Faa'iidooyinka iyo Faa'iidooyinka Kansarka Chemotherapy
Waa maxay kemotherabi isku-darka ah, goorta la isticmaalo, iyo maxay yihiin faa'iidooyinka iyo khasaariinta habkan daaweynta?
Guudmarka
Chemotherapy isku-dhafka ayaa si fudud u isticmaala isticmaalka daawo ka badan hal daawo oo daaweynta kemotherabi ah. Waagii hore, kansarka waxaa badanaaba lagu daaweeyaa daawo hal mar ah, laakiin dawooyinka hadda jira ee noocyo badan oo kansar ah ayaa isticmaala isku-dar laba ama in ka badan oo daawooyin kala duwan ah.
Taariikhda Isugeynta Kombiyuutarka
Isticmaalka kiimiko isku dhafan si loo daweeyo kansarka ayaa lagu dhiirrigeliyay 1960-kii markii cilmi-baadhayaashu ay ka fikirayeen in habka loo daaweeyo cudurka qaaxada - iyadoo la isticmaalayo isku-darka antibiotics si loo yareeyo khatarta caabuqa - waxay u shaqeyneysaa daaweynta kansarka sidoo kale. Iyadoo la adeegsanayo habkan, kansarrada horey u ahaa dhimashada guud ahaan sida lymphocytic leukemia iyo Hodgkin's lymphoma ayaa badanaa la daaweyn karo. Laga soo bilaabo wakhtigaas, daaweynta kiimikada isku dhafan ayaa la soo saaray si loogu daweeyo kansarrada kale ee badan.
Sanadkii 1970-kii, kiimiko isku-darka ah ayaa loo arkay in uu waxtar badan u leeyahay dadka qaba kansarka sanbabada, oo ka waxtar badan "daaweynta kemotherabi ee xigta" ama isticmaalidda dawooyinka kemotherabi midkood waqti isku xigta, halkii ay ka ahayd isla waqtigaas.
Faa'iidooyinka
Waxaa jira dhowr faa'iido oo kala duwan oo loo adeegsado isticmaalka dawooyinka kemotherabi ee daawada halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen kaliya hal wakiil.
Qaar ka mid ah kuwaan waxaa ka mid ah:
- Yareynta fursada ah in buro ay u adkaysato daaweynta. Sida laysku daro antibiyootikada ayaa loo isticmaali karaa haddii ay bakteeriyadu gaarsiisan tahay mid ka mid ah daawooyinka, iyadoo la isticmaalayo laba ama kabadan kiimiko daaweynta ayaa yaraynaya khatarta ah in buro ay u adkaysato daaweynta.
- Samaynta suurtogalnimada in la siiyo dhammaan daawooyinka sida ugu macquulsan cudurka.
- Inaad karti u yeelato inaad wax ka qabato dhowr bartilmaameedyo geedi socodka kansarka isla waqti isku mid ah. Kansarka waa cudur adag oo ku lug leh tallaabooyin badan. Isticmaalka dawooyinka kemotherabi ee ka shaqeeya bartilmaameedyo kala duwan, ama dhibcaha geedi socodka kansarku, waa in la eego fursadaha lagu tirtiro kansarka.
- Tumor "Heterogeneity" - Cilmi-baarayaashu waxay isticmaalaan ereyga qotoma-ku-dhalashada si ay u sharaxaan sida unugyada kansarka ee burooyinka ay kala duwan yihiin. Inkasta oo unugyada bilawga ah ee kansarku ay yihiin "clones" - si kale loo dhigo - isku dheelitir isdaba-joog ah ayaa keena isbedelka unugyada. Qaar ka mid ah unugyada soo dhalaalaya ee ku jira buro ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka jawaabaan daroogo gaar ah halka qaar kalena ay u noqon karaan kuwo waxtar u leh daroogada kale.
- Cilmi-baaris dhawaan ah ayaa sidoo kale eegaysa siyaabaha loo isticmaalo daawooyinka kemotherabi isku dhafan ee loo isticmaalo si loo oggolaado in kansarku uu isticmaalo qaar ka mid ah dawooyinka qaadashada dawooyinka hoose, taas oo yareyneysa suurtagalnimada saameynta sunta.
Ficil ahaan, isticmaalka daaweynta kemotherabi isku dhafan ee kansarro badan ayaa la ogaadey in ay kor u qaadaan badbaadada, ama waxay keenaysaa jawaab celin wanaagsan oo daaweynta ah.
Dhibaatooyin
Qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka suurtogalka ah ee isku dhafan waxaa ka mid ah:
- Ciladaha kordhaya ee saamaynta daweynta kimoterapia-Waxay u tagtaa iyada oo aan sheegin in waqti kasta daawooyin dheeraad ah la isticmaalo ay u badan tahay in saameynaha daaweyntu ay dhici doonaan.
- Way adag tahay in la ogaado daroogada keentay saameyn gaar ah - Haddii bukaanku uu yeesho waxyeellada daawada marka daawooyin badan la isticmaalo, waxaa laga yaabaa inay adagtahay in la ogaado kuwa daawooyinka ka mas'uulka ah.
- Isdhexgalka daroogada - Mararka qaarkood saameynada daaweyntu maaha mid sabab u ah daweyn gaar ah, laakiin waxaa sabab u ah daawooyinka ay ka soo horjeedaan.
- Isku-darka saameynta daawada - Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad isticmaasho laba daroogo oo keena unugyada dhiiga cad ee hooseeyo, khatarta daaweynta nutropenia ee kemotherabi-ka ah (tiro yar oo ah unugyada dhiiga cad ee loo yaqaan nutrophils) ayaa kordhay.
Tusaalooyin
Waxaa jira daawooyin badan oo daawooyinka kemotherabi ah oo loo isticmaalo noocyo kala duwan oo kansar ah. Tusaale ahaan kansarka sanbabku wuxuu isticmaalayaa iskudhafka Platinol (cisplatin) iyo Navelbine (vinorelbine) si loo daaweeyo kansarka sanbabada unugyada yaryar.
Mararka qaarkood xarfaahin ayaa loo adeegsadaa si loo sharaxo kiimiko isku dhafan. Mid ka mid ah tusaale ahaan ABVD ee cudurka Hodgkin ee u dhigma daawooyinka kemotherabi ee Adriamycin (doxorubicin), Blenoxane (bleomycin), Oncovin (vinblastine) iyo DTIC-Dome (dacarbazine).
La qabsashada
Ku baro saamaynta daaweynta kimikalka ee caadiga ah iyo sidoo kale waxyeelooyinka mudada dheer ee daaweynta kiimikada , laakiin maskaxda ku hay in hababka lagu xakameynayo calaamadahaasi ay si aad ah u fiicnaayeen sannadihii la soo dhaafay. Tusaale ahaan, dad badan ma dareemaan lallabada iyo matagidda xitaa daawooyinka ay u badan tahay inay keenaan calaamadahaas.
Si aad u sameysid maalmo intaad chemo aad u yar tahay, hubi liistada liiska muhiimka ah ee ku habboon daaweynta kiimiko .
Ilaha:
Delbaldo, C., Michiels, S., Syz, N. et al. Faa'iidooyinka Ku Daaweeynta Loogu Talagalay Hal Qof Wakiil ama Chemotherapy 2-Dhexdhexaadiye ah oo Lagu Xakameynayo Kansarka Kansarka Sambabka ee Hoose-yar ah A Meta-analysis. JAMA . 2004. 292 (4): 470-484.
DeVita, V. iyo E. Chua. Taariikhda Chemotherapy Kansarka. Baaritaanka Kansarka . 2008. 68: 8643.
Hu, M., Huang, P., Wang, Y., Su, Y., Zhou, L., Zhu, X., iyo D. Yan. Chemotherapy Chemotherapy ee Camptothecin iyo Floxuridine iyada oo loo marayo Iskool-is-dhexgalinta daawada Amphiphilic Drug-Conjugate. Chemistry Bioconjugate . 2015. 26 (12): 2497-506.
Zimmermann, G. et al. Daaweynta Meel Gaar ah: marka guud ahaan ay ka weyn tahay wadarta qaybaha. Maqnaanshaha Daroogada Maanta . 2007. 12 (1-2): 34-42.