Hypothyroidism waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku dhacdo dhowr sababood oo kala duwan, laga bilaabo weerarka gawaarida difaaca ee qanjirka thyroid (oo lagu magacaabo Hashimoto's thyroiditis) si loogu qaato dawo sida lithium. Hypothyroidism sidoo kale waxay noqon kartaa calaamada ugu horeysa ee dhibaatada qanjirka 'pituitary'.
Fahmidda "sababta" sababta ka dambeysa baarista hypothyroidism waa mid muhiim u ah in la sii wado qorshe daaweyn.
Tani waa sababta oo ah dadka qaarkood waxay u baahan karaan bedelka hoormoonka hoormoonka ee dheeraadka ah, kuwa kale waxay yeelan karaan xaalad gaaban oo ah hypothyroidism (tusaale ahaan, thyroiditis postpartum), waxay u baahan tahay joojinta qaadashada daawada, ama waxay ubaahan tahay baaritaano dheeri ah sida sawiridda qanjirka pituitary.
Sababta Sameeya
Hashimoto's thyroiditis waa sababta ugu badan ee keenta hypothyroidism ee Maraykanka.
Hashimoto ee Thyroiditis
Hashimoto's thyroiditis waa cudur isdaba joog ah oo saameeya qanjirkaaga qanjirka. Hashimoto, difaaca jirka ayaa ka hortagaya borotiinka ku jira qanjiradaada qanjidhkaaga, taas oo keeneysa in si tartiib tartiib ah u dhacdo qanjirka laftiisa, taas oo ka dhigeysa in aysan soo saarin hoormoonka tayroodhka jirkaagu u baahan yahay.
Hashimoto 'thyroiditis' wuxuu ku badan yahay dumarka, iyo inta ay dhici karto da 'kasta, waa caadi in dadku sii weynaadaan. Dumarka, Hashimoto badanaa waxay kobcaan xilliga uurka, ka dib dhalmada, ama ku dhowaad wakhtiga dhalmada.
Sababaha kale
Ka sokow cudurka Hashimoto, sababaha kale ee keena hypothyroidism waxaa ka mid ah:
Qalliin
Dadka qaba hyperthyroidism, nodules thyroid, ama kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' ayaa laga yaabaa inay u baahdaan qalliin. Haddii dhammaan qanjidhada qanjirada ee qalliinka laga saaro, qofku wuxuu noqon doonaa hypothyroid wuxuuna u baahan yahay daaweynta hormoonnada hormoonnada jirka ee dheeraadka ah.
Haddii kaliya qayb ka mid ah qanjidhada tayroodhka laga saaro, waxaa jira fursad fiican oo ay weli awood u yeelan karto sameynta hormoon xagga tayroodh.
Shucaac
Halkii laga maarmayo qalliinka thyroid ama daawada antithyroid, dadka qaarkiis ee qaba hyperthyroidism waxaa lagu daaweeyaa iodine radioactive, taas oo burburin doonta qanjirka thyroid-ka, taas oo keenta hypothyroid. Dadka qaada daawada shucaaca ee Hodgkin's lymphoma ama kansarka madax iyo qoorta ayaa sidoo kale halis ugu jira inay horumariyaan cudurka hypothyroidism.
Thyroiditis
Qanjirka 'Thyroiditis' wuxuu qeexayaa bararka xanuunka qanjirka 'thyroid' oo waa erey guud oo loogu talagalay xaalado kala duwan oo tayroodh ah. Cudurka Hashimoto (sida kor ku xusan) waa nooca ugu badan ee uu ku dhaco thyroiditis waxaana keena weerar weerar ah.
Tusaale kale oo ka mid ah thyroiditis waa suborder of thyroiditis (sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'Quervain's thyroiditis'), taas oo la aaminsan yahay inay sababtay fayras. Marka la eego nooca thyroiditis, qofku waxa uu dareemaa hyperthyroidism oo ay ku xigto hypothyroidism, marka lagu daro qanjirada qanjirka thieroid.
Daawooyinka qaarkood
Daawooyinka qaarkood waxay dhalin karaan cudurka hypothyroidism. Daawooyinkaan waxaa ka mid ah:
- Lithium
- Amiodarone
- Thionamides (dawooyinka antithyroid)
- Interferon-alpha
- Interleukin-2
- Daawooyinka qaarkood ee kansarka (tyrosine kinase inhibitorsaal iyo difaaca jirka ee la talaalay)
Iodine Excess ama deficiency
Iodine aad u badan (tusaale ahaan, kaabayaasha cuntada ee ku jira kelp) waxay keeni karaan ama ka sii dari karaan hypothyroidism. Intaa waxaa dheer, la'aanta iodine, oo lagu arko dadka qaar ee ku nool wadamada horumaray ee hoos u dhigi kara waxay keeni karaan hypothyroidism. Iodine waxay lagama maarmaan u tahay soo saarida hoormoonka tayroodhka, waxaana laga helaa raashinka, sida caanaha, hilibka lo'da, hilibka lo'da, hilibka doofaarka, kalluunka, iyo cusbo iodineed.
Cudurka Hypothyroidism ee dhasha
Carruurta qaarkood waxay ku dhashaan iyagoo aan lahayn qanjirka thyroid ama qanjirka qanjiraha oo kaliya. Maadaama aysan jirin qanjirka thyroid (ama aan ku filneyn) inuu soo saaro hoormoonka tayroodhka, hormoonada hypothyroidism ayaa kobcisa, taas oo ah mid halis ah wuxuuna u baahan yahay daaweynta kiniiniga hoormoonka thyroid.
Dhibaatada Pituitary Gland
Qanjirka pituitary wuxuu ku yaalaa maskaxda waxayna kicisaa qanjidhada kale ee jirka, sida qanjidhka thyroid, si loo sii daayo hormoonka. Haddii qanjirka pituitary uu waxyeeleeyo buro maskaxda, shucaaca, ama qalliinka maskaxda, waxaa laga yaabaa inaanay si fiican u shaqeynin si ay u calaamadiso qanjirka thyroidka. Tani waxay dhalin kartaa qanjirro firficoon oo aan firfircooneyn. Nooca nooca 'hypothyroidism' waxaa loo yaqaan 'hypothyroidism' ama 'central hypothyroidism'.
Cudurrada infiltrative
Marar dhif ah, cudurrada qaarkood, sida hemochromatosis, waxay soo saari karaan walxaha aan caadiga ahayn (birta, marka la eego xaalad ah hemochromatosis) ee qanjirada 'pituitary gland', taas oo keenta xinjirta dhexe ee hypothyroidism, ama caadi ahaan, qanjiradaada qanjiradaada, taas oo keenaysa hypothyroidism.
Ka sokow xinjirowosis, sarkhoidosis waxay keeni kartaa qulqulka granuloma ee qanjirka thyroid. Waxa kale oo jira xaalad dhif ah oo loo yaqaano "thyroiditis" (ama Riedel's thyroiditis), taas oo nudaha fibrotiinku badalayo unugyada qanjirada caadiga ah.
Genetics
DNA-daada ayaa door ka ciyaara marka ay timaaddo horumarinta hypothyroidism, oo tanina waxay taageertaa dhowr daraasadood.
Tusaale ahaan, hal daraasad Jarmal ah ayaa lagu ogaaday in 32-laab halis dheeraad ah uu ugu jiro horumarinta Hashimoto ee tirakoobka ee carruurta iyo 21-laab isku mid ah khatarta ah ee walaalaha ah ee qaba Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Markaad eegto hiddo-wadaha gaar ah ee la xidhiidha Hashimoto's, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay ku heleen isku-baddal ku saabsan unugyada lakinosta ee dadka (HLA), daawooyinka T-cell, iyo hababka kale ee ku lug leh nidaamka difaaca.
Si gacan looga geysto doorka hiddaha ee hormoonada Hashimoto's thyroiditis, calaamadaha hidde-wadaha, caleemaha dhalaanka iyo Down syndrome-ka, waxay ka badan yihiin inta laga filayo cudurka qanjirka thyroid, gaar ahaan Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Dhammaantood waxay yiraahdeen, waxaa muhiim ah in la xusuusto in hidde-gaagu uu yahay hal arrin oo ka caawiya saadaalinta khatarta aad ugu jirto inaad qaaddo hypothyroidism. Waxaa jira waxyaabo badan oo kale (deegaan) oo ciyaaraya, sida uurka ama qaadashada daawooyinka qaarkood.
Ugu dambeyntii, waa isku-dhafanaanta hiddo-wadaha iyo kicinta deegaanka oo saadaaliya khatarta khaaska ah ee lagu horumarinayo hypothyroidism.
Calaamadaha Halista Guud
Ciladaha kor u qaada khatarta ah inuu ku dhaco hypothyroidism waxaa ka mid ah:
- Dumar ahaan
- Ahaanshaha da 'weyn
- Inaad noqoto Caucasian ama Asian
- Haysashada taariikhda qoyska ee Hashimoto ee thyroiditis ama cudur kale oo kammaari kara
- Qaadashada taariikhda shakhsiyeed ee cudur-sidaha cudur-sidaha (tusaale ahaan, adrenal la'aanta, rheumatoid arthritis-ka, ama nooca 1-diabeteska)
- Ahaanshaha uurka ama dhalmada kadib
- Isticmaal badan ama aad u yar oo iodine ah
- Lagu daweeyo iodine radioactive
- Shucaac la siiyay qoorta ama xabadka sare
- Qalitaanka qalliinka
- Waxaa lagu daaweeyaa daawooyinka qaarkood (tusaale, lithium ee cudurka laba-cirifoodka)
Kobcinta Ciladaha Halista ah
Arrinta xiisaha leh, waxay raadinaysaa in yaraanta halista ah ee la xiriirta horumarinta Hashimoto's thyroiditis iyo hypothyroidism. Intaa waxaa dheer, in cudurro madax-xanuunka oo hooseeya, sida mareenka, ayaa la ogaaday inay la xiriirto khatarta sii kordhaysa ee hypothyroidism, gaar ahaan haweenka cayilan.
Weli si cad ugama soconin sida sigaar-cabiddu u saameeyso qanjirka thyroid-ka, inkastoo ay u badan tahay inuu kakan yahay. Inkastoo cilmi-baaristu muujinayso in sigaar-cabista sigaarka ay kordhinayso khatarta hypothyroidism ee dadka qaba Hashimoto's thyroiditis, cilmi-baaris kale waxay soo jeedinaysaa in sigaar-cabiddu ay dhab ahaantii ku xiran tahay hoos u dhac ku yimaada hypothyroidism iyo kor u kaca hyperthyroidism.
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