Daweynta qanjirka 'Thiroid' ama 'Lowactive Thyroid Gland'
Waxaa jira daroogo badan oo tirooyin badan loo isticmaalo endocrinology , khabiirka caafimaadka ee ka shaqeynaya cudurrada qanjaha iyo hormoonnada. Daawooyinka ayaa si ballaaran loo jajabin karaa iyadoo loo eegayo xaaladda ay tahay in lagu daaweeyo, sida:
- Hypothyroidism , oo qanjirka thyroid uusan soo saarin hoormoonka tayroodhka ku filan
- Hyperthyroidism , oo qanjirka thyroidka soo saaro hoormoon tayroodh badan
Qanjirka 'thyroid' waa unug u eg qaabka loo yaqaan 'butterfly-shaped' oo ku yaala saldhigga qoorta ee ku yaal xaggiisa hore. Doorka qanjirada thyroxine (T4) iyo triodotyronine (T3) kaas oo xakameynaya wax kasta oo ka yimaada xaddiga garaaca wadnaha iyo heerkulka jidhka ilaa hawlgalka neefsiga iyo wareegga caadada dumarka. Wax kasta oo aan caadi ahayn ee wax soo saarka T3 amaT4 waxay keeni kartaa calaamadaha saameynaya hal ama dhowr xubnood oo ka mid ah hababka kala duwan ee khatarta ka imaanaya khafiifinta si ay u dhisto.
Kansarka qanjidhka ka soo horjeeda, waa midda 11aad ee ugu badan ee kansarka Maraykanka, oo saameeya in kabadan 55,000 oo Maraykan ah oo keena in ka badan 2,000 oo dhimasho sanadkiiba, sida lagu sheegay warbixin ka soo baxday Ururka Maraykanka Cancer Society.
Daawooyinka loo Isticmaaley daaweynta Hypothyroidism
Daawooyinka hormoonnada hormoonnada hormoonka ah ee loo yaqaan 'thyroid' ayaa loo isticmaalaa daaweynta hypothyroidism. Waxay ku shaqeeyaan beddelidda hormoonnada in qanjirka thyroid uusan awoodin inuu soo saaro ama marka tayroodhka la isticmaalo raajo si habboon loo daaweeyo ama qalliin looga saaro.
Hypothyroidism waxaa sababi kara xaalado badan oo ay ka mid tahay yaraanta iodine, cudurka Hashimoto (cudur-maskaxeed), daaweynta kansarka, ama qayb ka mid ah ama dhammaystirto qanjirka thyroid ( thyroidectomy ). Waxay sidoo kale noqon kartaa natiijo ka dhalatey jirro ku dhasha qanjirada kaas oo qanjirka thyroid uusan shaqeynin sida ay tahay.
Qaar ka mid ah daawooyinka loo isticmaalo daweynta hypothyroidism waxaa ka mid ah:
- Cytomel (liotyronin) waa nooc sawir ah ee T3
- Levothyroxine , foomka synthetic ee T4 suuq gashay hoos ku qoran calaamadaha Synthroid, Levoxyl, Unithroid, iyo Tirosint
- Tijaabinta dabiiciga ah ee dabiiciga ah ee loo yaqaan 'thyroid' ka samaysan tuubada doofaarka
Dawooyinka loo isticmaalo daawaynta Hyperthyroidism
Dawooyinka ka hortagga dheef-shiid kiimikaadka ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo hyperthyroidism. Waxay ka shaqeeyaan iyaga oo ka hortagaya qanjirka thyroid ee ka soo baxa iodine loo baahan yahay si loo sameeyo hormoonka tayroodh.
Hyperthyroidism waxaa sababi kara cudurka Grave (nooc kale oo ah xanuunka unugyada difaaca jirka), unugyada qanjidhada thyroid nodules , infakshanka thyroid-ka ( thyroiditis ), iyo qanjirka 'pituitary cystole' (taas oo ka shaqeysa tandem qanjirka thyroid ). Waxaa intaa dheer, xaddiga cudurka Hashimoto wuxuu sidoo kale keeni karaa hyperthyroidism si la mid ah taas oo keena hypothyroidism.
Hadda waxa jira laba daroogo oo loo ogolaaday isticmaalka daweynta hypothyroidism ee Maraykanka:
- Tapazole (methimazole)
- Propylthourouracil , ayaa inteeda badan loogu talagalay in lagu daweeyo dhibaatada qanjirka thyroid
Dawooyinka loo isticmaalo daaweynta kansarka qanjirka
Marka lagu daro daaweynta hormoon la'aanta hormoonka, waxaa jira daawooyin kale oo loo isticmaalo daawaynta kansarka thyroid. Waxaa jira afar nooc oo kansar ah oo kala duwan , kuwaas oo qaar ka mid ah ay daaweyn ka badan kuwa kale.
Nidaamyada daaweyntu way kala duwan yihiin laakiin waxay u muuqdaan inay shaqeeyaan qaar badan oo daawooyinka loo isticmaalo kansarada kale, oo ay ku jiraan:
- Adriamycin (doxorubicin hydrochloride)
- Caprelsa (vandetanib)
- Cometriq (cabozantinib-S-malate)
- Lenvima (lenvatinib mesylate)
- Nexavar (sorafenib tosylate)
Daroogo kale oo loo yaqaano Thyrogen (thyrotropin alfa) ayaa loo adeegsadaa dadka qaba kansarka tayroodhka ka hor inta aan la isticmaalin aboorka shucaaca ee shucaaca . Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa kuwa lagu daaweeyo kansarka ka hor inta aan la qaadin baaritaan dabagal ah. Daawada hormoonka thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) , Thyrogen waxay xaqiijin kartaa baaritaanka saxda ah ee jirka oo dhan iyadoo aan loo keenin hypothyroidism.
> Ilo:
> Bulshada Mareykanka ee Kansarka. "Tirakoobka muhiimka u ah kansarka qanjirka '. Atlanta, Georgia; cusbooneysiiyay Janaayo 6, 2017.
> Ross, D .; Burch, H .; Cooper, D. et al. "2016 Tilmaamaha Astaamaha Tiro-Gaarka Maraykanka ee loogu talagalay baadhitaanka iyo maareynta Hyperthyroidism iyo Sababaha kale ee Thyrotoxicosis." THYROID . 2016; 26 (10): 1343-421. DOI: 10.1089 / your.2016.0229.
> McAninch, E. iyo Bianco, A. "Taariikhda iyo mustaqbalka Daaweynta Hypothyroidism." Ann Intern Intern Med. 2016; 164 (1): 50-56. DOI: 10.7326 / M15-1799.
> Machadka Kansarka Qaranka: Machadyada Qaranka ee Caafimaadka. "Daroogooyinka la Ogaaday ee Kansarka Qanjidhka." Bethesda, Maryland; updated March 12, 2015.