Bioavailability iyo bioequivalence waa ereyada loo isticmaalo farshaxanka si loo sharaxo ficilada gaarka ah iyo sifooyinka alaabada daawada.
Bioavailability wuxuu qeexayaa qofka qiyaasta daawada loo qaato ee ku jira wareegga firfircoon ee dhiigga marka daawada loo isticmaalo afka, xididada ama wax kasta oo kale (sida, malawadka, sublingual, sanka, transdermal, iwm)
Sida qeexidda, daroogada lagu gudbiyo xididada ayaa leh bioavailability 100% tan iyo markii si toos ah loogu dhiibo dhiigga.
Waxaa jira dhowr arrimood oo saameyn kara bioavailability daroogo. Waxay ka mid yihiin waxyaabo kale:
- Qodobada jirka ee daroogada, oo ay ku jiraan daroogada nuska ah
- Qorshaha daroogada (tusaale ahaan, si deg deg ah loo sii daayo, waqtiga sii deynta)
- Caafimaadka bukaanka ee bukaanka
- Da'da bukaan-socodka, oo saameyn ku yeelan kara xawaaraha qiyaasta daaweynta dheef-shiid kiimikaadka
- Haddii daroogada la qaato ama aan cunto lahayn
- Kombiyuutarka (kelyaha) iyo hawlaha beerka (beerka), oo saameeya daroogada
Isdhexgalka daawooyinka kale ama cunto ayaa sidoo kale si toos ah u faragalin kara bioavailability. Daaweynta HIV / AIDS , tusaale ahaan, daroogada antiretroviral Norvir (ritonavir) ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu "xoojiyo" xaddiga daawada kale ee daroogada HIV -waxaa kale oo kordhiya habka loo yaqaan " Viagra" ( sida sildenafil citrate) . In sidaas la sameeyo, waxay si weyn u kordhin kartaa nolosha nuska ah ee Viagra iyada oo la weyneynayo dhibaatooyinka soo raaca.
Taa bedelkeeda, magnesium-ka iyo aluminium ku salaysan (sida Tums ama Milk of Magnesia) waxay si weyn u yareeyn kartaa bioavailability daawooyinka HIV-ga marka ay isku mar la wadaagaan - illaa 74% daawooyinka sida Tivicay (dolutegravir) - iyo, marka sidaas la samaynayo, waxaa suuragal ah in la yareeyo ujeedooyinka daaweynta.
Biyo-takoorka waa erey lagu isticmaalo farshaxanka si loo qeexo laba daawo oo kala duwan oo, oo ku salaysan saamigooda iyo nabadgelyadooda, asalkoodu waa isku mid.
Maamulka Cuntada iyo Maandooriyeyaasha Mareykanka (FDA) wuxuu qeexayaa midabtakoor la'aanta sida "maqnaanshaha farqiga u dhexeeya xaddiga iyo heerka ay ku jirto qaybta firfircoon ama firfircoon ee daawooyinka la midka ah ee daawooyinka ama hababka daawooyinka ayaa laga heli karaa goobta daawada daroogada marka la Daawo isku mid ah oo moos ah oo shuruudo la mid ah daraasad habboon oo loo qorsheeyey. "
Bioavailability iyo bioequivalence waxay si toos ah iskugu xirxiraan sida bioavailability (sida, isbarbardhiga halbeeg ee hal daroogo oo midba midka kale) waa mid ka mid ah tallaabooyinka loo adeegsaday qiimeynta daroogada daroogada.
Oggolaanshaha FDA, daroogada guud waa inay muujiso 90% isku-kalsoonaanta kalsoonida (CI) labadaba iyo heerka bioavailability marka la barbar dhigo kuwa asal ahaan, daroogo tixraac ah.
> Ilo:
> Muirhead, G .; Wuff, M .; Goobidda, A .; et al. "Isdhexgalka farmashiga ee u dhaxeeya sildenafil iyo saquinavir / ritonavir." Somali Journal of Pharmacology Clinic. Agoosto 2000; 50 (2): 99-107.
> Song, I .; Borland, J .; Arya, N .; et al. "Saameynta kalsiyumka iyo macdanta birta ee daawooyinka farmasokinetiga ee > dolutegravir > maadooyinka caafimaadka leh." 15-aad ee aqoon-is-weydaarsiga caalamiga ah ee ku saabsan Farshaxanka Daawada ee Hiv iyo Daaweynta Cagaarshowga; Washington, DC; May 19-21, 2014; Abstract P_13.
> Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka ee Maraykanka (FDA). "Tilmaamaha Sayniska: Bioavailability iyo Daraasadaha Bioequecanatiinta ee Mukhaadaraadka Mukhaadaraadka ah ee Maamulida - Meelmarinta Guud." Silver Springs, Maryland.