4 Su'aalaha Inta Badan La Iswaydiiyo
Fahminta calaamadaha iyo astaamaha HIV-ga wuxuu noo ogolaanayaa in aan si haboon u daaweynno (iyo xitaa iska ilaalino) si fiican qaar ka hor intaanay dhicin. Waxaa muhiim ah in la xuso, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in badanaa wax calaamado ah kama soo bixin bilawga infekshanka HIV, iyo marka calaamadaha ugu dambeeya ay muuqdaan, badanaa ka dib marka fayrusku uu keeno dhaawac aan loo dulqaadan karin nidaamka difaaca jirka.
Cabsida iyo khaldan la'aanta HIV-ga ayaa badanaa ka hortagi kara dadka inay raadsadaan daaweynta iyo daryeelka ay u baahan yihiin , iyada oo qaar ay si xun u tarjumayaan ereyga "asymptomatic" oo micnaheedu yahay "aan lahayn caabuq."
Qaar kalena waxay sugaan illaa inta ay calaamadaha isbadalayaan ama iska indhatiraan ilaa inta ay ugu dambeyn dhicin - ay ku fashilmeen in la yareeyo calaamadaha mudada gaaban maaha tilmaam ah hagaajin iyo calaamad muujinaysa in cudurka la iska daayay.
Sidaa daraadeed waa mid baahsan oo khaldan ah kuwaas oo qaar badani ay sii wadi doonaan in ay iska ilaaliyaan daaweynta aan loo baahnayn, marar badan sanado. Maanta, tirada celceliska CD4 ee bilawga daaweynta antiretroviral (ART) waxay u taagan tahay wadamo kale oo 145 ah / mL dalal dakhli hooseeya, 155 unugyo / mL wadamada dakhli dhexdhexaadka ah, 135 unug / mL wadamada dakhliga dhexe, iyo 274 unugyada / mL ee wadamada dakhliga sare leh.
(Tilmaamaha Maraykanku waxay ku talinayaan ART in ay xitaa ama ka sarreeyaan tirooyinka CD4 ee 500, halka dadka qaba CD4 ka yar 200 ay yihiin kuwa loo qaato inay qabaan AIDS .)
Marka ay muhiim tahay in la aqoonsado calaamadaha HIV, calaamadaha keligood marnaba ma xaqiijin karo in infekshanku dhacay ama haddii cudur la xiriira HIV uu kobcayo.
Kaliya baaritaanka HIV ama ogaanshaha dhakhtarkaaga ayaa xaqiijin kara.
Waxa aad sameyn karto waa inaad barataa naftaada. Dhammaantood waxay bilaabaan iyagoo is-weydiinaya dhowr su'aalood oo muhiim ah:
1. Maxay Yihiin Calaamadaha Hore ee HIV?
40% ka mid ah caabuqa HIV ee dhawaanahan, calaamadaha hargabka waxay u kobcin doonaan gudaha 7-14 maalmood gudahood marka la qaado. Xaaladdan waxaa caadi ahaan loo yaqaan "cillad sahlan" (ama ARS).
Calaamaduhu way kala duwan yahiin kuwo fudud ilaa kuwo daran waxayna sii wadi karaan bilaha waqti waxayna ku jiraan:
- Qandho
- Madax xanuun
- Dhidid habeenkii ah
- Malaise
- Myalgia (xanuun guud, murqo xanuun ama xanuun)
- Finan (sida cambaarta-sida muuqaalka iyo sida caadiga ah loo qaybiyo qaybaha sare ee jirka iyo / ama calaacalaha gacmaha)
Baro sababta ay muhiim u tahay in la aqoonsado calaamadaha ARS, iyo sida dhexgalka horey uga hortagi karto horumarinta jirada muddada dheer, labadaba HIV-ga iyo HIV-ga.
2. Maxay yihiin calaamadaha HIV ee marxaladda la marayo?
Qaar badan oo ka mid ah calaamadaha la xidhiidha infekshin hore waxay sabab u tahay jawaabta jidhka ee HIV ee lafteeda, kaas oo nidaamka difaaca loo dhigo digniin heer sare ah oo ka soo horjeeda duullaan shisheeye. Calaamadaha cudurka infekshinka dambe wuxuu dhacaa marka HIV-gu si tartiib ah u soo baxo difaaca difaaca jidhka, taas oo yareyneysa awoodda ladagaallanka cudurka. Baro sababta ay tani u dhacdo iyo sida HIV aan loo daaweyn karin u horseedi karto horumarinta wax-qabadka "cudurka AIDS-ka ee qeexaya."
3. Maxay yihiin AIDS-ka Caymiska Qeexaya? "
Infakshannada waxaa la yiraahdaa "fursado" marka uu dhasho difaaca difaaca jidhku wuxuu u oggol yahay bakteeriyada, fayruusyada iyo wakiillada ajnabiga ah fursad ay ku qaadaan. Waxyaabaha ka mid ah cudurrada AIDS-ka, caymiska cudurka ee ay xaddidaan Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Ka Hortagga Cudurrada (CDC) sida tooska ah ula xiriirta habka difaaca jirka ee ka iman kara cudurka HIV.
Waxaa jira 27 xaaladood oo kiliinikarin ah oo tixgelinaya qeexitaanka AIDS-ka:
- Infakshannada bakteeriyada, dhowr ama soo noqnoqon
- Candidiasis of bronchi, trachea, ama sanbabada
- Candidiasis ee hunguriga
- Kansarka afka ilmo-galeenka (gardarrada)
- Coccidioidomycosis , oo laga sii daayay sambabada
- Cryptococcosis, oo bixisa meel ka baxsan sambabada
- Cryptosporidiosis , xiidmaha daba dheeraaday muddo ka badan hal bil
- Cudurada Cytomegalovirus (oo aan ka ahayn beerka, beeryarada, ama qanjidhada qanjidhada)
- Cudurada Cytomegalovirus leh aragti la'aan
- Encephalopathy (HIV-la xiriira)
- Fayraska Herpes Simplex , oo soconaya muddo ka badan hal bil ama meel aan ka ahayn maqaarka, sida hunguriga ama sambabaha
- Histoplasmosis , oo lagu faafiyo meel ka baxsan sambabada
- Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)
- Qalabka lymphoid oof-wareenka ama xeeldheerta qanjiraha lymphoid hyperplasia
- Burkitt lymphoma (ama waqti isku mid ah)
- Lymphoma Immunoblastic (ama waqti isku mid ah)
- Lymphoma ee maskaxda
- Cudurka Mycobacterium avium ama Mycobacterium kansasii , oo lagu faafiyo meel ka baxsan sanbabada
- Qaaxada Mycobacterium ee goob kasta (sambab, faafin, ama dibedda sambabada)
- Mycobacterium, noocyada kale ama noocyada aan la garaneynin, oo lagu faafiyo meel ka baxsan sambabada
- Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), oo ay sababtay fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci
- Pneumonia (soo noq-noqosho)
- Horumarinta lafo-yaqaanka ( multilocal leukoencephalopathy ) (PML)
- Salmonella septicemia (soo noq-noqosho)
- Toxoplasmosis ee maskaxda
- Qaaxada
- Cudurka qaliinka
Baro sababta sababta infekshannada noocaas ah loo tixgelinayo qeexitaanka AIDS-ka iyo waxa jiritaanka xaaladahan micnaheedu yahay natiijooyinkaaga caafimaad ee muddada-dheer.
4. Intee in le'eeg ayaan ku noolaan karaa haddii aan qabo HIV?
Warbixin cusub oo 2014 ah oo ay soo saartey Daraasada Multicenter AIDS Cohort waxay soo jeedinaysaa in dadka bilaaba daaweynta HIV-ga ee ka sarreeya ama ka sareeya tirada CD4 ee 350 unug / ml ayaa laga yaabaa inay awoodaan in ay ku raaxaystaan rajada nolosha ee u siman-ama ka weyn-tan dadka guud. Baro waxyaabaha saameeya nolol maalmeedka dadka qaba HIV, iyo sidoo kale shuruudaha hoos u dhigi kara dhererka ilaa 22 sano.
Ilaha:
Willard, S .; Holzemer, W .; Wantland, D .; et al. "Miyuu 'Asymptomatic' celcelis aan lahayn calaamadaha loogu talagalay dadka qaba HIV? Daryeelka AIDS-ka. Maarso 2009; 21 (3): 322-328.
Iskuduwaha IeDEA iyo ART Cohort. "CD4 wuxuu ku xisaabtamayaa bilawga daawada antiretroviral ee caalamiga ah, laakiin wuxuu ka fiicnaan karaa!" Journal of Immune Deficiency Syndromes. Janaayo 2014; 65 (1): e8-e16. doi: 10.1097