Khayraadka Ka-joojinta ee Caymiska ilaa Medicaid
Sigaar cabidu waa arrin laga hortagi karo taasoo tirisa tirada ugu badan ee nolosha waayeelka ah ee dadka qaba HIV ee dunida horumartay. Xaqiiqdii, boqolkiiba 42 dadka qaba HIV maanta waxaa lagu sifeeyay sigaarka hadda jira, macno ahaan laba jeer celceliska qaranka.
Tirakoobyadani waxay muujinayaan baahida loo qabo waxqabadyo wax ku ool ah, oo dadka cusub ee laga helay HIV ay si firfircoon u baaraan isticmaalka tubaakada waxayna bixiyaan qalabka joojinta iyadoo lagu saleynayo baahida bulsheed, dhaqaale, iyo baahiyaha caafimaad ee bulshada HIV.
Isku-dhafidda Sigaar-joojinta ee Daryeelka HIV-ga
Tan iyo markii laga soo bilaabo 1980-yadii, cilmi-baaristu waxay muujisay saamaynta isku-xirnaanta la-talinta joojinta sigaarka ee daryeelka caafimaadka aasaasiga ah ee HIV . Nasiib daro, hirgelinta ayaa ka dambeysay, iyada oo ay ka yar tahay boqolkiiba 50 ka mid ah bixiyeyaasha xanaanada HIV oo bixiya bukaankooda sigaarcabista joojinta ama gudbinta, sida laga soo xigtay xogta Wasaarada Arimaha Dibedda ee Maraykanka.
Hase yeeshee, waxaa jiray dadaallo sanadihii ugu dambeeyay si loo hagaajiyo isdhexgalinta bixiyeyaasha, talooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee ay ka mid yihiin:
- Bixinta bukaanka macluumaadka khatarta HIV iyo sigaarcabka , oo ay ka mid yihiin cudurada wadnaha, kansarka sanbabada , iyo cudurrada joogtada ah ee loo yaqaan 'COPD'.
- Hirgelinta laba sigaar cabbista sigaarcabka oo isku dhafan oo lala socdo la-talin joogto ah iyo dabagal.
- U dirista bukaanka takhasusleeyda (sida bixiyeyaasha caafimaadka maskaxda, barnaamijyada xadgudubka mukhaadaraadka, shaqaalaha bulshada, kooxaha taageerada ), sida loo baahdo.
- Si waxtar leh dib-u-daaweynta sigaarka joojinta sigaarka kadib dib u soo noqoshada. Cilmi-baaristu waxay muujisay in sigaar-cabbayaashu ay isku dayi doonaan inay joojiyaan shan illaa todoba jeer, celcelis ahaan, ka hor intaan lagu guulaysan. Kormeer joogto ah iyo taageerid ayaa loo arkaa inay muhiim u yihiin aqoonsashada (iyo wax ka qabashada) sigaar cabista.
Dhanka kale, kooxo kale ayaa baaraya siyaabaha loo sii wanaajinayo qaabka isku dhafan.
Mid ka mid ah daraasaddan lagu sameeyay Jaamacadda Texas, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay muujiyeen in daweynta nikotiinka lagu beddesho (NRT), marka lala isticmaalo la-talin taleefan oo joogta ah, kor u qaadida heerka ka-reebista ee dadka HIV qaba boqolkiiba 400 oo ka baxsan hab dhaqameed, NRT.
Sigaarka Cabitaanka Sigaarka ee Sharciga Daryeelka La-Beddelo
Sida uu dhigayo Sharciga Daryeelka Lacagta La-Beddelayo (ACA) , caymiska gaarka ah ee la abuuray ka dib March 23, 2010 waa in lagu daraa adeegyo caafimaad oo lacag la'aan ah, oo ay ku jiraan baaritaanka tubaakada ee dadka waaweyn iyo waxqabadyada joojinta sigaarka ee dadka isticmaala tubaakada. Sidoo kale, ballaarinta macaashka Medicaid ayaa hadda waxay bixisaa daaweynta joojinta sigaarka ee dhammaan dadka waawayn (oo ay ka mid tahay faa'iidooyinka gobollada qaar ay ku kooban yihiin dumarka uurka leh).
Bixinta caymiska ay bixiso adeeg bixiyuhu waa sidan soo socota:
- Medicaid - Kordhinta sigaarka joojinta sigaarka ee dhammaan dadka waaweyn ee ku nool gobollada Mareykanka oo idil January 1, 2013. ACA waxay sii ballaarinaysaa xaq u yeelashada Medicaid dhamaan dadka qaangaarka ah ee hooseeya.
- Medicare - Nikotiin buufinta sanka, nicotine-ka neefsashada, bupropion iyo germenicline, iyo sidoo kale la-talin shakhsiyeed, laba isku day tijaabada ah sanadkiiba. Xiritaanka Medicare Qaybta D ee "Dufanka Dumarka" ayaa sidoo kale ka dhigaya daawooyin badan oo la awoodi karo kharashyada ka baxsan jeebka.
- Isbeddelka Caymiska Caafimaadka ee Gobolka - Wuxuu u baahan yahay dhammaan qorshayaasha lagu daboolayo Dheefaha Caafimaadka Aasaasiga ah, oo ay ku jiraan joojinta sigaarka (inkasta oo dheefaha ay ku kala duwan yihiin qorshaha iyo / ama bixiyaha).
- Caymiska Loo-Shaqeeyaha - Caymiska waxaa laga rabaa dhammaan adeegyada ka hortagga ee la siiyo "A" ama "B" rating by US Adeegga Ka Hortagga Adeegyada Ka-hortagga, oo ay ku jiraan joojinta sigaarka (inkasta oo macaashku kala duwan yahay qorshaha iyo / ama bixiyaha).
Si aad u ogaato wax badan oo ku saabsan xaq u lahaanshaha ama helitaanka daaweynta, la xiriir 1-800-QUIT-NOW (1-800-784-8669) si toos loogu xiro hotline shaqaale ee gobolkaaga. Machadka Kansarka Qaranka ayaa sidoo kale bixiya khadka tooska ah ee LiveHelp fariin (Ingiriis kaliya) laga bilaabo 8:00 subaxnimo illaa 8:00 galabnimo.
Ilaha:
Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada Maraykanka (CDC). "Sigaarka sigaar-cabista dadka waaweyn - Maraykanka, 2011." Xuruufta iyo Mortality Reporting Weekly (MMWR). Nofeembar 9, 2012; 61 (44): 889-994.
Mdodo, R .; Frazier, E .; Mattson, C .; et al. "Sigaarka sigaarka ee HIV + dadka qaangaarka ah ee daryeelka: Mashruuca Korjoogteynta Caafimaadka, US, 2009." Shirka 20aad ee Retroviruses iyo Infekshinka Fursadaha (CROI 2013). Atlanta, Georgia; Maarso 3-6, 2013: Abstract 775.
Hughes, J. "Daawooyinka cusub ee joojinta sigaarka." CA: Wargeyska Kansarka ee Xannaanada. May-June 2000; 50 (3): 143-145.
Vidrine, D .; Arduino, R .; Lazev, A .; et al. "Maxkamad la kala soocay ee taleefanka gacanta ee firfircoon ee loogu talagalay dadka sigaarka cabba ee la nool HIV / AIDS." AIDS. Janaayo 9, 2006; 20 (2): 253-260.
Ururka Sambabka Maraykanka. " Ka caawinta Sigaar-joojinta - Daaweynta Cudurka Tubaakada : Maxaa Lagu Daboolay?" Washington, DC; 2012.