Qalalaasaha Horumarka ee Kala Duwan ee aan Kala Badhinin (PDD-NOS)
Qalalaasaha Horumarinta ee Kala Duwan ee aan Lagu Gaari Karin (PDD-NOS), marmarka qaarkood loo yaqaan 'atypical autism', ayaa ahaa-wakhti yar gaaban-qayb ka mid ah baadhitaanka cudurka autism-ka ah. PDD-NOS waxa loo "abuuray" si loo helo carruurta badan oo leh qaar, laakiin aaney dhammaan, calaamadaha cudurka autism.
PDD-NOS ma aha qayb ka mid ah nooca cudurka, inkastoo ay jiraan dhowr iyo toban jir iyo dhalin yaro oo heley calaamadaha cudurka sida socod baradka.
Taariikhda gaaban ee PDD-NOS
DSM waa buug tilmaamaya dhammaan xanuunka maskaxda iyo koritaanka. Waxaa jira 5 nooc oo DSM ah, mid kastana wuu ka duwan yahay kuwa kale. Xanuunada maskaxda iyo koritaanka, oo ka duwan xanuunada jirka, waxay badanaa ku xiran yihiin caadooyinka bulshada; Sidaa darteed, tusaale ahaan, khaniisnimada ayaa muddo dheer loo tixgeliyey inuu yahay jirro maskaxeed laakiin aan ku jirin liiska DSM. Cudurrada cusub, sida qaboojinta, ayaa lagu daray.
PDD-NOS ee DSM-IV (Ka dib 2013)
DSM-IV waxaa lagu qoray 1994. Waxaa ku jira, markii ugu horreysay iyo ugu dambaysay, autism ayaa loo qaybiyey shan qaybood oo kala duwan. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah jirro autism, Asperger syndrome, iyo PDD-NOS. DSM-IV, autism spectrum waa magac kale oo loogu talagalay cudurada maskaxda ee maskaxda ah (PDDs) , oo ah qayb ka mid ah baaritaano la xidhiidha astaamaha qaar. Ootiisimka 'atypical autism' magac kale oo loogu magac daray mid ka mid ah shanta cudur- aqoonsi ee autism- ka ee rasmiga ah: Dhibaatada maskaxda ee maskaxeed oo aan si kale loo cayimin (PDD-NOS) .
Halkan waxaa ah sida PDD-NOS looga soocay PDD-ga kale:
Qeybtan waa in loo adeegsadaa marka ay jirto naafonimo daran oo qotodheer ku ah horumarinta isdhexgalka bulshada ee isdhexgalka ama xirfadaha isgaadhsiinta iyo hadalka, ama marka dabeecadaha la isku haysto, danaha, iyo waxqabadyada ay joogaan, laakiin shuruudaha looma kulmin horumar gaar ah oo qoto-dheer xanuunka, shisoofrani, khalkhalka shakhsi ahaaneed ee shakhsiga, ama xanuunka shakhsiyeed ee laga fogaado. Tusaale ahaan, qaybtaani waxaa ka mid ah "atypical autism" - soo bandhigyo aan buuxinayn shuruudaha xanuunka autism sababtoo ah da 'yar ee hore, astaamaha astaamaha ah, ama calaamadaha ku-xigeenka hoose, ama dhammaan kuwaan.
Haddii ilmahaaga lagaa baaray PDD-NOS (ama "atypical autism"), waxa loola jeedaa inuu leeyahay astaamo tiro yar oo lagu ogaanayo cudurka autism ama Asperger syndrome , iyo calaamadaha khaldan ee lagu ogaado cudurka Rett syndrome ama Dhibaatada Nafaqada Carruurnimada . Hase yeeshee, wuxuu heley baadhitaan caafimaad oo rasmi ah taas oo micnaheedu ahaa inuu qabo cudurro maskaxeed oo weyn.
PDD-NOS Maanta
Sannadkii 2013, DSM-5 ayaa la daabacay. Kobcinta DSM-5 waxay samaysay go'aamo aad u muhiim ah oo lagu burburinayo dhammaan shanta cudur ee cudurka autism-ka ee ka yimaadda DSM-IV oo ku jira hal baaris oo keliya: cudurka autism-ka ee maskaxda. Natiijo ahaan, dadka qaba cudurka afarta ah ee kale waxay si lama filaan ah uga lumeen cudurkooda.
Isbedelkan, dabcan, wuxuu ka codsanayaa su'aasha: haddii ilmahaygu qabo cudurka "atypical autism" ama PDD-NOS, miyuu leeyahay autistic? Jawaabta waa haa ... iyo maya.
HAA: Sida laga soo xigtay DSM-IV, ilmo lagu aqoonsan yahay PDD-NOS, dhab ahaan, ayaa lagu sheegay inuu qabo cudurka autism-ka. Iyo, sida laga soo xigtay DSM-5, haddii cunuggaaga lagu ogaado nooca autism ah ee hoos timaadda DSM-IV, cudurkaas lama tirtiri karo.
MAYA: Haddii ilmahaaga lagaa siiyay PDD-NOS, isaga ama iyadu ma helin calaamadaha saxda ah ee la filayo qofka qaba cudurka autism.
Natiijo ahaan, haddii isaga ama iyadu ay tahay in la qiimeeyo maanta, waxaa jira fursad uu isagu ama iyadu aysan ku haboonayn shuruudaha cusub ee autismka.
Miyay dadka ka soo baaraan PDD-NOS inay qabaan calaamado sahlan ?
Dhab ahaan, baaritaanka PDD-NOS macnaheedu ma aha in calaamadaha ilmuhu ay yihiin kuwo fudud ama yareynaya, kaliya ma aha inay gebi ahaanba ku dhacaan shuruudaha lagu ogaanayo cudurka kale ee la xariira sida cudurka Asperger ama autistic disorder. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, waxaa suurtagal ah in la helo cudurka dhimirka ee 'atypical autism' / PDD-NOS oo si xun u naafo ah .
Si xiiso leh, inkasta, caruur badan iyo dad waaweyn oo qaada ogaanshaha cudurka dhimirka ee 'atypical autism' / PDD-NOS xaqiiq ahaan waxay leeyihiin astaamo fudud.
Daraasad lagu barbardhigayo shakhsiyaadka qaba xanuunka 'atypical autism' / PDD-NOS ayaa baaritaan ku sameeya shakhsiyaadka qaba cudurka dabiiciga ah ee kale ee gaar ah,
Natiijooyinka: Marka la eego heerka tallaabooyin shaqeynaya, carruurta PDD-NOS waxay leeyihiin dhibco u dhexeeya kuwa ka mid ah carruurta qabta cudurka autism iyo kuwa leh AS. Taa ka soo horjeeda, kooxda PDD-NOS waxay leeyihiin calaamado autistic ka yar, gaar ahaan dabeecadaha la isku celceliyo, marka loo eego labada autism iyo AS (chi2 = 11.06, p = .004). Carruurta leh PDD-NOS waxaa lagu dari karaa mid ka mid ah saddexda kooxood: koox sare (24%) oo u eg AS; oo ah koox hoosaad ah oo la mid ah autism (24%), laakiin cillado soo daahay oo soo daahay ama dib u dhac aad u daran ama si aad ah u yaryar si loo yareeyo shuruudaha lagu ogaanayo cudurka autismka; iyo koox (52%) oo aan buuxin shuruudaha autism-ka sababtoo ah dabeecado aan fiicnayn oo soo noqnoqonaya.
In kasta oo qaybaha otomaatikada ay aad u adag tahay in ay kala soocaan, hadana macquul maaha wax calaamado ah oo cunuggaagu helayo. Sababtoo ah daaweyntu waxay ku talineysaa kala duwanaanta korniinka cunugaada inay u egtahay mid aad u egyahay iyada oo aan loo eegin waxa loo yaqaan 'autism spectrum scape' o: dabeecad degdeg ah iyo / ama daaweynta koritaanka, oo ay weheliso daaweynta hadalka, shaqada iyo jirka. Markuu ilmahaagu koro da 'wayn, isaga ama iyadu waxay sidoo kale hubaal ahaan kugula talin doonaan nooc ka mid ah daaweynta xirfadaha bulshada sidoo kale.
Ilaha:
> Allen DA, Steinberg M, Dunn M, Fein D, Feinstein C, Waterhouse L, Rapin I. "Dhibaatada autism-ka oo ka dhalata cudurrada kale ee koritaanka ee carruurta yaryar: mid isku mid ah ama ka duwan?" Euriyatarka maskaxeed ee dhalinyarada 2001 Mar; 10 (1): 67-78.
> Machadka Qaranka ee Caafimaadka Carruurta iyo Horumarka Aadanaha. Bogga Xaqiiqda ee Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs).
> Walker DR, iyo al. "Is barbardhig PDD-NOS: marka la barbardhigo PDD-NOS, syndrome Asperger, iyo autism." J Am Acad Cilmi-nafsi Maskaxeed ee Dhallin-yarada. 2004 Feb; 43 (2): 172-80.