Isu dheellitiridda Dheefaha iyo Khatarta Daaweynta
Anticholinergics waa daroogo badan oo daroogo loo isticmaalo si loo daweeyo xaalado caafimaad oo kala duwan oo saameyn ku yeesha foosha iyo nasashada murqaha.
Waxaa ka mid ah daawooyinka loo isticmaalo daaweynta kaadiheysta firfircoon, cudurka Parkinson , shubanka, matagga, neefta, cudurka dabaysha ee joogtada ah (COPD) , muruqyada muruqyada, mindhicirka mindhicirka (IBS) , iyo shuruudaha kale ee ku lug leh dhaqdhaqaaqa murqaha.
Sida Loogu Shaqeeyo
Acetylcholin waa walax uu soo saaro jirka oo u shaqeeya sida neurotransmitter. Waxay ka shaqeysaa unugyada dareemayaasha si ay u gudbiyaan farriimaha kiimikada maskaxda. Marka sidaas la yeelo, acetylcholol wuxuu xakameyn karaa hawlaha nafleyda qaar ka mid ah iyaga oo kor u qaadaya ama hoos u dhigaya.
Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah muruqyada qalfoofka ee ku lug leh dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo muruqyada siman ee laga helo wadnaha, caloosha, mindhicirrada, mareenka kaadida, iyo sanbabada. Unugyada ku lugta leh murqaha muruqyadan waxay leeyihiin dareen-celiyeyaasha. Kuwa soo dhaweynaya acetylcholine waxaa loo tixgeliyaa cholinergic.
Marka la wajaho shaqeyn muruq oo aan caadi ahayn, waxaa jira daroogo xannibi kara acetylcholine iyadoo lagu xirayo xayawaanka daacuunka. Haddii aan la helin fariinta kiimikada kiimikada, foosha waa la joojin karaa oo calaamadaha la naaqusay.
Waxaan u tixgelineynaa sida tan saameynta anticholinergic.
Saameynada Waxyeellada Anticholinergic
Marka laga reebo muruqyada murqaha, noocyada qaarkood ee acetylcholine waxay xakameeyaan xasuusta, barashada, iyo dareenka.
Maadaama daawooyinka antopolinergic aysan gaar u ahayn noocyada aqbalaha waxay xayiraan, waxay kicin karaan saameyno kala duwan oo saameynaya jidhka iyo maskaxda labadaba.
Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:
- Afka qallalan waxaa sabab u ah joojinta qanjidhada salivary
- Cuno xanuun sababtuna tahay wax soo saarkoodu hooseeyo
- Maqnaanshaha dhidid
- Heerkulka jirka oo kordhay
- Dareenka iftiinka leh sababtoo ah carqaladda ardayga oo yaraaday
- Aragtida cakiran ama aragtida labajibbaaran
- Xaddiga garaaca wadnaha oo lagu kordhiyo isbeddelka ku yimaadda waxqabadka dhiigga
- Isku-dubarid la'aanta sababtoo ah xakameynta muruqa bedelka
- Kaadida ceshad la'aanta kaadida marka la seexdo
- Ka daadinta mindhicirka
- Jahwareer
- Dhibaatooyinka xasuusta
- Qalabaynta
- Awood u lahaan la'aanta
- Tilmaamaha si fudud loo bilaabo
- Maqalka
- Asaasaqa
Waxtarrada saamaynta Anticholinergic
Qaar ka mid ah daroogooyinka ayaa ku guuleysta ujeedooyinkooda daweynta sababtoo ah saameynta anticholinergic. Markaad xaddideyso dhaqdhaqaaqa mindhicirka, tusaale ahaan, qof ayaa laga yaabaa inuu helo gargaar ka yimaada shubanka. Sidoo kale, xaddidaadda neefsiga ee la xidhiidha neefta iyo COPD waa la hagaajin karaa marka la qaboojiyeyaasha daacuunka ee sanbabada la xannibay.
Antispasmodics waa hal nooc oo daroogo ah taas oo saameynta anticholinergic loo arko faa'iido. Inkasta oo ay saameyntu tahay mid caadi ah, isticmaalka gaaban ee la socda qiyaasta hoose waxay caadi ahaan ka dhigan tahay in calaamadaha la maareyn karo.
Dawooyinka antispasmodic ee saamaynta anticholinergic waxaa ka mid ah:
- Bentil (dicyclomin)
- Buscopan (hyoscine butylbromide )
- Levsin (hyoscyamine)
- Lomotil (atropine / diphenoxylate)
- Enablex (darifenacin)
- Pamine (methylscopaminine)
- Spiriva (tiotropium bromide)
- Symmetrel (amantadine)
- Vesicare (solifenacin)
Saameynaha aan la isku haleynin ee Anticholinergic
Dhanka kale, waxaa jira daroogo leh saameyn aan anticholinergic aheyn.
Waxay ka mid yihiin antidepressants iyo antipsychotics kuwaas oo kordhiya ama yareeya dopamine iyo serotonin neurotransmitters si loogu bedelo niyadda qofka. Xaaladaha qaarkood, daroogadu waxay xakameyn karaan acetylcholine waxayna keenaysaa saameynta daawooyinka anticholinergic.
Caqabada, dabcan, waa in antidepressants iyo antipsychotics inta badan loo qoro muddada dheer, taasoo ka dhigeysa maareynta calaamadaha oo dhan wax badan oo adag.
Antidepressants iyo antipsychotics leh waxyeelo anticholinergic waxaa ka mid ah:
- Elavil (amitriptyline)
- Norpramin (desipramine)
- Tofranil (imipramine)
- Pamelor (nortriptyline)
- Paxil (paroxetine)
- Thorazine (chlorpromazine)
- Clozaril (clozapine)
- Zyprexa (ayzapine)
- Mellaril (Thioridazine)
Inta u dhexeysa labadan xag ee jira, waxaa jira marar dhif ah marka daawada diiqada dufanka yar loo isticmaalo si loo daaweeyo xanuunka dabaysha iyo IBS. Saameyn la mid ah waxaa lagu gaari karaa qaar ka mid ah daawooyinka dhimirka ee hooseeya iyo cudurka Parkinson.
Iyada oo la miisaamayo faa'iidada iyo khasaaraha saameynta anticholinergic, dhakhaatiirtu waxay heli karaan daroogada saxda ah iyo qiyaasta daaweynta iyadoon wax culus aheyn.
Ereyga
Haddii aad la kulanto saameyn aan ciriiri lahayn oo ay sabab u tahay saameynta anticholinergic ee daroogada, la hadal dhakhtarkaaga. Iyada oo ku xiran xaaladdaada, dhakhtarku wuxuu awoodi karaa inuu yareeyo qiyaasta ama helitaanka bedelka ku haboon.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa inaadan joojin daroogo kasta adigoon marka hore la hadlin dhakhtarkaaga. Tani waxay sameyn kartaa mararka qaarkood saameyn xun (gaar ahaan daawooyinka antidepressant qaarkood) haddii daaweyntu si tartiib tartiib ah ujirto.
> Isha:
> Fox, C .; Smith, T .; Maidment, I. et al. "Saamaynta daawooyinka leh anticholinergic guryaha oo ku saabsan shaqada garashada, delirium, shaqada jidhka iyo dhimashada: dib u eegis nidaamsan". Da'da iyo da'da . 2014; 43 (5): 604-15. DOI: 10.1093 / gabow / afu096.