Ka hadlidda sababaha hyperthyroidism waxay u baahan tahay in laga wada hadlo fursado aad u badan - cudurka Graves ', thyroiditis, goiter, iyo kuwa kale - marka loo eego celceliska xaaladda. Inkasta oo ay jiraan sifooyin isku dhafan oo dhexdhexaad ah, dhammaantood waxay keenaan qanjirkaaga qanjirka si uu u soo saaro hoormoonka tayroodh badan, sida ay taasi u kala duwan tahay. Sababo yar ayaa farsamo ahaan laga fogaan karo, laakiin intooda badan maahan-oo go'aamiya midka asalka ah ee kiiskaaga gaarka ah u baahan yahay baaritaan.
Sababaha Caadi ahaaneed
Saddexda sababood ee ugu badan ee cudurka qanjirka ' overactive' waa graves ' , qanjirro nodular ama goos goosad ah , iyo thyroiditis .
Qabsashada 'Graves'
Cudurka 'Graves', oo ah xanuunka dhirta 'autoimmune', waa sababta ugu badan ee keenta hyperthyroidism ee Maraykanka. Xanuunka Graves ', nidaamka difaaca qofku wuxuu soo saaraa unugyada difaaca jirka ee ku xidhan unugyada tayroodhka, iyaga oo ku kicinaya inay kor u qaadaan hoormoonka tayroodhka.
Sumada Nodus ama Goiter Multinodular
Gawaarida sunta ah ama goos-goosebiyaha waxaa lagu gartaa hal ama in ka badan oo ah qanjidhada thyroid ama burooyinka soo saara hormoonka thyroid-ka ee xad-dhaafka ah. Marmarka qaarkood buurbuurahan waxaa loo yaqaan "nodules kulul", sababtoo ah waxay soo saaraan radiyaha oo ku jira baaritaanka shucaaca iodine raadiyaha.
Thyroiditis
Qanjirka 'Thyroiditis' waxa loola jeedaa "caabuqa qanjirka thyroid" oo waa erey buste ah oo loogu talagalay cudurro badan oo qanjirka thieroid ah.
Mid ka mid ah tusaale ahaan cudurka thyroiditis-ka waa thyroiditis postpartum, taas oo dhacda kadib haweeney dhalaysa.
Haweenka qaarkood waxay qabaan hyperthyroidism ku meelgaar ah, oo ay ku xigto hypothyroidism ku meelgaar ah, halka dumarka kale ay la kulmaan kaliya hyperthyroidism, iyo waliba kuwa kale, oo kaliya hypothyroidism.
Marka laga reebo xilliga ka dambeeya dhalmada, thyroiditis waxaa sababi kara infekshin (tusaale, bakteeriyada waxyeelada unugyada tirakoobka), daawooyinka qaarkood (tusaale, amiodarone, lithium, ama interferon), shoogga, shucaaca, ama culeyska weyn.
Ugu dambeyntii, thyroiditis subacute (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan de Quervain's thyroiditis) wuxuu keenaa hyperthyroid ku meelgaarka ah kadibna ku-meelgaar ah (inkastoo mararka qaarkood joogto ah) hypothyroidism. Muuqaal farqi ah oo ka yimaada thyroiditis ayaa ah in qofku yeelan doono qanjirro qanjir ah.
Sababaha kale
Inkastoo kiisaska badankood ee hyperthyroidism ay sabab u yihiin kor ku xusan, sababaha kale ayaa sidoo kale loo qaadan karaa:
Daaweynta Hyperthyroidism ee daawada
Qaadashada daawo qotodheer oo badan oo loo yaqaan 'thyroid hormone' - haddii uu shilku dhaco ama is-daaweyn is-daaweyn ah-wuxuu keeni karaa daaweyn ay sababto hyperthyroidism. Qaar ka mid ah tamarta korontada, cuntada, iyo glandular ayaa sidoo kale ku jira qaar ka mid ah hoormoonka tayroodh firfircoon, kaasoo kaa dhigi kara hyperthyroid.
Iodine
Inaad uur qaaddo ama aad qaadato xaddi xad-dhaaf ah oo iodine ah (tusaale, qaadashada iodine ama supplements oo ay ku jirto iodine ) waxay kicin kartaa hyperthyroidism.
Ku-meel-gaadhka ah ee Hyperthyroidism ee Cudurka Hashimoto
Caadi ahaan dadka qaba Hashimoto ee thyroiditis waa hypothyroid, sida unugyada difaaca jirka ee qofku baabiiyo unugyada tayroodh. Xaalado dhif ah, inkastoo, qofku wuxuu hore u ahaan karaa hyperthyroid, ka hor intuusan noqon hypothyroid. Tan waxaa mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan 'Hashitoxicosis'.
Transient hyperthyroidism ee Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Gravidarum Hyperemesis waa cudur naadir ah oo joogto ah oo matagaya iyo matag iyo miisaanka lumay 5 boqolkiiba ama ka badan inta lagu jiro muddada uurka.
Qaar ka mid ah haweenka qaba hyperemesis gravidarum ayaa waxay yeeshaan hyperthyroidism, inkastoo heerarka hoormoonka tayroodhka uu guud ahaan yar yahay.
Pituitary-Hypothyroidism
Qanjirka 'pituitary' waxaa lagu magacaabaa "mastar" qanjiraha, maaddaama ay soo saarto hormoonada dhalisa qanjidhada kale, sida qanjirkaaga qanjirka, si loo sii daayo hormoono kale.
Waxaa jira laba nooc oo ah nooca 'hypertension' hypertension, oo loo yaqaan 'hyperthyroidism'. Nooc ka mid ah waxaa keena buro qanjirka pituitary taasoo ka badaneysa hormoonka kor u kaca, ama TSH (oo loo yaqaan 'pituitary adenoma').
Xitaa rarer waa nooca ku lug leh xad-dhaafka TSH ee qanjirada pituitary sababtoo ah isku-buuqyada hiddaha ee codadka loogu talagalay soo-qaadaha hoormoonka hoormoonka.
Fetal-Neonatal Hyperthyroidism
Cudurada Graves 'ayaa ah sababta ugu badan ee keenta hyperthyroidism ee uurka, inkastoo ay weli tahay mid aan caadi ahayn, oo ka dhacda 1 ka mid ah 1500 haween uur leh, sida laga soo xigtay Ururka Astaamaha Maraykanka.
Haweenkaas qaba cudurka Graves '(ama taariikhda lagu daaweeyo Graves'), qiyaas ahaan boqolkiiba 2 ilaa 5 boqolkiiba ilmahooda cusub ayaa yeesha fetaal ama neonatal hyperthyroidism, taas oo lagu garto calaamado iyo astaamo kala duwan. Qaar ka mid ah waxaa ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa joogtada ah ee soo noqnoqda, garaaca wadnaha oo kor u kacay, miisaanka dhalmada yar, wareegga yar ee madaxa, iyo qanjidhada qanjirada ee ballaaran (goiter).
Genetics
Genetics ayaa door ka ciyaara horumarinta Graves 'hyperthyroidism, sida caddaynta xaqiiqda ah in xayawaanka cudurka Graves' ee qoysaska.
Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in la socdo unugyada qaar (ama haysashada taariikhda qoys ee muhiimka u ah cudurka Graves) ama cudurada kale ee isbeddelka jirka) waxay ka dhigi kartaa qofka in uu ku dhaco qanjirka 'overactive' marka loo eego qof aan lahayn gen.
Taasi waxay tidhi, saynisyahannadu si buuxda uma dhicin dhammaan ururada hidde-dhiga, sidaas awgeed baaritaanka hidda-socodka ayaan hadda lagu sameyn dadka laga shakiyo inay qabaan cudurka Graves.
Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in qaab nololeed ama xaalad deegaanka ah (tusaale ahaan, sigaar-cabidda ama uurka) loo baahan yahay si loo kiciyo bilowga cudurka cudurka thyroid. Sidaa daraadeed qofku wuxuu qaadi karaa hiddo-wadaha kuwaas oo u nugul inay u nugul yihiin cudurka Graves ', laakiin iyada oo aaney dhalin, waxay marnaba horumarinayaan.
Calaamadaha Halista Guud
Iyadoo la ogaanayo sababaha sii kordhin kara khatarta aad u leedahay hyperthyroidism waxay kaa caawin kartaa inaad wada-hadal kula-tashato dhakhtarkaaga oo, laga yaabo inaad kor u qaaddo wacyigaaga calaamadaha kasta ee aad la kulmi karto:
- Dumar ahaan
- Qaadashada taariikh shakhsiyeed ama qooys ah oo ah cudur-sidaha cudur-sidaha (tusaale, rheumatoid arthritis , lupus ama cudur -barar )
- Haysashada taariikh shakhsiyadeed ama qoyseed ee qaaxada, oo ay ku jirto nodules qanjidhka
- Inaad dhawaan uur yeelato
- Sigaar cabid
- Qaadashada daawooyinka iodine ama daaweynta iodine-ka (tusaale ahaan, amiodarone)
- Taabashada naxdinta leh ee qanjirka thyroid
- Inaad ku yar tahay Vitamin D iyo Selenium
- Fekerka walbahaarka nafsadda (tusaale, furiinka ama lammaanaha lumay)
> Ilo:
> Bahn RS et al. Hyperthyroidism iyo Sababaha kale ee Thyrotoxicosis: Tilmaamaha Maareynta ee Tiriimka Maraykanka ee Tirakoobka iyo Ururka Ameerikaanka ee Dhakhtarka Caafimaadka ee Endocrinologists. Tababarka Indhaha. 2011; 17 (Maya 3).
> De Leo S, Lee SY, Braverman LE. Hyperthyroidism. Lance t 2016 Aug 27; 388 (10047): 906-18. dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00278-6
> Marino M, Latrofa F, Menconi F, Chiovato L, Vitti P. Doorka astaamaha hidde iyo kuwa non-genetic ee etiology ee cudurka Graves '. J Endocrinol Invest. 2015 Mar; 38 (3): 283-94.
> DS DS. (2017). Cudurada keena hyperthyroidism. Cooper DS, ed. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Smith TJ, Hegedus L. Cudurka 'Graves'. N Engl J Med . 2016 Oct 20; 375 (16): 1552-65.