Kiimikada Daaweynta Kaansarkaada ee Adiga ama Kalkaaliyehaaga oo Kale?
Dadka badankood waxay maqleen erayada, "kansarka" iyo "kemotherabi." Laakiin marka laga reebo xaqiiqda ah in kiimoteraabiga loo isticmaalo daweynta kansarka, dadka intooda badani ma yaqaanaan waxyaabihii la xidhiidha kemotherabi, sida erayga "chemorefractory".
Marka la soo koobo, "chemorefactory" waa inay sameeyaan jawaabta dawooyinka kemotherabi. Si aad si fiican u fahamto "chemorefactory," aan ka bilowno aasaaska daaweynta kiimiko.
Astaamaha Chemotherapy
Waxaa jira in ka badan boqol nooc oo kala duwan oo loo yaqaan 'chemotherapy' oo loo isticmaalo dhakhaatiirta kansarka (oo loo yaqaan 'oncologists'). Iyadoo ay ku xiran tahay nooca kansarka iyo marxaladda kansarka, qofku wuxuu dooranayaa hal ama dhowr daawo kiimiko ah.
Maamulka
Chemotherapy waxaa lagu siin karaa siyaabo kala duwan. Daawooyinka qaarkood ayaa laga qaadi karaa afka (tusaale ahaan, kiniin ahaan ama foomka dareeraha) halka kuwa kalena loo qaato cirbad, ama murqaha ama dufanka dufanka leh.
Dawooyinka kale ee loo yaqaan 'chemotherapies' ayaa loo maamulaa dheecaanka cerebrospinal iyada oo loo marayo tuubo laf-dhabarka ah (oo lagu magacaabo kemotecal chemotherapy ), caloosha oo loo maro kateetarka, laabta laabta tuubo laabta ah, ama xitaa topic (maqaarka sare).
Guud ahaan, badi daaweynta kemotherabi waxaa la siiyaa xididka qofka, waxaana loo yaqaannaa faleebo xidid.
Mechanism
Chemotherapy waxay u shaqaysaa dilida unugyada si dhakhso ah u kora, sida unugyada kansarka.
Qaar ka mid ah unugyada caafimaad ee caadiga ah, inkastoo, waxay sidoo kale si dhaqso ah u koraan, sida unugyada afka iyo caloosha, unugyada dhiigga sameeya, iyo unugyada sameeya timaha. Tani waa sababta ay dadka qaar lumiyaan timahooda marka ay qaataan noocyo kala duwan oo kiimiko ah, lalabo lallabo iyo afka nabaro, noqdaan dhiig-yaraan, iyo / ama ay yeeshaan tiro yar oo unugyada caabuqa ah (oo loo yaqaan unugyada dhiiga cad).
Inkastoo chemo ka shaqeyneyso dilida unugyada kansarka, ujeedadu way kala duwanaan kartaa. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, yoolka ama natiijada laga filayo in la qaato chemo ma aha mid isku mid ah qof kasta.
Tusaale ahaan, inkastoo daaweynta kiimikada ee loo yaqaan 'chemotherapy' si loogu daaweeyo kansarka, waxaa loo isticmaali karaa halkii laga yareeyn lahaa buro ku filan si loo yareeyo xanuunka la xidhiidha kansarka (oo lagu magacaabo kiimikada daaweynta palliative ) ama burinaysa buro ka hor qaliinka (oo loo yaqaano kiimoteraabin celinta).
Jawaab
Waxqabadka, oo lagu qiyaaso waqtiyo gaar ah (sida caadiga ah ka dib laba illaa saddex wareeg oo daweyn kiimiko ah), waxa loola jeedaa sida ay waxtar u tahay dawooyinka kiimikada ee dila unugyada kansarka.
Dhaqaatiirtu waxay cabirayaan jawaabaha siyaabo kala duwan oo ku salaysan nooc gaar ah ee kansarka. Tusaale ahaan, dhakhtarku wuxuu dalban karaa baaritaanka CT-ga iyo / ama baaritaanka dhiigga si loo qiyaaso calaamadda cadaymaha . Imtixaanadan waxaa lagu soo celiyaa wakhti caadi ah, sidaa darteed waa la barbardhigi karaa.
Waxqabadka iyo Xiriirinta "Chemorefractory"
Ereyada "chemorefractory" ama "chemosensitive" ee kansarka ayaa sharaxaya jawaab celinta kansarka daroogooyinka la dagaallanka.
Haddii kansar ka soo baxo daaweynta kiimiko, waxaa loola jeedaa inuu hoos u dhaco ama uu baabi'iyo kaddib marka qofku qaato daawooyinka kiimikada, kansarka waxaa lagu sharaxay "chemosensitive."
Dhinaca garabka, haddii kansar yahay "chemoractory," ma yareynin ama kama lumiso jawaabta dawooyinka kiimikada loo maamulo.
Mararka qaarkood kansar kiimiko ah waxaa lagu tilmaami karaa "kufsi daaweynta kemotherabi," ama "iska caabin daaweynta kiimiko".
Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in kansarku uu si dhakhso ah u daaweyn karo kiimikada isla markiiba (sida bilowga daaweynta) ama waxay noqon kartaa mid ciriiri ah inta lagu jiro daweynta.
Haddii si kale loo dhigo, buro ayaa markii hore ka jawaabi karta kiimiko daaweynta oo yar yar, oo kaliya in la joojiyo ka jawaabista oo aan bedelin cabbirka, ama xitaa ka sii weynaado.
Marka si gaar ah loo eego, marka la qeexayo jawaabta (ama maqnaashaha la'aanteeda) daaweynta kiimiko, kalkaaliyayaasha bukaanku waxay isticmaalaan erayadan:
- Jawaab buuxda ayaa la sheegay in ay dhacaan marka kansarku dhammaanayo.
- Jawaab celinta qayb ka mid ah macnaheedu waa in kansarku uu hoos u dhacay, laakiin si buuxda uma tagin.
- Jawaab xasaasi ah macnaheedu waa in kansarku uusan hoos u dhicin, laakiin sidoo kale ma uusan korin.
- Haddii uu kansar sii socdo, way korortay, taasoo macnaheedu yahay in kansarku ka badan yahay ka hor inta aan la daaweynin kiimiko. Xaaladdan, takhtarku wuxuu joojin karaa kiimiko daaweynta iyo / ama isbeddel ku sameyso dawo kiimiko ah oo ka duwan.
Sababta Kansarkaagu wuxuu noqon karaa mid kiimiko ah
Waxaa jira sababo badan oo kansar u noqon karo mid ficil-celis ah, fahamkana ujeedooyinkani waa furaha horumarinta natiijooyinka daaweynta. Hal sabab ayaa ah in unugyada kansarku ay ku dhici karaan isbeddel ku yimaada qurxinta hidde-wanaaga, taasoo ka dhigaysa inay u adkaystaan daaweynta kiimikada. Hab kale oo khiyaano leh oo unugyada kansarka noqdaan kansarka ayaa ah dhirbaaxo lagu buufiyo dawada kiimikada marka ugu horreysa ee ay galaan xuubkooda.
Siyaabo kale ayaa waxaa ka mid ah:
- Unugyada kansarku waxay bartaan sida loo dayactirayo fasaxyada DNA-da ee ay sababto daawooyinka kiimikada qaarkood.
- Unugyada kansarku waxay yeelan karaan "maqaar qaro weyn leh" si ay ugu hadlaan, in xuubyadooda ay yaraadaan, sidaas awgeed kiimikadu ma geli karto.
- Unugyada kansarku waxay xitaa u abuuri karaan dariiqo ah in la isticmaalo daroogada, taas oo waxtar u leh.
Dhammaantood waxay yiraahdeen, waxaa muhiim ah in la xusuusto in haddii kansarkaagu yahay mid kiimiko ah, ma aha qaladkaaga - ma jiraan wax aad samaysay ama aadan sameynin taasoo sababtay kansarka si aysan u jawaabin.
Yaraynta Fursadahaaga Kaadi Kaadidaada ee Jir-Shiidan
Si loo yareeyo suurtagalnimada kansarka chemoractory, dhakhtarka kansarku waxa uu si cad u tilmaamayaa bukaanka marka ugu horeysa ee loo yaqaan 'kemotherapy' ugu fiican. Tani waa sababta oo ah marka kansar uu noqdo mid kiimiko ah oo loo isticmaalo daroogo kiimiko ah ama koox ka mid ah daroogooyinka kiimiko, waxa suurtagal ah inuu u adkaysto daawooyinka kale ee kiimikada.
Intaas waxaa sii dheer, astaamaha kansarku waxay badanaa bixiyaan daawooyinka kiimikada ee isku-dhafan si ay u kiciyaan kansarka ka hor inta aanay u adkaysan karin-marka loo eego, iyaga oo isticmaalaya hubkooda ugu xoogan marka hore.
Marka lagu daro xulashada daawooyinka kiimiko ee muujiya heerka ugu fiican ee lagu saleeyo cilmibaarista, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu sidoo kale tixgelin doonaa arrimo kale markaad dooranayso daawooyinkaaga kiimikada, sida caafimaadka jidhkaaga ee ka baxsan kansarkaaga, iyo weliba astaamaha sunta ( dhinaca saameynta ) ee kiimiko.
Ereyga
Iyadoo laguu sheegayo inaad leedahay kansar kiimiko ah ayaa walaac badan iyo walwal ah, macnaheeduna maaha inaanay jirin wax doorasho ah oo ku yaal daryeelkaaga kansarka. Mararka qaarkood, macnaheedu waa in loo beddelo qaab kale oo kiimiko ah ama nooc cusub oo daaweyn ah.
Uu ku qanacsanahay in cilmi-baarayaashu ay si xamaasad leh u shaqeynayaan si ay u helaan siyaabo lagu yareeynayo heerka jawaabaha kansarka iyo in la yareeyo iska caabinta kiimiko. Xitaa in ka badan, daaweynta kansarku waxay u socotaa jihada cusub, sida caddaynta soo baxa talaalka cudurka .
> Ilo:
> Bulshada Mareykanka ee Kansarka. (2017). Chemotherapy.
> Cleveland Chemocare Clinic Clinic. (2017). Waa maxay kemotherabi?
> Krol M, Pawlowski KM, Majchrzak K, Szyszko K, Motyl T. Waa maxay sababta kiimiko loo daaweyn karo? Pol J Vet Sci. 2010; 13 (2): 399-406.
> Machadka Kansarka Qaranka. Qeexitaanka kansarka halista ah.
> Sforza V. Natiijada bukaanka ee bukaanka qaba kansarka mindhicirka ee dhiig-mareenka oo lagu daweeyo trifluridine / tipiracil (TAS-102): barnaamij teknoolajiyad talyaani ah oo keliya. ESMO Open. 2017; 2 (4): e000229.