Noocisa caloosha ayaa kuu habboon?
Noociyaal badan oo badan ayaa loo helaa daawooyinka miisaanka (OTC), dadka badanaaba si khalad ah ayay u isticmaalaan. Dadka badankooda isticmaala caloosha jilicsan uma baahna, iyo isticmaalka dheeriga ah ee caloosha jilciya waxay yeelan karaan cillado caafimaad darro sida daaweynta dheef-shiid kiimikaad (cusbada jirka), fuuqbax, dhaawac kalyaha ah iyo xataa dhimasho.
Halkii aad ka iibsan lahayd caloosha jajaban si aad uga caawisid calool-dhexaadinta, waa in aad marka hore tijaabisaa cuntada sare ee faytada, qaadashada dareeraha, jimicsiga joogtada ah, oo ku shaqeyn nadaafadda musqusha ee saxda ah.
Si gaar ah, waa inaad isticmaashaa musqusha markaad dareentid dareenkaaga iyo inaad ka fogaato "haysashada". Haddii tallaabooyinkani ay ku fashilmaan inay shaqeeyaan, waa inaad la kulantaa dhakhtarka si aad ugala hadashid isticmaalka calool-socodka gaar ahaan haddii aad qorsheyneyso inaad qaadato caloosha jilciya in ka badan hal maalin ama laba.
Maqaar-celiyaha-dheer-ka-soo-saarka ayaa lagu sifeeyay iyada oo loo eegayo afar arrimood oo muhiim ah ee ficilka:
- is-ururin
- saxaro jilicsan
- saamaynta osmotic
- saameynta kicinta
Xusuusin, qaar ka mid ah jejebiyeyaashani waxay ka shaqeeyaan qaabab kala duwan oo ka mid ah hababkaas.
Qulqulka Qabiil-Xummada
Maadaama ay magacoodu muujinayaan, calool-mareenka bullaacadaha ayaa shaqeynaya isagoo saxaya saxaradaada. Tijaabooyinka caloosha ayaa laga sameeyaa qaybo aan la garanaynin (colloid) kaas oo nuugaya biyaha. Marka laxanada buluugga ah ay biyaha ku boodaan, waxay u keenaan calool-xumo iyo kicinta mindhicirka iyada oo loo marayo muruqyada murqaha sida (peristalsis).
Jilibyada buluugga ah waxaa badanaa laga sameeyaa fildhaadka dhirta sida methylcellulose. Marka bakteeriyada ku jirta xuubkaaga ayaa dheefshiidka dhirta, dhererka dheeraadka ah iyo murqaha ayaa ku imaan kara.
Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah shay-baarka bullaacadaha ee ka baxsan:
- FiberCon (Polycarbophil)
- Citrucel (methylcellulose)
- Metamucil (psyllium)
- Konsyl (psyllium)
Saxarada Saxaro
Sumeeyayaasha saxarada ama walxaha saxaradu waxay u shaqeeyaan iyagoo u oggolaanaya biyaha iyo dufanka inay ku filnaadaan saxaradaada oo markaa jilciso. Tijaabooyinka saxarada ayaa laga qaadi karaa afka ama si tartiib ah (feker suppositories or Fleet enemas).
Halkan waxaa ku yaal qaar ka mid ah jilicisada saxarada oo ka baxsan:
- Colace (docusate)
- Surfak (docusate)
- Phillips 'Tababaraha Sixirlaha' Liquid Gels '(docusate)
- saliidda macdanta
- Pedia-lax (glycerin suppository)
Fikradda, saliidda macdanta waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu shubo saxarada carruurta iyo dadka waaweyn oo leh naafanimo xumi. Si ay u noqdaan kuwo la kariye karo, saliidda macdanta waxay u baahan tahay in lagu qaso casiirka. Waxaa intaa dheer, suugaanta iyo glycerin suppositories ayaa inta badan lagu qoraa bukaan jiifka ama isbitaal si looga hortago calool-fadhiga.
Fadlan maskaxda ku hay in isticmaalka muddada dheer ee saxarada jilicsan ay keeni karto (vitamiin A, D, E iyo K la'aanta).
Maqaar-yare Nuujiyeyaasha
Xaqiiqada ayaa loo sheegaa, wali si xun ayaan u fahmi karnaa sida saxarada caloosha ama kathartics u shaqeeyaan. Waan ognahay inay si toos ah u kicinayaan nidaamka dareemayaasha mindhicirka iyo sidoo kale keena dheecaan ka-dheecaan iyo dheecaan dheecaan xiidhan.
Muddo ka dib, dhakhaatiirtu waxay ka walaacsan yihiin in isticmaalka muddada dheer ee calool-xanuunka kiciya ay keeni karto in bukaanku ku tiirsanaado daawooyinkan. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, takhaatiirta waxay ka walwalsan yihiin in nuucyadani waxyeelo u geysan karaan habdhiska dareemayaasha ee mindhicirka (plexus myenteric).
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, baaritaan dhowaan ah, waxay soo jeedinaysaa in isticmaalka muddada fog ee calool-maadayaasha kiciya ay tahay mid ammaan ah.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, dadka kaliya ee qaadanaya calool-gariirkan muddo dheer waa bukaanada isbitaalka ama bukaanka ku jira xarumaha daryeelka muddada dheer ee leh naafo maskaxda ah oo aan awoodin inay ka baxaan sariirta.
Waa kuwan tusaalayaal qaar ka mid ah caloosha jilicsan ee kiciya:
- Dulcolax (bisacodyl)
- Foet bisacodyl
- Senokot (senna)
- cascara
- Ex-Lax (sennosides)
- saliida castor
- Hadeydaan
Osmotic Laxatives
Noocyada Osmotic waa xayawaan aan la dabooli karin iyo xeryahooda leysku daro kuwaas oo qaada biyaha saxda ah ee xiidanka iyada oo loo marayo osmosis. Sidan sidan, calool-mareenka 'osmotic' ayaa dareeraya saxaro.
Halkan waxaa ku qoran tusaalooyin ka mid ah maaddooyinka 'ozmotic noddors' ee ka soo baxa:
- caano ee magnesia (magnesium hydroxide)
- sorbitol
- MiraLax (Polyethylene glycol)
Fadlan maskaxda ku hay in jejebiyeyaasha loo isticmaalo sida gargaarka mudada gaaban, waana inaad la tashataa takhtarkaaga intaadan isticmaalin. Weligaa ha siin ilmo caloosha jilciya adiga oo aan marka hore la hadlin dhaqtarka caruurta.
Ereyga
Mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu xun ee aad ku sameyn kartid daawada caloosha jilciya waa inaad u isticmaasho daaweyn waqti dheer ah xaalad caafimaad oo aad u culus, sidaas awgeed maskaxda waa dhibaato maskaxeed u baahan. Tusaale ahaan, kansarka mindhicirka waxay sababi kartaa calool-galinta iyadoo loo marayo xannibaad.
Fadlan maskaxda ku hay-sida daawooyinka oo idil - waxaa ka wanaagsan in laga hortago dhibaatada meesha ugu horeysa ee ay tahay in la qaato daawooyinka si loo daweeyo. Haddii aad isku aragtid caloosha, waa fikrad fiican inaad la kulanto dhakhtarkaaga oo aad kala hadasho cuntada, dareeraha, jimicsiga, iyo caadooyinka musqusha. Isbedelada hab-nololeedku waxay badanaaba ka caawin karaan in ay yareeyaan calool-istaagga oo ay udoodaan baahida loo qabo musqusha.
> Ilo:
> Acosta A, Tangalos EG, Harari D. Constipation. In: Halter JB, Ouslander JG, Studenski S, High KP, Asthana S, Supiano MA, Ritchie C. eds. Hazzard's Geriatric Medicine iyo Gerontology, 7e New York, NY: McGraw-Hil
> McQuaid KR. Daawooyinka loo isticmaalo Daaweynta Cudurrada Dhiigga. In: Katzung BG, Trevor AJ. eds. Farmashiga Aasaasiga ah & Daaweynta, 13e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2015.
> FDA. Isticmaal Calaamadaha Kaxwaha qaarkood oo Digniin leh. Janaayo 1, 2014. www.fda.gov.