Ciladeynta Hypothyroidism, Cancer Cancer iyo More
Marka laga soo tago qiimeyn kiliinikada gaar ah , xaaladaha thyroid waxay u baahan yihiin baaritaanyo gaar ah iyo habraacyo si loo xaqiijiyo ogaanshaha. Qodobka soo socda ayaa dib u eegaya shuruudaha kala duwan ee cudurka.
Hypothyroidism
Si loo caawiyo baarista cudurka ama loo yaqaan 'hypothyroidism, dhakhaatiirta ayaa caadi ahaan bilaabi doona tijaabada dhiigga kaasoo cabbira hormoonka kor u qaada (TSH).
Laga soo bilaabo Spring 2003, shaybaarada Maraykanka intooda badani waxay lahaayeen heer caadi ah laga bilaabo illaa 0.5 ilaa 5.5. Si kastaba ha noqotee, Ururka American Endocrinologist ayaa dhowaan soo jeediyay in heerka caadiga ah loo rogo 0.3 ilaa 3.0. Marka la eego 5.5 oo ah dhammaadka ugu sarreeya ee heerka caadiga ah , TSH ka sarreeya heerkaas ayaa loo tixgeliyaa hypothyroid. Hase yeeshee, tilmaamaha cusub, si kastaba ha ahaatee, TSH ka sarreysa 3.0 ayaa lagu ogaan karaa cudurka hypothyroid.
Fiiro gaar ah: Qaar ka mid ah dhakhaatiirta ayaa aaminsan in heerarka TSH ay tahay in lagu hayo heerarka hoose xilliga uurka. (Fiiri Maxay yihiin Hababka Cus-ga ee caadiga ah inta lagu jiro Xilliga Labaad ee Uurka? )
Tijaabooyinka kale ee dhiigga ee la samayn karo si loogu caawiyo baaritaanka hypothyroidism waxaa ka mid ah:
- Tirada guud ee T4 (Wadarta Thyroxine) - heerkul dhan T4 oo ay weheliso qadar kacsan TSH waxay muujin kartaa hypothyroidism.
- T4 oo bilaash ah (Thyroxine lacag la'aan ah) - heer T4 oo bilaash ah oo ay weheliso sarre sareeya waxay muujin kartaa hypothyroidism.
- Tirada guud ee T3 ( Wadarta Triiodotyronine ) - heerka Total T3 oo ay weheliso sarre sareeya TSH waxay muujin kartaa hypothyroidism.
- T3 lacag la'aan ah (Triiodotyronine Free) - heer T3 oo bilaash ah oo ay weheliso qadar kacsan TSH waxay muujin kartaa hypothyroidism.
Cudurka Hashimoto
Hashimoto's thyroiditis waa cudur-wadid-baxa ah kaas oo ah sababta ugu badan ee keenta hypothyroidism. Astaamaha ' Hashimoto' ee bukaan-socodka thyroiditis waxay lahaan doonaan qiimaha sarreeya ee TT iyo T3 iyo T4 (ama T3 iyo T4 Free T4).
Feejignaan aad u sarreeya oo tayo-qab ah oo tayroodh ah - Tijaabada anti-TPO gaar ahaan - sidoo kale waa caan ku ah cudurka Hashimoto.
Murgaarada 'Cudurrada' iyo Hyperthyroidism
Baadhitaanka hyperthyroidism waxay u baahan tahay qiimeyn buuxda oo caafimaad, oo uu dhakhtarku baaro bukaanka iyo qanjirka. Hyperthyroidism badanaa waxaa lagu xaqiijin karaa isticmaalka TSH, T4 (ama bilaash T4 ), T3 (ama bilaash T3) iyo baaritaanada raadiyaha raadiyaha Iodine (RAI-U). Baaritaanka Raadiyaha Iodine Iodine (RAI-U), taas oo muujinaysa qanjidhka iyo awoodda ay u leedahay in uu soo nuugo iodine, ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa in lagu ogaado hyperthyroidism, waxayna gacan ka geysan kartaa in la go'aamiyo in cudurka hyperthyroid uu keeno cudurka Graves. Diagnosing Cudurka 'Graves' ayaa sidoo kale had iyo jeer ku lug leh caddaynta Daawooyinka Qaadashada Daawada Thyroid Reseptor Antibodies (TRAb) / Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulins (TSI).
Faahfaahin buuxda oo ku saabsan sida cudurka Graves 'iyo' hyperthyroidism 'loo aqoonsado ayaa lagu sharxay maqaalkan: Cilad-sheegashada Jirrooyinka' Cudurrada '/ Hyperthyroidism .
Goiter
Qaar ka mid ah talaabooyinka waxay ku lug lahaan karaan baaritaanka goo goynta:
- Baaritaanka iyo kormeerida ballaarinta qoorta
- Baaritaanka dhiigga si loo ogaado haddii uu qoyskagu soo saaro qiyaas aan caadi ahayn ee hoormoonka tayroodh
- Baaritaanka antibodies , si loo xaqiijiyo cudurka infalawansada kaas oo noqon kara sababaha aad ujirtaada
- Imtixaan ultrasound ah oo lagu qiimeeyo xajmiga ballaarinta
- Rugta sawir-baadhista sheybaarka ah ee loo yaqaan 'thyroid scan' si loo soo saaro sawir tayroodh ah oo bixiya macluumaad muqaal ah oo ku saabsan dabeecadda qanjirka 'thyroid' (xusuusta: sababtoo ah waxyeello u geysata tayroodhka ilmaha, kuwan looma dhicin inta uurka ama naas-nuujinta)
Nodules
Nodules badanaa waxaa lagu qiimeeyaa hababka soo socda:
- Baadhitaanka dhiigga, si loo go'aamiyo bal in noodarku uu soo saaro hoormoonka tayroodhka
- Raadsashada Iodine Iodine (RAI-U)
- Ultrasound ee qanjirkaaga, si loo ogaado in noodule yahay mid adag ama dheecaan buuxsamay
- Cadaadis jilicsan ama cirbadda lagaa soo qaaday ee qanjidhadaada, si loo qiimeeyo in noodule (s) ay noqon karaan kansar
Laga soo bilaabo 2011, hannaan udub dhexaad ah oo loo adeegsado cirbadaha yar yar ayaa la heli karaa, taas oo ka takhalusta natiijooyinka baadhitaanka FNA-ga ee aan caddayn oo aan dhammeystirnayn. Baaritaankan waxaa lagu magacaabaa " Veracyte Afirma" .
Cancer Cancer
Ciladda kansarka qanjirada waxaa ku jiri kara dhowr habab iyo baaritaano, oo ay ku jiraan baaritaanka jireed, biopsy, imtixaanka sawirka , iyo baaritaanka dhiigga. Maqaalkani wuxuu bixinayaa aragtida guud ee habka cudurka dabiiciga ah.
Guud ahaan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, qof kasta oo ka baxsan bukaanka uurka leh, RAI-U ayaa loo sameeyaa si loo caawiyo in la ogaado haddii qanjiradu qaboobaan, taas oo macnaheedu yahay inay leeyihiin awood weyn oo ah inay noqdaan kansar.
Haddii noodule lagu tuhunsan yahay in uu yahay kansar, waxaa la sameeyaa biopsy finan ah (FNA) . Dheecaan iyo unugyo ayaa laga soocaa qaybo kala duwan oo ah nodule, kadibna tijaabooyinkan ayaa markaa lagu qiimeeyaa cilmi-baaraha. Inta u dhaxaysa 60 iyo 80 boqolkiiba baaritaannada FNA waxay muujinayaan in noodule uu yahay mid wanaagsan. Kaliya qiyaastii mid ka mid ah 20ka FNA ayaa muujinaya kansar. Inta ka hartay kiisaska waxaa lagu magacaabaa "shaki." Caadi ahaan, qanjidhada shakiga leh waxaa lagaa saaraa qalliinka biopsy, si loo ciribtiro ama loo ogaado kansarka.
Xigasho
Braverman, MD, Lewis E., iyo Robert D. Utiger, MD. Werner iyo Ingbar's The Thyroid: Qoraalka Aasaasiga ah iyo Daawada. 9th ed. , Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW), 2005.