Dhakhaatiirta takhasuska leh ee daawada loo yaqaan 'cholesterol' ayaa ah "kolesterol heer sare ah." Haddii baaritaanka dhiiggaaga loo yaqaan 'hypertension', waxaa laga yaabaa in dhakhtarkaagu uu kugula taliyo daaweyn-laga yaabo inuu isbeddelo hab nololeedka, sida cunto iyo jimicsi, ama laga yaabee mid ka mid ah noocyada kala duwan ee daawooyinka loo heli karo dhimista heerarka kolesteroolka .
Dhowr sano oo cilmi baaris ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, khabiiro u hoggaansamey in gabagabadaasi ay ahayd qalad khalad ah. Sannadkii 2013, tilmaamo cusub ayaa lagu daabacay koox khubaro ah oo ka socda Ururka Wadnaha ee Mareykanka iyo Isku-tagga Kuliyada Wadnaha ee Maraykanka. Tilmaamahan waxay ku talinayaan hab dhammaystiran oo lagu daaweynayo kolestaroolka.
Maanta, talooyinka daaweynta ma aha kuwo ku saleysan heerka heerarka kolestaroolka, laakiin halkii, heerka guud ee khatarta wadnaha. Heerarka kolesteroolka laftooda waa la tixgeliyaa, laakiin kaliya sida mid ka mid ah arrimo badan oo qeexaya khatarta wadnaha.
Haddaba yaa u baahan in lagu daweeyo?
Si aad ugu celiso, sida ku cad jadwalka 2013, haddii aad u baahan tahay in lagu daaweeyo waxay ku xiran tahay heerka guud ee halista ah ee lagu horumarinayo cudurrada wadnaha. Inkastoo heerkaaga heerka kolestaroolka LDL uu dhab ahaantii kugula halisto halistaas, halistu waxay noqon kartaa mid aad u saraysa haddii heerka LDL uu sarreeyo ama aan la kordhin.
Qiyaasida khatarta guud ee macnaheedu waa dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu u baahan doonaa inuu tixgeliyo taariikhdaada caafimaad, imtixaanka jirka, iyo haa, natiijooyinka shaybaarkaaga.
Marka tan la sameeyo, dhakhtarkaagu waa inuu kuu xilsaaraa mid ka mid ah shanta halis ee halis ah:
Qaybta 1aad: Waxaad ku jirtaa qaybtan haddii aad hore u ogaatay inaad qabto atherosclerosis oo soo saartay dhibaato caafimaad. Qeybta 1 waxa ku jira dadka ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:
- Cudurka wadnaha (coronary artery disease) (CAD) kaas oo soo saaray angina , ama infekshanka miyirarka (wadno-qabad), ama loo baahan yahay daaweyn qalliin ama qalliin qalliin leh
Qeybta 2aad: Qaybta 2 waxa ku jira dadka leh heerarka kolestaroolka LDL ee ka weyn 189 mg / dL. Dadka badankood ee Qaybta 2-aad waxay leeyihiin mid ka mid ah qaababka foosha 'hypercholesterolemia'. Tani waa qaybta kaliya ee daaweyntu ku talinayso kaliya sababta oo ah heerarka kolestaroolka "aad u sarreeya."
Qaybta 3: Qaybta 3 waxa ku jira dadka da'doodu u dhaxayso 40 ilaa 75 ee qaba sonkorowga , iyo kuwa aan ku jirin Qaybta 1 ama 2.
Qaybta 4: Qaybta 4 waxa ku jira dadka aan ka mid aheyn saddexda qaybood ee ugu horreeya, laakiin calaamadaha khatarta wadnaha ayaa ku jira khatar sare ee cudurrada wadnaha. Khaas ahaan, kuwani waa dadka qatarta lagu qiyaasi karo inay yeeshaan dhacdo xanuun wadnaha ah (sida wadne qabadka ama istaroogga) waa ugu yaraan 7.5% tobanka sano ee soo socda. Si loo qiimeeyo khatartaada 10-sanno, NHLBI waxay halkan ku siisay xisaab halis ah oo khatarta ah.
Qeybta 5: Qeybta 5 waxa ku jira qof kasta oo aan ku haboonayn afarta qaybood ee hore. Dadkani waxay ku jiraan khataro wadnaha oo hooseeya mana u baahan daaweyn.
Yaa u Baahan in Lagu Daweeyo? Qof kasta oo ku jira qaybaha 1 - 4 wuxuu leeyahay khatar aad u weyn oo ah dhibaatooyin wadne-xannuun-wadareed muddo dhowr sano ah, waxaana loo baahan yahay in lagu daweeyo si taxadar leh si loo yareeyo halistooda.
Waa Maxay Daaweeyntu Ku Talinaysaa?
Tilmaamaha 2013 ee kolesteroolku waxay sameeyeen isbeddel calaamadeysan oo ah waxa daaweynta loogu taliyay dadka ku jira qaybaha khatarta sare leh. Hase yeeshee, xeerarka qaangaarka ah ayaa xooga saaraya hoos u dhigidda kolestaroolka si loo barto heerarka daaweynta, tilmaamaha cusub maahan. Halkii, waxay xoojinayaan hoos u dhigista khatarta wadnaha halkii ay ku talin lahaayeen heerarka baruurta ee bartilmaameedka. Khatartan yar ee khatarta ah waxay ku salaysan tahay isbedelka qaab nololeedka ah, iyo isticmaalka dawooyinka dawooyinka .
Isku Khilaafsan Qaybta 4aad
Dadka ku jira Qaybta 1 illaa 3 aan si aan cakir lahayn waxay u leeyihiin khatar aad u sareysa inay qaadaan dhibaatooyinka wadnaha, waxayna u muuqdaan inay u baahan yihiin daaweyn gardarrada ah si loo yareeyo khatartaas.
Qeybta 4aad, dhinaca kale, ayaa loo aasaasay si loo helo shakhsiyaadka ku jira khatarta sare, laakiin khatarta ah mid aad u hooseeya, iyo wax yar oo aan ka muuqan, marka loo eego saddexda qaybood ee hore. Qeexida qofka loo baahan yahay in lagu meeleeyo Qaybta 4, sidaas darteed, wuxuu u yahay hab-raac habsami ah oo si aan kala sooc lahayn uuna u furan yahay naqdin.
Waxaa jira laba nooc oo naqdin ah oo ku saabsan Qaybta 4aad. Qodobka 4aad ee sheegashada ee Qaybta 4 waxa ku jira dad badan. Dhaleeceyntaani waxay tilmaamayaan in xisaabiyaha khatarta ee NHLBI ay meelo badan oo diiradda saaraan. Sababtan awgeed, dad badan oo da'doodu ka weyn tahay 60 jir ayaa isku arki doona ama ku dhow dhow 7.5% cutoff. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, yiraahdo naqdiyadan, khatar 10 sano ah oo ah 7.5% lafteeda waa mid xor ah. Talooyinka daaweynta ee horey u soo maray waxay u badnaayeen in la gooyo 10%. Si khaas ah loo yareeyo isbeddelka daaweynta illaa 7.5%, waxay yiraahdaan, waxay ku daraan "dad aad u badan" liiska daaweynta.
Nooca labaad ee dhaleeceynta ee ku saabsan Qaybta 4, maaha mid la yaab leh, sheegaysa in dadka aan ku filneyn lagu daro liiska daaweynta. Dhibaatooyinkaas ayaa tilmaamaya in xisaabiyaha NHLBI ee khatarta khatarta ay ku jirto kaliya khatarta khatarta ah ee "la xaqiijiyay" ee tijaabooyinka xakamaynta kiliinikada si ay gacan uga geysato halista halista wadnaha: da'da, LDL, iyo heerarka kolestaroolka HDL, haddii uu hadda yahay sigaarcab, iyo haddii qofku yeeshay cadaadis dhiig oo sareeya. Waxay ka baxaysaa arrimo kale oo halis ah oo loo aqbalo inay yihiin muhiim, laakiin aan hadda ku haboonayn heerarka adag ee NHLBI ee ku darista. Arrimaha khatarta noocan oo kale ah waxaa ka mid ah taariikhda qoyska ee cudurada wadnaha oo dhicis ah, taariikhda sigaar cabbista, heerarka CRP , siyaado hab-nololeed, iyo baaritaanka caloosha ee aroorka . Haddii arimahaan khatarta ah ee lagu soo daro, dad badan oo badan ayaa la kulmi doona shuruudaha daaweynta.
Khilaafka noocan oo kale ah - haddii Qaybta 4aad ay ka mid tahay dad aad u tiro badan ama dad aad u tiro yar - waxay u egtahay wixii talooyin ah ee gooyuhu ay si gooni ah u go'aamiyeen guddi khubaro ah.
Hadday tahay shakhsiyaadka khatarta ah ee kufilan shuruudda ku filan oo ay ku habboon tahay in daweyntu socoto, ugu yaraan qayb ahaan, si ay u tagaan bukaanka iyo dhakhtarkooda. Intee in le'eg ayuu halis u yahay qofka raba inuu aqbalo inuu ku dhaco wadno-xanuun ama istaroog ah 10ka sano ee soo socda? 7.5%? 10% Qiimaha qaar kale? Haddii qiimeynta halista ee NHLBI la aqbalo qiimaha wajiga, ama haddii ay tahay in qodobada halista ee dheeraadka ah la tixgeliyo marka la go'aaminayo daaweynta?
Xaqiiqdii waa ku haboon tahay guddi khibrad leh si ay talooyin uga qaadaan arrintan. Laakiin su'aalaha sidan oo kale ah, waa in sida caadiga ah waa in ay go'aan gaaraan shakhsiyaadka, talooyinkaa waa in aysan aheyn mid qasab ah. Go'aanka kama dambaysta ah ee daaweynta waa in loo tagaa dhakhaatiirta iyo bukaanka.
> Ilo:
Stone NJ, Robinson J, Lichtenstein AH, et al. 2013 ACC / AHA tilmaameedka ku saabsan daaweynta kolestaroolka dhiigga si loo yareeyo khatarta wadnaha ee loo yaqaan 'atherosclerotic' ee dadka qaangaarka ah: Warbixin ka timid Kulliyoolajiyadda Maraykanka ee Wadnaha / Isku-kalsoonida 'American Heart Association'. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013.