Truvada waa hal-kiniin, daawo isku dhafan oo la isku daro oo ka kooban laba wakiilo antiretroviral, tenofovir iyo emtricitabine, oo labadaba lagu tilmaamayo nucleotide celinta transcriptase. Labada qaybood ee daroogada ayaa si madax-banaan u baara sida Viread (tenofovir) iyo Emtriva (emtricitabine, FTC).
Truvada waxaa ogolaaday Maamulka Cunnada iyo Dawooyinka ee Maraykanka (FDA) bishii Agoosto 2004 si loogu isticmaalo daaweynta HIV , gaar ahaan dadka waaweyn iyo carruurta da'doodu tahay 12 jir oo miisaankiisu yahay 77 rodol (35kg) ama ka badan.
Truvada ayaa markii dambe loo ogolaaday inay ansaxiso FDA bisha Luulyo 2012-ka si loogu isticmaalo ka hortagga HIV-ga ee dadka khatarta sare leh ee istiraatiijiga ah ee loo yaqaan ' Primer Pylmonysis' (PrEP) .
Dejinta
Kiniin isku-qaabaysan ayaa ka kooban 300mg tenofovir diisopropyl fumarate iyo 200mg emtricitabine. Kiniiniga buluugga ah, kumbuyuutarka waa mid la wada daboolay, hal dhinacna wuxuu ku jiraa lambarka "701" iyo kan kale oo leh magaca magaciisa "GILEAD."
Qiyaasta
- Bukaanka qaba HIV: hal kiniin maalinle ah, oo afka laga qaato ama aan lahayn cunto.
- Si aad u isticmaashid sida PrEP: hal kiniin maalinle ah, lagana qaato hadal ama cunto la'aan.
- Bukaannada qaba kalyaha (kelyaha): hal kiniin ayaa la qaadaa 48-kii saacadoodba haddii ciribtirka abuurka uu u dhaxeeyo 30-49mL / daqiiqo. Haddii ka hooseeya 30mL / daqiiqo ama haodiyakisis, ha isticmaalin .
Tilmaamaha
Bukaannada qaba HIV, Truvada waa in lagu qaadaa daaweyn isku dhafan oo lala yeesho wakiilada kale ee antiretroviral.
Marka loo isticmaalo sida PrEP, Truvada waxaa loola jeedaa iyada oo qayb ka ah istaraatiijiyada ka hortagga HIV-ga, oo ay ka mid yihiin galmada iyo hababka kale ee galmada.
Saameynada Caadiga ah
Waxyeellooyinka ugu badan ee la xiriira isticmaalka Truvada (oo ku dhaca 5% ama ka yar kiisaska) waxaa ka mid ah:
- Lalabbo
- Shuban
- Daal
- Sinusitis
- Madax xanuun
- Dawakhaad
- Murugo
- Finan
Khilaafaadka
Sida caadiga ah, daroogo kasta oo go'an oo la isku daro oo ay ku jiraan tenofovir, emtricitabine ama lamivudine (daroogada NRTI oo kale oo la mid ah emtricitabine) waa in aan la qaadin Truvada.
- Daawooyinka HIV-ga ee daawada loo isticmaalo daawada HIV-ga: Atripla (Tenofovir + emtricitabine + efavirenz), Combivir (Retrovir + lamivudine), Complera (Tenofovir + emtricitabine + rilpivirine), Emtriva (emtricitabine, FTC), Epivir (lamivudine, 3TC), Epzicom (abacavir + lamivudine) , Stribild (Tenofovir + emtricitabine + elvitegravir + cobicistat), Triumeq (abacavir + lamivudine + dolutegravir), Trizivir (Retrovir + abacavir + lamivudine), Viread (tenofovir)
- Dawada cagaarshowga B: Hepsera (adefovir)
Isdhexgalka
La tali dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad qaadato mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:
- Xinjirowga lidka ku ah: Lixiana (edoxaban), Pradaxa (dabigatran)
- Daaweynta kansarka sanbabada aan-yar-yareyn: Ofev / Vargatef (nintedanib)
Tixgelinta Daaweynta
Truvada waa in loo adeegsadaa daryeelka bukaanka qaba taariikhda kalyaha (kelyaha). Markasta waa in ay qiimeeyaan qiyaasta qashin-abuurka ka hor inta aan la bilaabin daaweynta. Bukaannada qaba halista xanuunka kalyaha, waxaa ka mid ah qiyaasta abuurista ee loo yaqaan 'creatinine clearance, serum fosfooraska, glucose kaadida iyo kaadida kaadida marka la ilaalinayo.
Daryeelka waa in la qaataa markii isku-qabashada Truvada la qaato daawada loo yaqaan 'AntiTetroviral drug drug' (didanosine). In kasta oo farsamooyinka isdhexgalka aan la aqoon, daraasaduhu waxay muujiyeen in wada-shaqeyntu ay kor u qaadi karto diirada xajmiga ee Videx iyo kordhinta suurtagalka dhacdooyinka tabarta (sida, pancreatic, neuropathy).
Waxaa lagu talinayaa in Sawx lagu yareeyo 250mg oo bukaanada miisaankoodu yahay 132 rodol (60kg) ama in ka badan.
Xogta bani-aadamka iyo xayawaanka la heli karo waxay soo jeedinaysaa in Truvada aysan kordhin khatarta cilladaha dhalashada inta lagu jiro uurka . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababtoo ah saameynta tobanofovir iyo emtricitabine ee ilmaha yar ayaa weli aan la ogeyn, hooyooyinka waxaa lagula talinayaa inayan naasnuujin haddii ay qaadato Truvada.
Ilaha:
Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka Maraykanka (FDA). "FDA waxay ogolaatay laba daroogo udub dhexaad ah oo loo isticmaalo daaweynta HIV-1." Silver Spring, Maryland; saxaafadeed ay soo saartey August 2, 2004.
FDA. "FDA waxay ansixisay daroogada kowaad si loo yareeyo khatarta HIV-ga." Silver Spring, Maryland; saxaafadeed ay soo saartay July 16, 2012.