Fasallada cusub ee daroogada ayaa bixiya xakameyn glycemic ah
Daaweynta nooca 2aad ee sonkorowga ayaa la bedelay tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay iyada oo la bilaabayo daawooyinka cusub, fasallada daroogada, iyo hababka daaweynta. Horumarahani waxay bixiyaan sonkorowga noocyo kala duwan oo daaweyn isku dhafan oo awood u leh in ay bixiyaan xakamaynta glycemic muddo dheer.
Daawooyinka la ansixiyay ayaa la jebiyey fasalka daroogada, mid kastoo ka mid ah oo bixiya habab kala duwan oo ficil ah.
DPP-4 Waxyeelayaasha
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) waxay ku shaqeeyaan xannibaadda DPP-4 enzyme kaas oo baabi'inaya hormoonka hormone. Incretins waxay caawiyaan jirku inuu soo saaro insulin badan marka loo baahdo oo la yareeyo caddadka gulukooska ee uu soo saaro beerka marka aan loo baahneyn. Waxaa hadda jira shan ka hortagayaasha DPP-4 oo ay ogolaatay Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka ee Maraykanka (FDA):
- Januvia (sitagliptin)
- Galvus (vildagliptin)
- Onglyza (saxagliptin)
- Tradjenta (linagliptin)
- Nesina (alogliptin)
Incretin Mimetics
Sida magaca magaciisa, mimetics mintetin ku shaqeynaya iyadoo la jaanqaadka ficilka dambiilayaasha si loo kobciyo soosaarka insulinta . Waxay sidoo kale hoos u dhigaan heerka dheef-shiidka si markaa gulukoosku dhiigga u galo si tartiib ah.
Waxaa jira shan miino oo miino ah oo hadda ay ansixisay FDA oo ay ku bixiso cirbado waxaana loo isticmaalaa dadka aan awoodin inay xakameeyaan sonkorta dhiigooda iyagoo isticmaalaya daawooyinka afka:
- Byetta (exenatide)
- Victoza (liraglutide)
- Trulicity (dulaglutide)
- Tanzeum (albiglutide)
- Lyxumia (lixisenatide)
Sidoo kale loo yaqaan ' GLP-1 agonists' , daawooyinka waxaa loo isticmaalaa daaweyn afka ah waxayna soo galaan qalim gelinta jirka. Ma aha insulin ama in loo isticmaalo meeshii insulin.
Xakamaynta Sodium-Glucose-2 Soo-saarayaasha
Cunnayaasha soodhiyamka ee soodhaweyn-2 (SSGT-2) waxay awoodi karaan inay hoos u dhigto sonkorta dhiigga iyagoo kelyaha u keenaya in ay ka saaraan glucose jirka kaadida.
Waxaa jira saddexda xulasho ee daroogada loo yaqaan 'FDA'
- Invokana (canagliflozin)
- Farxiga (dapagliflozin)
- Jardiyan (empagliflozin)
Amylin Analogs
Amylin analogs ayaa ah qaababka samaynta maadada hormoonka amylin ee loo isticmaalo boogaha si loo yareeyo heerarka sonkorta dhiigga. Amylin analogs ayaa sidoo kale lagu bixiyaa cirbadeynta waxaana la isticmaalaa insulin si loo xakameeyo sonkorta dhiigga. Waxaa hadda jira hal xulasho FDA-ansax ah:
- Symlin (pramlintide acetate)
Sulfonylureas
Sulfonylureas waa daawooyinka ugu dambeeyay ee sonkorowga iyo, illaa 1995, kuwa keliya ee la heli karo ee maareeya nooca 2aad ee sonkorowga. Sulfonylureas waxay ku shaqeyneysaa kicinta beeryarada si ay u sii daayaan insulin dheeri ah dhiigga.
Waxaa jira dhowr jiil oo sulfonylureas ah; labaad iyo saddexaad ayaa ah kuwa ugu badan ee la qoro. Kuwa ka socda imtixaanka FDA:
- Jiilka kowaad: Orinase (tolbutamide), Tolinase (tolazamide), iyo Diabinese (chlorpropamide)
- Jiilka labaad: Glucotrol (glipizide), Micronase (glyburide), iyo Diabeta (glyburide)
- Jiilka Saddexaad: Amaryl (glimepiride)
Biguanides
Biguanidku waxay hoos u dhigtaa xaddiga gulukooska ee uu soo saaro beerka markaad jidhka ka dhigayso mid xasaasi u ah insulinta. Waxaa jira laba shuruudood oo FDA ah oo la ansaxiyey oo ah isla daroogada:
- Glucophage (metformin)
- Glucophage XR (metformin sii-fidinta sii-fidisa)
Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor waxay dib u dhigtaa beddelidda carbohydrateska si glucose ah inta lagu jiro dheefshiidka. Tani waxay ka caawisaa in la nidaamiyo heerarka gulukooska ee dhiigga waxayna ka hortagaan sonkorta inay kor u kacdo. Waxaa jira laba doorasho oo hadda ay ansixisay FDA:
- Precose (acarbose)
- Glyset (miglitol)
Thiazolidinediones
Thiazolidinediones waxay dareemaan murqaha iyo unugyada dufanka si ay u aqbalaan insulin si ka fudud. Labaduba waxay khatar gelinayaan halista caafimaad ee u baahan talo-bixin takhasus ah ka hor inta aan la bilaabin daaweynta. FDA ayaa ogolaatay laba daawo thiazolidinion ee Maraykanka:
- Avandia (rosiglitazone)
- Actos (pioglitazone)
Bishii Maajo 2007, FDA waxay soo saartay digniin nabadgelyo ah oo ku saabsan khatarta wadno xanuunka wadnaha iyo dhacdooyinka kale ee wadnaha iyo xididdada wadnaha marka la qaadanayo Avandia. Welwel la mid ah ayaa keenay in la mamnuucay Avandia iyo Actos ee Faransiiska iyo Jarmalka.
Meglitinides
Meglitinides waxay gacan ka geysan kartaa kicinta wax soo saarka insuliinta haddii uu jiro glucose dhiiga ku jira. Haddii sonkorta dhiigu hoos u dhacdo, daroogadu aad ayay u yar tahay. Fadhiyada la ogolaaday ee FDA waxaa ka mid ah:
- Prandin (repaglinide)
- Starlix (neclinide)
> Isha:
> Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka Mareykanka. "Daawooyinka Diabeteska ee FDA-la Ansixiyay." Silver Spring, Maryland.