Kansarka Sambabka ee aan Sigaar-cabista lahayn

by Lynne Eldridge, MD; Waxaa ku jawaabay Grant Hughes, MD

Kala duwanaanta Kansarka Sambalka inta u dhaxaysa Soogalootiga iyo Sigaar-cabayaasha

Kansarka sanbabada ee aan sigaarka cabbin ayaa ka badan inta dadku ogaadaan. Dhab ahaan, kansarka sambabada ee aan weligood sigaar cabbin waxaa hadda loo tixgeliyaa sababta lixaad ee ugu badan ee keenta dhimashada kansarka ee Mareykanka.

In kasta oo aan baqshiinno sigaarka iyo kuwa aan sigaarka cabin marka wadahadal la galo kansarka sanbabada, kansarka sanbabada ee aan sigaarka cabbin waa cudur ka duwan siyaabo badan. Maxay yihiin qaar ka mid ah khilaafyadan?

Tirakoob

Guud ahaan, 10 boqolkiiba ilaa 15 boqolkiiba kansarka sanbabadu waxay ku dhacaan dadka aan sigaarka cabbin. (50 boqolkiiba kale ayaa ku dhaca sigaarcabadii hore.)

Saddexdiiba saddex meelood oo aan sigaar cabbin ee qaada kansarka sanbabadu waa haween, 20 boqolkiiba kansarka sanbabada haweenka ayaa ku dhaca shakhsiyaadka aan weligood sigaar cabbin. Boqolkiiba tan ayaa si weyn uga sarreeya haweenka Asia.

Sababaha

Qaar ka mid ah sababaha keena tubaakada ee keena kansarka sanbabada waxaa ka mid ah:

Dab-Xoqidda - Giriigga gaaska radon ee guryahayagu waa sababta ugu badan ee keenta kansarka sanbabada ee aan sigaarka cabbin.
Qiiqa sigaarka cabba - Qiiqa sigaarka ah ayaa mas'uul ka ah qiyaastii 3,000 oo ah kansarka sanbabada oo sanad walba ku dhaca Maraykanka
Soo-saarka Asbestos - Ku-daadida asbestos-ka shaqada ayaa ah sabab muhiim ah ee mesothelioma , kansarka sambabada.
Saliidaha hawada laga dhaliyo ee ka yimaada cunto kariska - Dufanka ka yimaada cunto kariska waxaa loo tixgeliyaa sababaha ugu muhiimsan ee kansarka sanbabada dumarka ku nool wadamada Aasiya.
Waxyeelo kale oo bey'adeed

Soo bandhigida xirfadaha kale
Saameynta Genetic - Dadka qaba taariikhda qoyska ee kansarka sanbabada ayaa aad ugu dhow inay yeeshaan kansarka sanbabada.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) - HPV waxa laga helay unugyada kansarka sanbabada, laakiin haddii ay tani muujiso inay tahay sababta sababa kansarka sanbabada weli lama yaqaan.

Noocyada

Inkastoo badh ahaan kansarka sanbabada ee sigaar - cabayaasha lagu sifeeyo kalkaaliyeyaasha sambabka unugyada sambabada (nooc ka mid ah kansarka sambabada unugyada yaryar ), badi kansarka sanbabada ee aan sigaarka cabbin waa adenocarcinomas (nooc kale oo kansarka sanbabada unugyada yar-yar ah).

Kansarka sanbabada ee unugyada kansarku waxay u muuqdaan inay koraan agagaarka hawo-mareenada, waxayna keenaan astaamo hore, sida qufac ama dhiig qufac (hemoptysis).

Adenocarcinomas badanaa waxay ku koraan gobollada dibedda ee sanbabada waxayna joogi karaan waqti dheer inta aanay calaamaduhu dhacaan. Calaamadaha sida neefta oo gaaban, daal, amaba astaamo ay sabab u tahay faafidda kansarka ee gobollada kale ee jirka (sida lafaha xanuunka) ayaa noqon kara mid caadi ah.

Bronchoalveolar carcinoma (BAC) waa magaca hadda la bedelay waxaana loo arkaa inuu yahay koox hoosaad ah ee adenocarcinoma. Waa nooc kale oo kansarka sanbabka ah oo ka badan kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin, gaar ahaan dumarka dhalinyarada ah ee aan sigaarka cabbin. Sababaha aan la garanayn, dhacdooyinka BAC ayaa u muuqda inay sii kordheyso adduunka.

Wax badan oo ku saabsan calaamadaha kansarka sanbabada aan sigaar-cabin

Biology

Kansarka sanbabada ee aan sigaarka cabbin waxa ay ka duwan tahay kansarka sanbabada ee sigaar cabbayaasha ku jira heer hidde ah, unugyo, iyo jimicsi. Tani macnaheedu waa isbedelka unugyada kansarka sanbabada ee ka dhigaya unugyada kansarka sanbabadu way ka duwan yihiin heerarka kala duwan, laga bilaabo naqshadda hidaha ee sheegaayo unugyada marka la qeybinayo iyo korayo, si ay unugyada u shaqeeyaan oo ula xiriiraan unugyada kale. Waqtigaan, kansarka sanbabada sigaarka iyo kuwa aan sigaarka cabin ayaa la mid ah mid la mid ah. Markaan wax badan ka ogaanno farqiga u dhexeeya kansarka sigaarka iyo kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin, tani waxay bedeli kartaa.

Daraasadaha qaarkood waxay soo jeediyaan in shakhsiyaadka aan weligood sigaar cabbin ay uga jawaab celiyaan kemotherabi. Qaar ka mid ah isbeddellada hidde ee unugyada kansarka ayaa ka badan kuwa aan waligood sigaar cabbin , sidaas awgeed ayaa loogu talagalay in lagu daaweeyo isbeddelladani waxay ka shaqeyn karaan kuwa aan weligood sigaarka cabbin.

Qof kasta oo laga helo kansarka sambabada unugyada yaryar - iyo gaar ahaan dadka aan sigaarka cabbin - waa in lagu baaro hiddaha (sheyga molecular) ee lagu sameeyo burooyinkooda. Marka lagu daro unugyada tijaabada ah ee laga heley cad ka-qaadista unugyada sambabada, baaritaan cusub oo dhiig ah ( dheecaan dheecaan ah ) ayaa la ansixiyey bishii Juun ee sannadka 2016-ka si loo ogaado isbeddellada EGFR . Isbeddelladani waxay si gaar ah ugu badan yihiin dadka aan weligood sigaar cabbin.

Daweynta Cudurka Sambabka

Saadaasha

Kansarka sambabada ee aan sigaarka cabbin waxaa badanaa laga helaa marxaladda dambe, markii ugu horreysay ee loo yaqaan 'infektion' ama xitaa xasaasiyad. Weli, qaar (laakiin aaney dhammaantood) waxay soo jeedinayaan in badbaadada guud ay ka fiican tahay kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin. Farqiga Tani waxay u muuqataa kuwa ugu caansan kuwa lagu sheego marxaladda hore ee cudurka. Dumarka aan sigaarka cabbin waxay leeyihiin natiijo wanaagsan marka loo eego ragga aan sigaarka cabbin ee qaba kansarka sanbabada.

Ka hortagga

Hubinta gurigaaga radon-ka iyo ka fogaanshaha sigaarka caadiga ah waa waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee aad sameyn kartid si aad u yareyso halista kansarka sanbabada sida aan sigaar cabbin. Qaar ka mid ah ficilada cuntada , iyo sidoo kale qadar jimicsi dhexdhexaad ah, waxay u muuqdaan inay halis yar yihiin.

Kahortaga Kansarka Sambabka ee aan Sigaar-cabin

Tilmaamaha mustaqbalka ee cilmi baarista

Cilmi baaris ayaa hadda la socdaa si loo ogaado siyaabaha lagu ogaanayo kansarka sanbabada kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin marxaladda hore. Mustaqbalka, dhakhaatiirtu waxay awoodaan inay tijaabiyaan calaamadaha cadaymaha, walxaha ku jira dhiigga la xiriira kansarka, si loo helo kansarradaas kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin marxaladaha ugu mudan daaweynta.

Taageero

Sababtoo ah dhaleeceynta kansarka sanbabada, dadka aan sigaarka cabbin ee qaba kansarka sanbabadu waxay si joogta ah uga faalloodaan inay dareemayaan taageero ka yar kuwa qaba noocyo kale oo kansar ah. Faallooyin aan loo baahnayn, sida, "Anigu ma garanayn inaad tahay sigaar cabin," waxay noqon kartaa mid waxyeelo badan leh oo waxyeello leh marka ugu xun, marka shakhsiyaadka dareema inay ka xishoodaan inay la wadaagaan halgankooda kuwa kale sababtoo ah dhaleeceynta. Labada sigaar cabbin iyo kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin ee qaba kansarka sanbabadu waxay u baahan yihiin daryeelkayaga aan shuruud lahayn iyo taageerada.

_Ilaha:

_{Bryant, A. iyo R.} _{Farqiyada epidemiology, taariikhda, iyo noolaanshaha inta u dhexeysa sigaar cabista sigaarka iyo kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin ee sameeya kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar.} _{Laabta .} _{2007. 132 (1): 185-92.}

_{Couraud, S. et al.} _{Kansarka sanbabada marna sigaar cabbin - Dib u eegis.} _{Joornaalka Yurub ee Kansarka .} _{2012 Mar 28. (Epub ka hor daabac).}

_{Rudin, C. et al.} _{Kansarka sambabada marnaba sigaar cabbin: astaamaha molecular iyo saameynta daaweynta.} _{Cilmi baarista kansarka .} _{2009. 15 (18): 5646-61.}

_{Samet, J. et al.} _{Kansarka sambabada marna sigaar cabbin: cudurka epidemiyoolka iyo khataraha deegaanka.} _{Cilmi baarista kansarka .} _{2009. 15 (18): 5626-45,}

_{Scagliotti, G. et al.} _{Kansarka unugyada sambabada ee aan waligeed sigaarka cabbin.} _{Fikradaha Hadda ee Onkoloji .} _{2009. 21 (2): 99-104.}

_{Subramanian, J. iyo R. Govindan.} _{Jeermiska molecular ee kansarka sanbabada dadka aan waligood sigaar cabbin.} _{Lancet Oncology .} _{2008. 9 (7): 676-82.}

_{Subramanian, J. et al.} _{Soo bandhiga iyo natiijooyinka gaarka ah ee ka soo baxa dadka aan weligood sigaar cabbin qaba kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar (NSCLC).} _. _{Wargeyska Thoracic Oncology .} _{2007 (2): 827-30.}