Daraasad ayaa ku dhawaaqaysa xaqiiqda dhabta ah ee dhabta ah ee Baaritaannada Baaritaanka HIV
Maaddaama Maraykanku ujeedkiisu yahay inuu kordhiyo aqoonsiga hore iyo daaweynta dadka qaba HIV, waxaa xoogga la saarey in la go'aamiyo saxnaanta HIV-ga ee goobaha dhabta ah ee dhabta ah-ma ahan oo keliya in la yareeyo tirada natiijooyinka baaritaanka HIV ee been abuurka ah inay si fiican u aqoonsadaan shakhsiyaadka inta lagu jiro marxaladaha hore ee cudur- qaadista marka khatarta is-gaadhsiintu aad u sarayso.
Si loo qiyaaso tan, cilmi-baarayaasha Jaamacada California, San Francisco waxay dib u eegis ku sameeyeen in ka badan 21,000 oo baadhitaano HIV ah oo la bixiyey intii u dhexeysay sanadihii 2003 iyo 2008 qaar ka mid ah magaalooyinka ugu badnaa ee magaalada. Afar nooc oo imtixaanno ah ayaa loo isticmaalay muddadan - laga bilaabo tijaabadii hore ee unugyada antibody ilaa imtixaanka degdegga ah, dhakhaatiir dhakhso ah oo degdeg ah - 761 qof ayaa laga helay HIV (3.6% cudur), halka 58 lagu ogaaday inta lagu jiro infekshanka ba'an.
Daraasada ayaa sidoo kale loogu talagalay in lagu barbardhigo saxsanaanta baaritaanada cusub ee tijaabada - oo ay ku jiraan tijaabooyinka 4aad ee antigen / antibody -waxaad ka qaadeysaa dhiigga 58 qof oo horay ugu jirey cudurka infekshinka daran.
Xaqiijinta ayaa lagu qiyaasay labadaba marka la eego dareenka (boqolkiiba natiijooyinka baaritaanka oo sax ah oo sax ah) iyo gaar ahaaneed (boqolkiiba natiijooyinka baaritaanka ee sax ah oo aan sax ahayn).
| Nooca Imtixaanka | Brand | Dareenka laga helay 21,234 imtixaan | Qaas ahaan 21,234 baaritaan | Dareenka caabuqa infakshan ka yimaada 58 imtixaan |
| Imtixaanka koowaad ee jiilka (dhiig) | Vironostika HIV-1 Microelisa | 92.3% | 100% | 0% |
| Imtixaanka jiilka 3aad (dhiig) | Nidaamka Jeermiska HIV-1/2 | 96.2% | 100% | 34.5% |
| Jiilka 3aad ee tijaabada degdegga ah ee dhiigga (dhiig) | OraQuick Advance | 91.9% | 100% | 5.2% |
| Jiilka 3aad ee imtixaanka degdegga ah ee degdegga ah (candhuuf) | OraQuick Advance | 86.6% | 99.9% | - |
| Jiilka 3aad ee tijaabada degdegga ah ee dhiigga (dhiig) | Uni-gold Recombigen | - | - | 25.9% |
| Jiilka 3aad ee tijaabada degdegga ah ee dhiigga (dhiig) | HIV-ga 1/2 | - | - | 19.0% |
| Jiilka 3aad ee tijaabada degdegga ah ee dhiigga (dhiig) | Clearview Stat Pak | - | - | 5.2% |
| Imtixaanka 4aad ee isdhexgalka antigen / antibody, (dhiig) | Go'aanso HIV 1/2 Ag / Ab Combo | - | - | 54.4% |
| Imtixaanka 4aad ee ku salaysan shaybaarka ku salaysan antigen / antibody (shaybaarka) | ARCHITECT HIV Ag / Ab Combo | - | - | 87.3% |
Maxay Tahay Tani Tijaabinaysaa?
Marka hore, marka laga eego aragtida gaar ahaaneed, tirooyinka ayaa xaqiijiyay in dhacdooyinka calaamadaha been abuurku ay aad u hooseeyaan, xitaa imtixaannadii hore ee jiilalka.
Qandaraaska, heerka nacaybka been-abuurka ahi aad ayuu u kala duwanyahay, iyada oo baaritaanka cagaarshowga degdegga ah ee OraQuick uu fulin karo ugu xun, iyada oo keliya hal ka mid ah 15 bukaan ah oo helaya natiijo been abuur ah.
Tirada ayaa kaliya sii xumaatay markii dhiigga laga qaado cudurka infekshinka marxaladda. Imtixaanka 58-ka ee imtixaanka, imtixaannada imtixaanka degdegga ah ee 3aad waxay gaadheen dareen ah 5.2% oo keliya 25.9%, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in badi infekshannadaas oo kale la waayi doono iyada oo la adeegsanayo tiknoolajiyadan degdegga ah, antibody-ku salaysan.
Xitaa qarniga 4aad Go'aaminta baaritaanka degdegga ah ee antigen / antibody ayaa awood u leh inuu tilmaamo kaliya kala badh infekshinada ba'an, inkasta oo dareen-celin lagu qiyaasay 96.6% iyo gaar ahaan 100%. Sida laga soo xigtay cilmi baarayaasha UCSF, Goobta ayaa sida ugu fiican u shaqeysay intii lagu jiray infekshinka ba'an marka bukaanka fayrusku uu ka badan yahay 500 000 nuqul / mL.
Maaha wax la yaab leh, shaybaarka ku salaysan antigen / antibody labadaba waxay sameeyeen baaritaanada ugu fiican ee suurtogalka ah. Iyadoo lagu qiyaasay qiyaas ahaan 99.1% iyo gaar ahaan 100%, imtixaannada waxay awoodeen inay tilmaamaan ku dhawaad 90% infakshannada ba'an.
Maxay Tan Taasu Tahay?
Marka la eego xulashada imtixaanka iyo waxqabadka, natiijooyinka soo socda ayaa si macquul ah loo xaddidi karo:
- Tijaabooyinka ganacsiyada ee laga yaabo inay iska iibiyaan HIV-ga ayaa ugu yaraan si guud u fiican, ma aha oo keliya marka la eego cudurka infekshinka ba'an laakiin dib u soo celinta heerka xun ee ah 7% .
- Isugeynta HIV antigen / baaritaanka antibody waa mid aad u sax ah oo ah baaritaanno ku saleysan antibio, gaar ahaan xilliga ay dhacaan marxaladda ba'an ee cudurka.
- Imtixaannada ku salaysan tijaabada labadaba waxay wali ka sii fiicanyihiin goobta, baaritaanka HIV-ga, gaar ahaan kiisaska soo-dhoweynta HIV-ga.
Iyadoo la sheegayo, heerarka sare ee dareenka ayaa ah qayb ka mid ah sababta keentay tijaabooyinka qaarkood ayaa laga doorbidaa kuwa kale.
Tusaale ahaan, tiro aad u tiro badan oo dadka ah ayaa ku fashilmay in ay ku soo noqdaan natiijooyinka baaritaanka HIV. Awoodda, sidaas darteed, in natiijooyinka baaritaanka lagu soo celiyo 20 illaa 30 daqiiqadood waxay sameeyaan baaritaan degdeg ah, gaar ahaan haddii ay u oggolaato bukaan socod eegtooyinka in ay isku xiraan qof si dhakhso ah u daryeelo.
Sidoo kale, dadka sirta qarsoodiga ah waxay ka welwelayaan cabsida laga qabo dhaleeceynta HIV-ga waxaa laga yaabaa inay si fiican u adeegaan iyagoo qaadanaya baaritaan deg-deg ah oo guriga dhexdiisa ah ( sawiran ).
Inkasta oo ay jiraan macluumaad yar oo lagu qiimeeyo tirada dhabta ah ee dadka ku xiran xanaaneynta ka dib markay helaan natiijo wanaagsan, natiijada guriga, waxaa la aaminsan yahay in imtixaannadaasi ay keenayaan meelo badan oo laga yaabo inay ka fogaadaan xarumaha baaritaanka ama goobaha rugta.
Xigasho:
Pilcher, D .; Louie, B; Facente, S .; et al. "Waxqabadka Baadhitaanka degdega ah ee Daryeelka iyo Shaybaadhka ee Hurgunka Xanuunka HIV ee Sanbabada." Qaybta 1aad. Diisambar 12, 2013; DOI: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0080629.
Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka Maraykanka (FDA). "Hore Ugu Horeeya ee Guriga-U Isticmaal Qalabka HIV ee la Oggoley ee Is-imtixaanka." Macluumaadka Caafimaadka Macmiilka ee FDA. Silver Spring, Maryland; Juunyo 2012; dukumenti: UCM311690.