaarka cabba firfircoon waqtiga baaritaanka kansarka sanbabada ayaa ku jira kuwa laga tirada badan yahay.
Si loo sharaxo noocyada kansarka sanbabada ee ku badan kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin, aynu eegno noocyada kala duwan ee kansarka sanbabada.
Kansarka Kansarka Unugyada yar-yar ee Kansarka sanbabada iyo Cudurka Kansarka Sambabka
Waxaa jira laba nooc oo waaweyn oo ah kansarka sanbabada: kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar iyo kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar.
Noocyadaas waxaa lagu magacaabaa sida muuqaalka muuqaalka unugyada kansarka ee ku jira mikroskoobka, oo leh kansarrada unugyada yaryar oo ka kooban yahiin, aan la yaabin, yaryar, unugyada aan caadi ahayn ee unugyada sambabada.
Cudurka sambabada unugyada yaryar ee unugyada yaryar waxaa ku jira 85 ilaa 90 boqolkiiba kansarka sanbabada iyo nooca ugu badan ee kansarka sanbabada ee laga helo kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin. Sidoo kale, sababtoo ah tirooyinka, nooca ugu badan ee kansarka sanbabada ee laga helo dadka sigaarka cabba. Kansarka qanjidhada unugyada yaryar ee sambabada ayaa ku jira 10 ilaa 15 boqolkiiba kansarka sanbabada, waana mid aad u badan oo la xidhiidha sigaarcabka. Waxaa la rumaysan yahay in kaliya boqolkiiba hal qof oo sameeya nooca kansarka sanbabada weligood sigaar cabbin.
Noocyada Cudurrada Unugyada aan-yar-yareyn ee Kansarka Sambabka iyo Sigaar-cabista
Kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar ee unugyada yaryar ayaa sii dillaacey saddex nooc oo kala duwan:
Cudurka adenocarcinoma ee sambabada ayaa ah nooca ugu caansan ee kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar iyo waa nooca ugu badan ee kansarka sanbabada ee laga helo guud ahaan labadaba aan sigaar cabbin iyo sigaar cabbin. Sidoo kale waa nooca ugu caansan ee kansarka sanbabada ee dumarka iyo dhalinyarada qaangaarka ah ee sanbabada .
Cudurka adenocarcinoma ee sambabada ayaa ah 30 boqolkiiba kansarka sanbabada sigaarka cabba, iyo 40 boqolkiiba haweenka sigaarka cabba. Taas bedelkeeda, nooca burcadka ayaa xisaabiyay 60 boqolkiiba kansarka sanbabada ragga aan sigaar-cabista lahayn iyo 80 boqolkiiba kansarka sanbabda ee dumarka aan sigaarka cabin.
Noocyada kale ee kansarka sambabada unugyada yaryar waxaa ka mid ah kansarka cadaadiska unugyada sanbabada oo ka dhigan 25 ilaa 30 boqolkiiba kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar iyo kansarka weyn ee unugyada sambabada kaas oo ku jira 10 ilaa 15 boqolkiiba unugyada unugyada yar-yar Kansarka. Kansarkaas ayaa labaduba aad ugu badan kuwa dadka sigaar cabba. Dhammaan kansarrada oo dhan waa kuwo si xad dhaaf ah ugu qeexan mid ka mid ah kuwan hoos ku qoran, waxaana suurtogal ah in buro sanbabadu ay qabaan gobollada sambabada adenokarcinoma iyo sidoo kale kiniinada unugyada ee "squamous cell cancer" (iyo "adenosquamous"), iyo waliba isku dhafka kale ee dabeecada cagaarka.
Waa maxay sababta Sigaar-cabbayaasha iyo Sigaar-cabayaasha aan u soo saarin noocyada kala duwan ee Kansarka Sambabka?
Kala duwanaanshaha suurtagalka ah ee noocyada kansarka sanbabada ee lagu arko sigaar cabbayaasha iyo kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin waxaa laga yaabaa inay la xiriiraan meelaha gaarka ah ee sambabada ugu badan ee ay saameeyeen kansarka sanbabada kansarka su'aasha ah, haddii uu yahay qiiqa tubaakada, gaaska radon , kiimikooyinka shaqooyinka , ama wax kale faafinta.
Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inay la xiriirto nooca waxyeellada (isbeddellada DNA) ee ay sababaan kansarka khaas ah. Waqtigan xaadirka ah weli badankood lama jawaabin.
Waxaa xiiso leh in la tilmaamo in la raaciyo fiilooyinka sigaarka, noocyada ugu badan iyo goobaha kansarka sanbabada ayaa isbedelay. Sanado kahor, kansarrada sida kansarka unugyada unugyada yaryar ee unugyada unugyada yaryar iyo kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar ee sambabada ayaa ahaa mid aad u badan. Kansarradaas ayaa u muuqda inay bilaabayaan marinnada hawada ee waaweyn ee galaya sanbabada (bronchi). Ka dib filimka la qaato, sambabada adenocarcinoma wuxuu noqday mid aad u badan. Kansarradaasi waxay u muuqdaan inay soo baxaan gudaha iyo meelaha u dhow hawo-mareenada yar yar ee ku yaala agagaarka sanbabada. Fikradda ayaa ah in dheellitirka sigaarka ee sigaarka uu sababay waxyaabo yaryar (kobcinjudaha) la nuugo kadibna lagu dhajiyo qulqulka hawo-mareenada, halka faytameyn la'aan, qaybo badan oo waaweyn ay ku xannibmi doonaan marinka hawada waaweyn.
Siyaabaha kale ee ku jira Kansarka Kansarka Sambabka ee Sigaar-cabayaasha
Kansarka sanbabada ee aan sigaarka cabbin waa cudur ka duwan siyaabo badan. Qaar ka mid ah kala duwanaantaan waxay la xiriiraan noocyada kala duwan ee kansarka sanbabada. Tusaale ahaan, kansarrada sambabada unugyada yaryar, nooc ka badan kuwa dadka sigaar cabba, ayaa loola dhaqmaa si ka duwan kuwa kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar. Hase yeeshee, xataa dadka qaba isla bukaansocodka, tusaale ahaan, sambabada adenocarcinoma, waxaa jira farqi udhaca habdhaqanka kansarka ee dadka sigaar cabba iyo kuwa aan sigaar cabbin.
Kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin waxay u badan tahay inay ku dhacaan isbeddellada hidda-wadaha, sida isbeddellada EGFR, dib-u-habaynta ALK, ama ROS1 dib-u-habayn. Taas bedelkeeda, dadka sigaar cabba ayaa si fiican uga jawaabi kara mukhaadaraadka difaaca jirka. Dawooyinka talaalka dawooyinka ee loo helo daaweynta kansarka sanbabadu waxay u muuqdaan inay ka shaqeynayaan marka ay jiraan isku-dhacyo badan oo ka yimaadda unugyada kansarka, iyo unugyada kansarka ee dadka sigaar cabba u muuqda inay leeyihiin isbeddello badan.
Khadadka hoose ee sigaarka cabida iyo nooca kansarka sanbabada
Kansarka sanbabadu way kala duwanaan kartaa iyadoo ku xiran tahay in qofku yahay sigaar cabo firfircoon, sigaar cabbin hore, ama marnaba sigaar cabbin, mid ka mid ah kala duwanaanshahan ayaa ku jira noocyada gaarka ah ee kansarka sanbabada kuwaas oo ah kuwa ugu badan. Cudurka adenocarcinoma ee sambabada, nooc ka mid ah kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar ayaa ka badan kuwa aan sigaar cabbin, halka dadka sigaar cabba ay u badan tahay inay ku dhacaan kansarka sambabada unugyada yar yar ama kansarka sanbabada sambabada, nooc kale oo ka mid ah kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar.
> Ilo:
> Alberg, A., Brock, M., iyo J. Ford. Epidemiology ee Kansarka Sambabka. Ciladeynta iyo Maareynta Kansarka Sambabka 3aad: Jaamacadda American College of Chest Tilmaamaha Tababarka Dhaqanka ee Cadaymiska. Laabta . 2013. 143 (5 Sahay): e1S-e29S.