Inkasta oo sharciga loo ogolaanayo is-beddelka HIV-ku-beddelashada, is-waafajinta wax-qabadka
Bishii Nofeembar 12, 2013, Madaxweynaha Barack Obama wuxuu saxiixay Sharciga Xeerka Sinnaanta Sharciga ee HIV-ga ( Xeerka Cadaalada ) kaas oo u oggolaanaya bixinta xubnaha HIV-ga la midka ah (a) qaataha HIV-ga ama (b) shakhsi ahaan shakhsi ahaan ee cilmi-baaris caafimaad oo u oggolaanaya isticmaalka unugyada HIV-ga qabta sida ku xusan qawaaniinta iyo heerarka Hantida Rajada.
Xeerka Hope wuxuu wax ka bedelay Sharciga Wax ka bedelka Qaliin-celinta ee 1988-kii, kaas oo ka hortagay deeqdan oo kale sababtoo ah walaac ku saabsan iska-caabinta daroogada la isku gudbiyo , waxqabadka xubnaha, sare-u- qaadka , iyo arrimaha kale ee yarayn kara faa'iidooyinka noocaas oo kale ah. Sharciga cusubi waxa uu yimaadaa waqti marka baahida loo qabo in xubin ka mid ah unugyada xubinta taranka aysan waligood marnaba weyneyn, gaar ahaan heerarka kordhaya wadnaha , beerka, kelyaha iyo cudurrada kale ee saameeya dadka da'da ah ee HIV .
Sharcigu wuxuu sidoo kale qirayaa waxtarka daaweynta isku-darka ah ee isku-dhafan (ART) si loo hubiyo in la joojiyo joojinta joogtada ah ee HIV-ga ee deeq-bixiyeyaasha xubinta ka ah iyo qofka qaata, hoos u dhigidda dareenka hore ee la xidhiidha ku-tallaalidda.
Sharciga, oo uu soo jeediyay Senator Barbara Boxer ee California, ayaa sidoo kale loo arkaa inay tahay in la yareeyo khatarta dadka aan HIV-ga qabin ee ku jira liiska sugidda xubnaha. Qiyaasta ayaa keentay in bisha February 2016 lagu dhawaaqo in John Hopkins School of Medicine uu noqon doono machadka ugu horreeya ee lagu beddelo xubin ka mid ah xubinta HIV-ga qof kale.
Sababta Sharciga Hope Waa Muhiim
Marka laga soo tago dhoofinta liiska sugitaanka iyo wax ka qabashada baahida aadka u saraysa ee deeqda xubnaha jirka ee dadka qaba HIV, Sharciga Hope waxaa badanaa loo arkaa tallaabadii ugu horreysey ee lagu burburin lahaa xanuunka caafimaadka ee dheeraadka ah ee ka dhanka ah dadka qaba AIDS. Waxay si cad u qeexaysaa in, da 'da' da 'casriga ah ee casriga ah, cabsida dib-u-soo-kabashada ayaa si fudud u dhiganta tirada dhimashada ee ay keento fashil-la'aanta xubnaha ee HIV-ga.
Hore ee Xeerka Hope, waxay ahayd sharci darro xitaa in lagu baaro xubin ka mid ah xubinta taranka jirka ee HIV-ga oo hoosta ka ah baaritaanka cilmi-baarista-fekerka sayniska xun iyo cabsida indha la'aanta ah ee curyaamiyay sharciyo badan oo loo maleynayo inay "ilaalin" dadweynaha guud ahaan (oo ay ku jiraan weli -kabaabin badan oo lagu dhaleeceeyay ganaax gabar gay ah ee Maraykanka)
Sida sahayda dhiigga, xubinta taranka ee Maraykanka waa mid aad u nidaamsan. Jiilka xaadirka ah, imtixaanka sare ee HIV-ga wuxuu hubiyaa in qofna HIV-diidmo ah uu ka heli karo xubin ka tirsan qof qaba HIV. Waqtigaan, dhammaan deeqaha xubnaha iyo unugyada waxaa si toos ah loogu baari doonaa HIV, Cagaarshowga B (HBV) iyo Cagaarshow C (HCV) sida ku cad 1994 ee Adeegyada Caafimaadka Dadweynaha ee Maraykanka (PHS) ee Tilmaamaha Ka-hortagga Gudbinta Fayruska Difaaca Daaweynta Aadanaha ee loo yaqaan 'Transplantation'.
Waajibaadka Xeerka Rajada Wanaagsan
Bishii Sebtembar 2014, cilmi-baarayaal ka socda Jaamacadda Pennsylvania ayaa daraasaddoodii ugu horreysay ku sameeyay saameynta Xeerka Hope, oo qiimaynaya ku-habboonaanta 578 qof ee dhintay, kuwa qaba cudurka HIV-ga sida deeq-bixiyeyaasha xubnaha.
Daraasadda, oo loogu talagalay inay matalaad ka noqoto barkhada organ-ka ah ee Philadelphia, waxay ka kooban yihiin bukaanno da'doodu tahay 53 sano, 68% ay ahaayeen lab iyo 73% kuwaas oo ahaa African-American.
Marka la eego tirada dhexdhexaadka ah ee CD4 ee 319 iyo culeyska fayruska aan la ogaan karin , kooxdu waxaa loo tixgeliyey in ay noqotey deeq-bixiyeyaal caan ah, iyada oo keliya cudurrada fursadaha fursadaha fursadaha (4); waxoogaa yar ee isku-dhafanaanta daawada u adkeysata (2); iyo dhowr, marxaladda dambe ee hormoonnada hormoonada ee hormoonada ah ee daawada ee daawada (6).
Daraasaddan, oo lagu soo bandhigay Shirka 54aad ee Shirkadaha Antimicrobial iyo Chemotherapy (ICAAC) ee Washington, DC, ayaa soo gabagabeysey in kooxdu laga yaabo inay keento todoba kelyo iyo sagaal cirbaal oo laga soo bilaabo 2009 illaa 2014, iyadoo inta badan la iska saaray sida waafaqsan shuruudaha ku habboon ee xubinta taranka . Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:
- 260 lagama yaabo inaysan ku jirin isbitaalka markii ay geeriyoodeen.
- 87 lagaa reebay inaanad diiwaangelin dhimashada maskaxda.
- 75 laguma takoorayo sabab la'aan aan la garaneynin dhimasho.
- 70 lagaa reebay in aaney daryeel caafimaad kudhicin markay dhinteen.
- 63 oo laga reebay in aanay ku jirin hawo farsamo.
- 13 lagama tagin inuu qabto sonkorowga, dhiig-karka, HCV, cirrhosis, ama cudurka kelyaha dhammaadkiisa.
- 3 lagaa reebay inaad haysato xannuun.
Intaa waxaa dheer, qaabka kombiyuutarka lagu go'aamiyey oo kaliya 50% heerka guusha ee xayawaanka kelyaha oo ku salaysan tayada xubnaha ee ku jira pool bixiyeyaasha la soo jeediyay. Taas bedelkeeda, sicirka xanniban ee beerka ee saddex-sano ah waxay ahaayeen kuwo aad u-yar ama ka hooseeya oo ka mid ah dadweynaha guud (71% marka loo eego 74%, siday u kala horreeyaan).
Cilmi-baaris dheeraad ah ayaa lagu ogaan doonaa haddii qaababka la midka ah ee lagu arko dadka kale ee HIV-ga, kuwaas oo helitaanka xarumaha HIV-ga ee laga yaabo in aysan macquul ahayn inay bixiyaan tiro la mid ah deeq-bixiyeyaasha tayada sare leh.
Ilaha:
Congresska Mareykanka. "S.330 - Xeerka Sinnaanta Siyaasadeed ee Siyaasadeed ee Hawlgabka ee Xogta113 (2013-2014)." Washington, DC; Nofeembar 21, 2013.
New York Times. "John Hopkins oo Hirgalinta Hawlgalkii ugu horeeyay ee Cudurka HIV ee Maraykanka" Published on February 10, 2016.
Adeega Caafimaadka Dadweynaha ee Maraykanka (PHS). "1994 Adeegyada Caafimaadka Dadweynaha ee Maraykanka (PHS) Tilmaamayaasha Looga Hortagayo Gudbinta Fayruska Dheef-la'aanta ee Aadanaha iyada oo loo marayo Qalabayn." Warbixinta Caafimaadka Dadweynaha. Julaay-Agoosto 2013; Volume 128.
Richterman, A .; Lee, D .; Reese, P .; et al. "Suurtogalnimada cudurka HIV-ga