Isbeddelada jirkaada ka dib markaad dhicisid ayaa kordhin karta halista kansarka
Halka transplantation kedib ay si cad u tahay daaweynta ugu doorbiday kalyo-foosh la'aan, (iyo garaacista on saalilis maalin kasta), ma imanayso iyada oo aan halis ah. Waxyaalahaas ayaa ka mid ah arrimaha sida khatarta sii kordheysa ee infakshanka, ka-dib-u-dhejinta kaadi-sonka , khatarta sii kordhaysa ee noocyada kansarka qaarkood.
Dadka intooda badan ee tixgeliya kelyaha beddelka kelyaha ah sida ikhtiyaarka daaweynta waxay qaadanayaan hakad marka ay ogaadaan xaqiiqda markii ugu horeysay.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, barnaamij wanaagsan oo ku-meel-gaar ah ayaa badanaa dabooli doona suurtogalnimada kansarka iyada oo qayb ka ah la-talinta ka hortagga uur-ku-jirta.
Kansarka Lagu Kala Qayb Qaadashada Qalitaanka Kelyaha Lagu Helo La-talin Ku Saabsan?
Marka la barbardhigo dadweynaha guud, qofka qaata kelyaha xubin kelyaha ayaa la kulmi doona halis sare oo ah nooc ka mid ah malignancies. Liisku waa mid aad u ballaaran, oo ku sii fidaya in ka badan laba nooc oo noocyo kala duwan oo kansar ah. Si kastaba ha noqotee, qaar ka mid ah kuwa caadiga ah waa:
- Kansarka maqaarka, oo ay ku jiraan melanoma
- Kansarka habka hematologi / kansarrada dhiiga, lymphoma
- Kansarka Kelyaha, labadaba kaniiniga hooyo, iyo sidoo kale kelyaha cusub ee la karsan
- Kansarrada mareenka caloosha iyo mindhicirka - goobaha waxaa ku jiri kara xiidmaha, malawadka, beeryarada, iwm
- Kansarka sanbabada
Arrin muhiim ah oo lagu farxo halkan ayaa ah in uunan ahayn kelyo beddel ah oo kelyaha qaata khatarta sare ee kansarrada. Qaadashada xubnaha kale ee xubnaha taranka waxay la kulmaan halisyo isku mid ah, laakiin noocyada kansarrada ee la arkay, oo ku sheega kuwa qaba sambabada unugyada, waxay ka duwanaan kartaa halista kansarka kuwa qaada kelyaha.
Maxay Sababta Kordhinta Khatarta
Fikrado caan ah oo ka mid ah dadka qaata waxa weeye "kansar ayaa soo gelaya xubinta taranka." Inkastoo tani macquul tahay, ma aha sababta ugu badan ee qofku u kordho kansar ka dib marka la helo xubin kelyo ah. Halkan waxaa ku qoran sharaxaad ka badan:
- Daaweynta Immunosuppressive: Sida aad u ogaan karto, helitaanka xubin kelyaha ah waa in ay daawo qaadaan si aad u xakamayso nidaamka difaaca jirka. Caadi ahaan daawooyinkan ayaa u baahan in la sii wado si aan dhammaad lahayn. Qaar ka mid ah daawooyinka loo isticmaalo ujeedadaas ka dib markii qalliinka lagu bedelo ayaa kordhin karta khatarta aad uga badan tahay kuwa kale.
Tusaale ahaan, daawooyinka difaaca jirka ee bartilmaameedyada noocyada unugyada dhiigga cad (tusaale, OKT3 ama serum antimmokocyte serum) waxay si weyn u kordhinaysaa halista wax la yiraahdo "lenfoproliferative disorder post-transplant" ama PTLD. Si kastaba ha noqotee, had iyo jeer, waa heerka cabbirka / heerka difaaca jirka ee ku saleysnaa daawooyinka difaaca jirka ee kala duwan, halkii tayada daawada gaarka ah, taas oo kordhinaysa khatarta kansarka.
Habka sahlan ee lagu fahmo fikraddan waa in la ogaado in unugyada kansarku si joogta ah looga soo saaro jirkeena, guud ahaan. Sababta aynaan u sameyneynin kansar cusub maalin walba waa sababta oo ah unugyada kansarka "lone-golf" ayaa lagu aqoonsaday nidaamkayaga difaaca jirka isla markaana lagu burburiyay bilowgii hore. Sidaa daraadeed nidaamkeena difaaca ma aha oo kaliya habka difaaca ee looga hortago infekshannada, sidoo kale waa habka difaaca oo ka soo horjeeda wax soo saarka unugyada aberrant (taas oo markasta noqon karta kansar). Xakameynta nidaamkan difaaca jirka ayaa sidaas darteed kordhin doona halista kansarka.
- Infakshannada: Cudurrada fayraska ah qaarkood ayaa si gaar ah u kordhiya khatarta kansarka. Dadka qaata kelyaha ayaa la kulma halis weyn oo ah fayruska fayraska sababtoo ah xaalad difaac ah. Caabuqyada ayaa ku dhufan kara adigoo maareynaya isla markaana moodaya mishiinnada unugyada unugyada (DNA-da mararka qaarkood). Tani waxay noqon kartaa mid ka mid ah sharraxaad suuragal ah sababta infekshanka fayrasku u kordhiyo halista kansarka.
Tusaalooyinka fayraskan waxaa ka mid ah Fayraska Epstein-Barr (taas oo kordhisa halista lymphoma), Virus Human Herpes-8 (oo la xidhiidha Kaposi sarcoma), iyo Human Papilloma Virus (oo la xidhiidha kansarka maqaarka).
Maxaad Sameyn Kartaa Inaad Dhimato Khatartaada Kansarka ah?
Barashada in aad halis dheeraad ah ugu jirto kansarka waa mid cabsi leh oo laga yaabo in aad rabto inaad dib u eegto qaadista xubin, laakiin diidista xubin jirka ah sababtoo ah waxay kordhinaysaa khatarta mustaqbalka ee kansarrada aan caadi ahaan lagula talin inta badan khatarta dhimashada kalyaha Waqtiga gaaban wuxuu badanaa ka badinayaa halista kansarka. Sidaa daraadeed, ka dib markaad la tashato talaalka ka hortagga uur-qaadista, iyo markaad hesho xubin ka mid ah kelyaha, baaritaanka kansarka ayaa lagula talinayaa inay qayb ka tahay habka caadiga ah ee daryeelka caadiga ah ee loo yaqaan 'transplant post-care transplant' si loo yareeyo khatarta.
Bulshada Reer Miyuusikada Mareykanka (AST) ayaa daabacday tilmaamo loogu talagalay baaritaanka kansarka kuwa qaba kelyo beerista.
Halkan waxaa ku qoran sawir guud oo ah baaritaanada caadiga ah (qaar ka mid ah talooyinkaan baadhitaanku waxay la mid yihiin kuwa guud):
- Kansarka maqaarka: Qofka qaata bedelka waxaa la weydiiyaa inuu iska baaro bishiiba si uu u eego jiiro aan caadi aheyn / dhibco iwm. Tani waxay ku xiran tahay baaritaanka maqaarka ee sanadlaha ah oo laga yaabo inay sameeyaan dhakhtar maqaayad.
- Kansarka naasaha: Haweenka ka weyn 50 sanadood, raajada baarista naasaha ee sanadka ama iyada oo aan la baarin naasaha ayaa lagula talinayaa. Baaritaanka la midka ah waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu tixgeliyo haweenka da'doodu ka weyn tahay 40 jir, haddii dhakhtarka iyo bukaanka ay dareemaan in loo baahan yahay.
- Kansarka qanjidhka 'Prostate': Sanadka oo dhan baaritaanka malawadka iyo baaritaanka PSA ee ragga da'doodu ka weyn tahay 50 jir.
- Kansarka mindhicirka / raajada: Colonoscopy-ka 10-kii sano ee ka dambeeya da'da 50, iyo baaritaanka sanbabka ee sanadka si loo ogaado dhiig.
Samee sida ugu fiican ee qorshahaaga loogu qorsheeyo baadhitaanadaas si loo yareeyo khatartaada.
> Ilo:
> Tonelli M et al. Dib-u-eegis nidaamsan: kelyo beddelidda kalyaha oo la barbardhigay sifaynta sambabada ee natiijooyinka rugta caafimaad ee la xidhiidha. 2011 Oct; 11 (10): 2093-109. doi: 10.1111 / j.1600-6143.2011.03686.x. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
> Engels EA et al. Khatarta ah ee khatarta kansarka ee ka dhexjirta xubnaha qaata xubnaha jirka Maraykanka. JAMA. 2011 Nov 2; 306 (17): 1891-901. doi: 10.1001 / jama 2011.1592.
> Desai R et al. Kansarka gudbinta ee ka yimid xubin-bixiyeyaasha xubnaha-halista lakiin khatarta yar. Transplantation. 2012 Dec 27; 94 (12): 1200-7. doi: 10.1097 / TP.0b013e318272df41.
> Buell JF iyo al. Qalitaanka ka dib markii loo bedelay. Transplantation. 2005 Oct 15; 80 (2 Sahay): S254-64.
> Kasiske BL et al. Talooyinka loogu talagalay ilaalinta bukaan socodka ee dadka qaata kalyaha. Bulshada Maraykanka ee Qalitaanka. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000 Oct; 11 Qalabka 15: S1-86.