Xitaa iyada oo aan lahayn faafa, hargabku waa cudur halis ah oo loogu talagalay dadka waaweyn iyo caruurta.
Xitaa sanadka aan faafin, dad badan ayaa u dhinta hargabka. Qaar badan ayaa u dhintaan dhibaatooyinka labaad, sida oof-wareenka ama dhibaatooyinka caafimaad ee joogtada ah, laakiin carruurta waxay sidoo kale u dhintaan hargabka sanad walba. Raadinta tirooyinka guud iyo gaar ahaan inta carruur ah ay u dhinta hargabku waxay noqon kartaa wicitaan ah sida ugu daran ee infalawansadu u socoto iyo baahida loo qabo in laga taxadaro qoyskaaga.
Khubaro badani waxay isticmaalaan qiyaasta 36,000 oo dhimasho sannadkii sanadkiiba, taas oo ah celceliska tirada dhimashada hargabka sannadkiiba 1990-kii. Qiyaasta isticmaasha wakhti intaa ka dheer, oo ay ku jiraan xilliyada dhawaanta hargabka, laga billaabo 1976 ilaa 2007, waxay heleen celcelis ahaan 23,607 dhimasho.
Waxaa jira waxyaabo badan oo isbeddel ah laga bilaabo sannad illaa iyo sannadka, iyada oo ay hoos udhacday 3,349 dhimasho xilliga hargabka 1986-87 ilaa 48614 ee 2003-04, taas oo loo tixgeliyey xilli hargab daran.
Dhimashada Fayraska Faafka
Inkasta oo dad badani ay u dhintaan xilliga caadiga ah ee hargabka , heerka dhimashada ee hargabku aad ayuu u kici karaa inta uu jiro faafka ifilada ama caalamka oo ka dillaacay ifilada.
Dhimashada sii kordheysa maahan sababtoo ah cadaadiska fayruuska hargabku wuu xoogan yahay, laakiin halkii dad badan oo badan ayaa ku xanuunsada muddada faafa, sida:
- 1889 Ruushka Faafa ee Faafa: Qiyaastii 1 milyan oo dhimasho oo hargab ah
- 1918 Cudurka Hargabka Isbaanishka ah : In ka badan 40 illaa 50 milyan oo dhimasho ah, oo ay ku jiraan 675,000 oo ku nool Maraykanka. Hargabku wuxuu ku dhacaa in ka badan kala badh dadka adduunka ah dhamaadka masiibada.
- 1957 Cudurka Hargabka Faafa ee Asiya: In ka badan 1 milyan oo dhimasho ah oo hargab ah, oo ay ku jiraan 69,800 oo Mareykanka ah
- 1968 Faafida Hargabka Faafa ee Hong Kong: Qiyaastii 1 illaa 3 malyan oo qof ayaa u dhintay
- 2009 H1N1 Hargabka Faafa: Intii u dhaxaysey 8,870 iyo 18,300 dhimashada Maraykanka iyo illaa 203,000 dhimasho dunida
Hargabka Hargabka 2009 H1N1 wuxuu ahaa faafka ugu horreeya ee loogu talagalay in la helo tallaal badan oo tallaalka hargabka ah, inkastoo ay soo gaartay kiisaska horeyba ugu sii fiday Mareykanka.
Tallaalka hargabka xaddidan ayaa sidoo kale la heli karaa intii lagu jiray 1968 faafa, laakiin wakhtigii la heli lahaa, kiisasku mar hore ayuu u sarreeyaa.
Dhimashada Wadnaha Caruurta
Inkastoo ay dadku jecel yihiin in uu hargabku yahay cudur khafiif ah, kama bixi kartid xaqiiqda ah in carruurta badani ay u dhintaan hargabka sanad walba.
Marka laga reebo dhimashada hargabka ee dadka qaangaarka ah, kuwaas oo kaliya qiyaasaya, dhab ahaantii waan ognahay tirada carruurta ay u dhinta hargabka sannad kasta sida ay ahayd xaalad ahaan qaran ahaan la ogaan karo tan iyo 2004:
- 2003-04 xilliga hargabka: 152 geerida cudurada carruurta
- Xilliga Hargabka 2004-05: 39 Dhimashada ifilada carruurta
- 2005-06 xilliga hargabka: 41 geerida cudurada carruurta
- Xilliga hargabka 2006-07: dhimashada ifilada cudurada carruurta
- 2007-08 xilliga ifilada: 88 dhimashada hargabka carruurta
- Xilliga hargabka 2008-09: 133 dhimashada ifilada carruurta
- 2009-10 xilliga hargabka: 282 dhimashada ifilada carruurta
(ifilada ifilada doofaarka) - Xilliga hargabka 2010-11: 123 geerida cudurada carruurta
- Xilliga hargabka ee 2011-12: 37 dhimashada hargabka carruurta
- Xilli-sannadeedka 2012-13: 171 geerida cudurada carruurta
- Xilliga hargabka 2013-14: 111 dhimashada ifilada carruurta
- Xilliga hargabka 2014-15: 148 dhimashada ifilada carruurta
- Xilliga Xilliga Jilaalka 2015-16: 85 dhimashada ifilada carruurta
- 2016-17 xilliga hargabka: 77 geeridii faafa ee carruurta ilaa Abriil 15.
Tani ma aha dhammaan carruurta oo leh xaalado halis ah, sida neefta , sonkorowga, ama xaalad caafimaad oo dabadheeraad ah.
Warbixinnadu waxay muujiyeen in qiyaastii kala bar carruurta ay u dhinta hargabku sanad walba aysan lahayn wax calaamado ah oo khatar ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatooyinka hargabka .
Sidee looga hortagaa geeri-foosha?
Dabcan, habka ugu wanaagsan ee looga hortago dhimashada hargabka waa inaadan iska ilaalin inaad hayso xanuunka marka hore. CDC waxay ku talineysaa seddexda tallaabo ee ay qaadaan si looga hortago hargabka iyo in la yareeyo khatarta ah dhibaatooyinka halista ah iyo faafinta hargabka haddii aad hesho.
- Soo qaado talaalka hargabka sannadlaha ah. Ilaalinta ugu fudud, ee ugu fiican ee laga qaado hargabka waa tallaalka sanbabada ee hargabka, taas oo u badan tahay sida ugu fiican ee looga hortagi karo dhimashada hargabka. Caadi ahaan, 80 ilaa 90 boqolkiiba carruurta u dhinta hargabka ayaan si buuxda loo tallaalin. Qof kasta 6 bilood iyo ka weyn waa inuu qaataa tallaalka hargabka dhamaadka bisha Oktoobar, haddii ay suurtogal tahay, sida ku cad CDC. Carruurta da'doodu ka yar tahay 6 bilood waa mid aad u yar oo la tallaala, laakiin khatar sare ayay u yihiin. Waxaa muhiim ah in qoysaskooda iyo daryeel-bixiyeyaashu ay qaataan tallaal, si aysan u qaadsiin ilmaha qaba hargabka.
- Caadooyinka caafimaadka wanaagsan ayaa sidoo kale kaa caawin kara joojinta faafidda jeermiska hargabka. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah ka fogaanshaha dadka jiran. Marka aad jiran tahay, guriga iska joog, sidaa daraadeed ma faafinayso jeermiska khatarta ah. Dabool afkaaga iyo sankaaga markaad qufacayso ama hindhisto. Dhaq gacmahaaga inta badan sida kaaga saari doona jeermiska. Iska ilaali taabashada indhahaaga, sankaaga, iyo afka. Nadiifi oo jeermi dusha meelaha ay dadku taabtaan. Ku ilaali caafimaadka guud ee habka wanaagsan adigoo cunaya cunno nafaqo leh, hagaagsan oo hagaagsan, hurdo kugu filan, iyo jir ahaanba firfircoon.
- Haddii aad qaadatid hargabka, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu kuu qori karaa daawooyinka fayraska, Kuwani waxay sameyn karaan xanuunka yar yar iyo maalmo yar. Tani waxay ka caawin kartaa ka hortagga dhibaatooyinka halista ah iyo dhimashada hargabka. Haddii adiga ama ilmahaagu leeyahay calaamadaha hargabka, u tag dhakhtarkaaga isla markiiba.
> Isha
> CDC. Qiyaasaha dhimashada la xiriirta Hargab xilliyeedka- Maraykanka, 1976--2007. MMWR. Agoosto 27, 2010/59 (33), 1057-1062.
> CDC wuxuu dhahaa "Qaado 3" Tallaabooyinka Looga Hortagayo Hargabka. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/preventing.htm.
> Taariikhda Faafa Faafa. Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Mareykanka & Adeegyada Dadweynaha. http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/about/pandemic/history.html.
> Influenza (Flu) Warbixinta Ilaalinta Toddobaadlaha ah. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/pastreports.htm.
> Simonsen, Lone. Saadaalinta Mortality Guud ee 2009 Hargabka Faafa ee laga soo qaaday mashruuca GLaMOR: Daraasad Tusaale ah. PLOS Medicine.Published: Nov 26, 2013.