Halkee dunida ka jirta kansarka sanbabada ugu badan? Qaado fikrad sida 10ka dal ee ugu horreeya ka hor intaadan u guurin, laakiin marka hore is weydii: "Maxay tani muhiim u tahay?"
Wacyigelinta guud waa mid ka mid ah sababaha loo arko kansarka sanbabada adduunka. Xaggee baahida ugu weyn?
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Halkee Kansarka Kansarka Caadi ah?Sababta kale ee muhiimka ah ee su'aashaani waydiiso waa in ay kor u qaaddo su'aalo dheeraad ah. Waan ognahay in sigaar-cabidu sababto kansar, laakiin heerarka sigaar-cabista iyo kansarka sanbabada khasab maaha inay galaan gacmo-gacmeedka adduunka. Waa maxay sababta? Maxay u kala duwan yihiin dalalka leh heerka ugu sareeya ee kansarka sanbabada, iyo heerka kansarka sanbabka ee haweenka?
Sababaha keena kansarka sanbabada ayaa sidoo kale loogu yeeraa dusha sare ee su'aashan. Guud ahaan, boqolkiiba 80 kansarka sanbabada ee ragga waxaa loo aaneynayaa sigaar cabista, laakiin 50 boqolkiiba kansarka sanbabada haweenka ayaa la xiriira sigaarka. Maxay yihiin sababaha kansarka sanbabada 50 boqolkiiba dumarka kale, oo aqoon u lahaan kara, iyo tallaabooyinka ka hortagga ee loo baahan yahay, sameyso isbeddel haweenka Maraykanka ah iyo sidoo kale? Dhamaanba, sababta keentay dhimashada kansarka ee haweenka Maraykanka waa kansarka sanbabada, ee aan ahayn kansarka naasaha. Dhab ahaan, waxaa jira dumar badan oo aan sigaar cabin (marnaba sigaar cabbin iyo sigaar cabbiyaal hore) kuwaas oo ku dhimanaya Maraykanka sannad kasta kansarka sanbabada, marka loo eego dumarka aan sigaarka cabbin iyo kuwa sigaarka cabba - waxay u dhintaan kansarka naasaha.
Ugu dambeyntii, inta aynaan aragno isdabajoog guud ama xitaa hoos u dhig tirada guud ee dadka qaba kansarka sanbabada ee Maraykanka, dhacdooyinka hal koox ayaa sii kordhaya: kuwa dhalinyarada ah, oo aan weligood sigaar cabin. Miyay raadin kartaa caalam ahaan inaga naga caawin karno inaan ka jawaabno su'aashaas?
Inkasta oo wacyiga tubaakada uu wax weyn ka tari karo guriga iyo banaanbaxyada, muuqaal adduunka oo dhan wuxuu inoo xusuusinayaa in shaqadeena ka hortagga iyo hore loo ogaado, inaysan ka hadlin daaweyn ka wanaagsan, waa mid aan laga fogeyn.
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Number 1 - Hungary (Denmark for Women)Hungary waxay leedahay heerka ugu sarreysa ee kansarka sanbabada adduunka oo dhan, halka Danmark ay leedahay heerka ugu sarreysa ee kansarka sanbabada ee dumarka. Hungary waxay daba socotaa waddamo badan oo Yurubta bari ah (marka laga reebo Romania) kaas oo kansarka sanbabku uu sii kordhayo oo sii socdo.
Hungary waa tusaale ku saabsan sigaarcabka iyo kansarka sanbabada ee la xidhiidha. Sida Hungary ay leedahay heerka ugu sarreysa ee kansarka sanbabada adduunka, waxa kale oo uu leeyahay mid ka mid ah sicir-bararka ugu sarreeya dunida oo dhan.
Laakiin xitaa marka sigaarka lagu cabbo waa sabab cad oo kansarka sanbabada, sida Hungary, waa muhiim in la tixgeliyo sababaha kale ee suurtogalka ah. Astaamaha Asbestos waa arrin khatar ah oo ku xiran Hungary, taas oo aan ka tarjumeynin kaliya kansarka sanbabada, laakiin horumarinta xuubka maskaxda ee malignantoma , kansarka oo ka bilaabma meeshankaum , xuub u dhigma sambabada.
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Number 2 - Serbia (Canada for Women)Serbia waxay leedahay heerka 2aad ee heerka ugu sarreysa ee kansarka sanbabada adduunka iyo sidoo kale waa waddan si joogta ah u leh mid ka mid ah sigaarka ugu sarreeya adduunka.
Tani maaha wax la yaab leh oo lagu ogaado waxa aan ka ogaanno kansarka sanbabada iyo sigaarcabka illaa iyo boqolkiiba 50 ragga (iyo boqolkiiba 30 dumarka) dalka si firfircoon ayuu sigaar cabayaa. Waxaa jira waxyaabo kale oo ka baxsan sigaarcabka, si kastaba ha ahaatee, taasi waxay ka qayb qaadan kartaa darajadan.
Daraasadaha qaarkood waxay ogaadeen in jimicsigu uu yaraynayo halista kansarka sanbabada, baadhitaan cusub ayaa la ogaaday in kaliya boqolkiiba 10 ragga ka tirsan Serbiya ay ku lug yeeshaan dhaqdhaqaaq jireed joogto ah. Serbia, boqolkiiba 50 ragga waa miisaan, halka cunto caafimaad leh ay yareyn karto halista kansarka sanbabada. Raashinka sarreeya ee lutein (spinach, broccoli) iyo qandhada (yaanyo iyo suugo yaanyo) waxay u muuqdaan inay yareeyaan halista kansarka sanbabada iyada oo raashinka dufanka badani uu sare u qaadayo khatarta. Cilmi-baarista ayaa sidoo kale ogaatay in qaadashada sarreeya ee noocyada khamriga ah ay keeni karto khatarta kansarka sanbabada , boqolkiiba 40 dadka ragga ah ee reer Serbia ah maalin walbo hal daraasaddood ayaa maalin kasta cabba khamriga.
Qodob kale oo ay tahay in la tixgeliyo waa heerka dhimashada kansarka sanbabada marka la ogaado. Iyadoo ay jirto xaalad dhaqaale ee Serbiya sanadihii la soo dhaafay, daryeelka caafimaad maaha mid la mid ah dalalka qaar.
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Number 3 - Kuuriya (United States for Women)Korea (Jamhuuriyadda Dimoqraadiga ee Korea) waxay leedahay heerka 3aad ee ugu sarreeya kansarka sanbabada adduunka. Waxaa jira xiriir toos ah oo ka dhexeeya kansarka sambabada iyo sigaar cabista Kuuriya, inkastoo dad badani ay la yaabeen inay maqlaan heerarka sare ee kansarka sanbabada ee qaar ka mid ah dumarka Asian ah oo ka soo horjeeda haweenka qaarada Yurub, inkastoo sigaar cabid yar. Waxaa la rumaysan yahay in hawada wasakheysan ee gudaha ka timaadda shukumaannada dhuxusha lagu gubo iyo qiiqa wax lagu karsado ay keenaan khatarta sare ee kansarka sambabada ee dalalka Aasiya qaarkood. Qiiqa sigaarka ah ayaa sidoo kale u muuqda in uu yahay saameyn halis ah oo kansarka sanbabada ah ee Kuuriya, iyo dalalka kale ee adduunka.
Isaga oo ka soo jeeda bariga Kuuriya waxa uu ku dhacaa wax la yiraahdo jadeecada kansarka sanbabada ee Japan . Maxay ragga Maraykanku u qabaan kansarka sanbabada badan xitaa haddii ragga yaryar sigaarka cabbaan (caadi ahaan?) Waxaa jira aragtiyo badan, inkastoo qofna uusan garanayn sababta dhabta ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay jiri karto kansarka (kansarka) sababtuna tahay sigaarka Japanese ka badan sigaarka Maraykanka. Ama waxaa laga yaabaa in arrimaha hiddaha ama cuntooyinka ay cunsuriyadeeyaan ragga ragga u adkeysta saameynta qiiqa tubaakada. Sabab kasta ha noqotee, tani waa xusuus wacan in kansarka (kansarrada oo dhan) ay badanaa yihiin cudur ciladeysan, taasoo micnaheedu yahay in dhowr arrimood ay wada shaqeynayaan ama sababi karaan kansarka.
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Number 4 - Macedonia (Korea for Women)FYR Macedonia waxay leedahay qiyaasta ugu sarreysa ee ugu sarreysa kansarka sanbabada adduunka.
Intaa waxaa dheer in tiro badan oo sigaar cabba ah ee Macedonia (qiyaastii boqolkiiba 40 dadweynaha,) da'da yar ee bilaabista sigaar-cabista (marka qofku bilaabayo sigaar-cabista) ayaa loo tixgeliyey in uu khatar u yahay waddankan.
Daraasadaha waxay soo jeedinayaan in marka lagu daro tirada sigaarka ay sigaar cabbaan, iyo muddada qofku sigaar cabbo, da'da uu sigaarka cabbo bilaabmaa waxay keeni kartaa halista kansarka sanbabada. Tani waxay macno u yeelataa dadka sigaarka cabba marka ay da'doodu yartahay waxay u muuqdaan inay sidaas sameeyaan inta lagu jiro muddada koritaanka sambabada iyo horumarka. Daraasooyinka hidde-wanaaga ayaa taageeray aragtidan, iyada oo caddaynta isbeddelka jidhka ee dheeriga ah ee DNA-da ee ku jira sigaarcabyada bilaaba caadadooda noloshooda hore.
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Lambarka 5 - Calendonia (Hungary for Women)Marka lagu daro sigaar-cabista, u -qaadashada shaqooyinka sida waxyaabaha asbestos ah ee sababa muhiim ah ee kansarka sanbabada ee New Caledonia. Maraykanka gudahiisa, shaqooyinka soo-galootiga waxaa loo maleynayaa in ay gacan ka geystaan 13 ilaa 29 boqolkiiba kansarka sanbabada, tanina way kala duwanaan kartaa adduunka.
Daraasaduhu waxay ogaadeen ragga New Caledonia ee u shaqeeya sida darawal iyo baska baabuurta (rakibidda shidaalka) iyo sidoo kale kuwa soo gaadhay alaabta nadiifinta, bacriminta faytanka ah, iyo boodhka beerta ayaa halis dheeraad ah ugu jira inay yeeshaan kansarka sanbabada.
New Caledonia, sida Hungary, waxay leedahay dhacdooyinka sare ee qanjirada 'mesothelioma', kaas oo lala xiriiriyay isticmaalka asbestos-ka-yar-yar ee xoqan.
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Number 6 - Montenegro (Netherlands ee Haweenka)Montenegro waxay leedahay 6-da ugu sarreeya ee kansarka sanbabada adduunka iyo sidoo kale waxay leedahay mid ka mid ah sicir-bararka ugu sarreeya dunida oo dhan.
Daraasado lagu eegayo kansarka sanbabada ee Montenegro ayaa muujinaya xiriirka cad ee u dhexeeya sigaarka iyo kansarka sanbabada. Laga soo bilaabo 1976 ilaa 2000, sicirka sigaarka ee dalka ayaa kordhay 98%. Muddadaa isla mudadaas, dhacdooyinka kansarka sanbabada ragga ayaa ku dhawaad labanlaabmaa, iyo in haweenku ku dhowaadaan seddex laab.
Waxaa intaa dheer, noocyada kansarka sanbabada oo badanaaba lagu badalo Montenegro. Laga soo bilaabo 1997 ilaa 2001, korodh weyn oo ku yimid dhacdooyinka unugyada yar ee unugyada unugyada yaryar ayaa lagu xusay ragga iyo dumarka labadaba, inkastoo dhacdooyinka kansarka unugyada yar-yar ee kansarka unugyada yaraaday hoos u dhaceen. In kastoo sigaar-cabbiddu ay waxtar u yeelan karto nooc kasta oo kansarka sambabada ah, waxa ay xidhiidh la leedahay kansarka sanbabada yaryar ee sambabada , iyo kansarka sambabada oo aan laga helin sigaar-cabbid waa kansar sambabeed oo aan caadi ahayn .
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Number 7 - Denmark (Iceland for Women)Danmark waxay leedahay heerka ugu sareeya ee kansarka sanbabada ee ugu badan dunida. Qayb ka mid ah runtii waa qadar badan oo kansarka sanbabada ah, laakiin Danmark ayaa sidoo kale haysa nidaam aad u fiican oo rikoodh ah, taasoo awood u siinaysa kansarka dalkaan in ka badan mid sax ah.
Denmark sidoo kale waa tusaale wanaagsan oo ah sida wacyigelinta sigaarka uu badbaadin karo nolosha. Cudurka kansarka sanbabada ayaa ugu badnaa Danmark sannadkii 1985, waxana uu hadda ku dhacaa ragga (inkastoo ay sii wado korodhka dumarka.)
Marka laga reebo sigaarcabka, waxaa jira xiriir weyn oo u dhexeeya hawada wasakheynta hawada iyo kansarka sanbabada ee Danmark. Kordhinta qashinka hawada ee khatarta ah, iyo sidoo kale gaadiidka waddooyinka, ayaa lala xiriiriyay khatarta, halka dariiqa taraafikada ee meelaha ugu dhow iyo xaddiga nitrogen oxides aysan u muuqan in ay khuseeyaan khatarta.
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Number 8 - Maraykanka of America (Ireland for Women)Maraykanku wuxuu leeyahay 8-da ugu sarreeya kansarka sanbabada adduunka, kansarka sanbabada ee ragga iyo dumarka labaduba waa sababta keentay dhimashada kansarka.
Iyadoo wacyigelinta sigaar cabista, dhacdooyinka kansarka sanbabadu waxay bilaabeen in ay hoos u dhacaan ragga iyo in ay haweenku daba galaan.
Baaritaanka kansarka sanbabada ee loogu talagalay dadka u qalma ayaa dhawaan la ansixiyay, waxaana loo maleynayaa in baaritaanku uu hoos u dhigo geerida (heerka dhimashada) ee kansarka sanbabada 20 boqolkiiba Maraykanka.
Sida gobollada kale ee adduunka, waxaa jira waxyaabo halis ah oo ka baxsan sigaar-cabista, iyo qof kasta oo sambabada ku jira ayaa halis ku jira. Haddii aadan waligaa sigaar cabbin, waa wax cajiib ah, laakiin hubi inaad hubiso sababaha kansarka sanbabada ee aan sigaarka cabbin si aad u aragto haddii aad sii yareeyn karto khatartaada.
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Number 9 - Booliska (Norway ee Haweenka)Poland waxay leedahay 9 dhibcood oo ugu sarreysa kansarka sanbabada adduunka, heerka sigaarka si aad ah loola xiriiro sigaarka. Sanadkii 1990 waxaa loo maleynayay in boqolkiiba 40 ragga ragga ahi ay u dhinteen cudurka iyada oo aaney sabab u ahayn cudurka sigaarka la xiriira. Saamiga sigaarka ayaa hoos u dhacay tan iyo wakhtigaas.
Khatarta kansarka sambabka ee haweenka Polish ayaa wax yar ka duwan, taariikhda qoyska taariikhda kansarka sanbabada oo door ka ciyaara duruufaha. Haweenka jooga Poland, oo leh qaraabo heerka koowaad ah oo qaba kansarka sanbabada ayaa lala xiriirinayaa khatarta aadka u sareysa ee cudurka.
Waxa kale oo ay u muuqataa in haweenka Poland (iyo laga yaabee gobollada kale ee adduunka) ay aad ugu nugul yihiin kansarku in qiiqa tubaakada ay ka roon yihiin ragga. Dumarka ka jira Poland waxay u muuqdaan inay kobcinayaan kansarka sanbabada da'doodu ka yar tahay ragga iyo ka dib sigaarka yar iyo sigaar cabista yar. Dumarka ku nool dalka ayaa sidoo kale ay u badan tahay inay noqdaan kuwo aan sigaar cabbin noloshooda oo dhan.
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Number 10 - Kanada (Boqortooyada Ingiriiska ee Haweenka)Kanada waxay leedahay 10-ka ugu sarreysa ee kansarka sanbabada adduunka, iyo sida Maraykanka oo ah tusaale u ah sida garashada sigaarka uu badbaadin karo nolosha. Hase yeeshee, kansarka sanbabadu weli waa sababta keentay dhimashada kansarka ee ragga iyo haweenka Kanada.
Iyada oo aqoonta xiriirka kansarka sanbabada iyo sigaarcabka iyo dadaalka joojinta sigaarka, dhacdooyinka kansarka sanbabadu waxay bilaabeen inay hoos u dhigaan sanadii 1980-kii. Dhowr sano ka hor Maraykanka oo ah horumarkan, heerka kansarka sanbabada haweenka ma kordhin taniyo 2006.
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