Immunohistochemistry (IHC) waa tijaabo gaar ah oo loo isticmaalo pathologists si loo ogaado meco gaar ah oo unugyada.
Marka tijaabada unugyada sida xinjirta qanjidhka qanjaha naaska laga qaado ayaa loo gudbiyaa shaybaarka si loo baaro cudurka, waxaa jira dhowr faahfaahin oo aan si sahlan loo garan karin.
Dhowr cudur ama noocyo kala duwan ayaa laga yaabaa inay u muuqdaan kuwo isku mid ah ama u muuqda inay leeyihiin unugyada cabbirka ee isku mid ah ee ku jira mikroskoobo laakiin leh dabeecado kala duwan iyo daaweyn kala duwan.
Mid ka mid ah habka looga takhalusi karo waa in la ogaado unugyada gaarka ah ee unugyada kuwaas oo u dhaqma sida calaamadaha.
Immunohistochemistry waa farsamo oo isticmaala unugyada difaaca jirka - meco-ku-ool ah-kaas oo raadsan kara, aqoonsanaya isla markaana ku lifaaqan kara calaamadahaan unugyada. Nidaamka difaaca jirka waxaa loogu talagalay inay la shaqeeyaan calaamadaha la ogaan karo ama la arki karo iyada oo la adeegsanayo mikroskoobo, sida aaladda shucaaca, taas oo ka caawisa sameynta aqoonsi sax ah.
IHC waxay heshay codsiyo badan oo daawooyin ah, gaar ahaan baaritaanka cudurka kansarka. Lymphomas ayaa ka mid ah kansarrada ugu badan ee ku tiirsan IHC si loo helo ogaanshaha saxda ah iyo go'aannada daaweynta.
Wax badan oo ku saabsan Immunohistochemistry
Qeybo ka mid ah cudurada waxaa si fudud loo arki karaa iyada oo la baranayo unugyada shakhsi ahaaneed iyo muuqaalkooda, oo ay ka mid yihiin muuqaalka muuqaalka nukleus, borotiinka unugyada qaarkood, iyo qaabka ama "anatomy normal" ee unugyada, oo loo yaqaan 'morphology'. Qaybaha kale ee cudurku u taagan yahay kormeeraha kaliya marka unugyada laga shakisan yahay lagu arko macnaha guud ee "deriska oo dhan" unugyada.
Qeybaha kale waxay u baahan yihiin falanqeeyn noocyada kala duwan ee loo yaqaan "molecular level-to other words, dhakhaatiirtu waxay u baahan yihiin inay ogaadaan wax soo saarka hiddaha ee gaarka ah-muujinta jinsiyada qaar ku jirta baruurta, ama calaamado lagu ogaan karo antibodies.
Marmarka qaarkood immunohistochemistry waa mid aan waxtar u lahayn oo kaliya in la aqoonsado nooca lymphoma ee keliya laakiin sidoo kale inay gacan ka geysato qaabeynta saadaalinta, oo ku salaysan calaamadaha la xidhiidha habdhaqanka qunyar-socodka ah iyo nooc ka sii daran.
IHC ee Lymphomas
Lymphomas waxaa loo tixgeliyaa malignantiyada lymphocytes ee joojiyay marxaladaha kala duwan ee horumarinta ama kala-duwanaanta, iyo isticmaalka IHC oo leh difaacyo kala duwan oo ka mid ah "guddi" waxay ka caawisaa in la ogaado heerka qaaska ah iyo heerka koritaanka ee lymphoma.
Guddi ka mid ah unugyada difaaca oo kala duwan ayaa loo isticmaalaa si loo arko calaamadaha ku yaala lymphocytes. Calaamaduhu waxay inta badan ka bilaabaan waraaqaha CD. Tusaale ahaan, calaamadaha B-cell (CD20 iyo CD79a), calaamadaha T-cell (CD3 iyo CD5), iyo calaamado kale sida CD23, bcl-2, CD10, cyclinD1, CD15, CD30, ALK-1, CD138 ayaa loo isticmaali karaa kansarrada dhiigga ee kala duwan ama kansarka dhiigga.
Tixgeli lymphoma (FL) qoto dheer oo dheeri ah sida tusaale ahaan waxyaabo kale oo la samayn karo IHC. FL waa nooca labaad ee ugu badan ee caadiga ah ee non-Hodgkin's lymphoma- badan oo ah B-unug B-cell (DLBCL) waa kan ugu badan. FL waa sidoo kale tusaale u ah sida loo yaqaan 'lymphoma', taas oo macnaheedu yahay kansar uu ku sifoobo kobaca gaaban iyo waqtiga dheer ee noolaanshaha, xitaa haddii aan daaweyn lahayn. Waxaa jira tiro badan oo ah kala doorashooyin daaweyn kala duwan ee FL, laakiin cudurku wuxuu siyaabo kala duwan u noqon karaa mid aan ku haboonayn qof ka qof.
Waxaa jira calaamado qiyaasood ah, sida Tusaha Caalamiga ah ee Prognostic iyo, si gaar ah, Indhaha Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) oo kaa caawin kara sawirka nooca FL ee aad la tacaaleyso, iyo sida ay u dhaqmi karto.
Hal dhibic, baadhitaanada IHC ee lymphoma iyo "microenvironment" ayaa la baaray si loo arko haddii natiijooyinka ay isku xiraan dabeecado kala duwan oo caafimaad, sida laga soo xigtay cilmi baarista 2006 ee lagu daabacay "Journal of Oninology."
Ilaha:
Yohe S. Calaamadaha Caadiga ah ee Jeermiska Cudurka ee "Myeloid Leukemia". Ustun C, Godley LA, eds. Wargeyska Daawada Daawada Klinikada. 2015; 4 (3): 460-478.
Lee HJ, Thompson J, Wang ES, iyo al. Philadelphia lymphoblastic lymphoblastic lymphoblastic lymphoblastic-lutephoblastic-kicemia: Daaweynta hadda iyo mustaqbalka mustaqbalka. Kansarka . 2011; 117 (8) 1583-1594.
Somoza AD, Aly FZ. Adeegsiga qalabka molecular ee cytopathology. CytoJournal 2014; 11: 5
Alvaro T, Lejeune M, Salvadó MT, iyo al. Noocyada Immunohistochemical ee Micro-ga Reactive ayaa lala xiriiriyaa dhaqdhaqaaqa rugta daaweynta ee bukaanjiifka qanjirka 'follicles'. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24 (34): 5350-7.
Rao IS. Doorka immunohistochemistry ee lymphoma. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2010; 31 (4): 145-147. doi: 10.4103 / 0971-5851.76201.