Cilmi baaris ayaa muujineysa sababta ay ugu talagashay tallaalka inay ka hortagaan cudurka
Muddo tobanaan sano ah, waxaa la rumaysan yahay in HIV-ga uu u soo baxo habdhaqan toos ah: wuxuu ku faafaa jidhka sida fayruus xor ah, isaga oo isku xiraya unugyada difaaca (sida CD4 + T-unugyada ) iyo afduubidda mashiinada hidaha si loo abuuro koobiyo badan laftiisa. Sidaa oo kale, HIV wuxuu awoodaa in uu faafiyo dhammaan nidaamka oo idil, oo lagu faafiyo tirooyin ilaa uu ku filan yahay in T-yari la dilo si uu si buuxda u yareeyo difaaca difaaca ee qofka (qeexitaanka qaaxada ee AIDS ).
Cilmi-baarista soo-baxaysa waxay soo jeedinaysaa in tani aysan ahayn kiisku, ama ugu yaraan maahan wadada cudurka ee aan muddo dheer qaadanay. Xaqiiqdii, tan iyo intii laga soo laabanayay 1990-yadii, aqoonyahaniintu waxay bilaabeen inay fiiriyaan in HIV-gu uu sidoo kale si toos ah uga faafi karo unugyada ilaa unugyada iyadoo aan abuurin fayruus faafa oo bilaash ah.
Nidaamka labaad ee gudbinta, sida laga soo xigtay cilmibaarista ka soo baxday Machadka Glandstone ee Virology iyo Immunology , wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 100 illaa 1,000 jeer oo ka badan oo hufan oo ka soo baxa unugyada CD4 marka loo eego fayraska bilaashka ah oo laga yaabo inay sharaxaan, qayb ahaan, sababta talaalka hadda Noocyada aan awoodin inay si macquul ah uga hortagaan ama u dhirbaaxaan HIV.
Isku gudbinta unugyada ilaa unugyada, HIV waxay sababi kartaa fal-celin silsilad ah oo unugyada difaaca jirka ay si isdaba-joog ah u is-dilaan. Cilmi baaris ayaa soo jeedineysa in 95% inta dhiman ee dhimashada unugyada CD4 ay tahay tan sidan, iyada oo laga soo horjeedo 5% oo keliya fayraska lacag la'aanta ah.
U sharraxidda gudbinta unugyada illaa-Cell
Hoos u gudbinta unugyada cell-ka ee HIV waxay dhacdaa iyada oo loo yaqaan "synthesia virological," kaas oo unugyada cudurku ku faafo "hurdiga" qolka martida iyo shaqaaleynta borotiinka fayras si loo jebiyo xuubka unugyada. (Hannaanka waxaa lagu qabtay fiidiyowga sannadka 2012 oo ay soo saartay jimciyeyaasha UC Davis iyo Mount Sinai School of Medicine.)
Marka la soo weeraro, kooxda martida ayaa ka soo horjeeda jajabyada viral DNA, oo kicinaysa nidaam la yiraahdo pyroptosis taas oo unuggu u aqoonsan yahay calaamadaha khatarta ah oo si tartiib ah u barara oo qarxa, oo naftiisa dila. Marka tani dhacdo, unugyada qarxa ayaa sii deynaya borotiinka bararka oo la yiraahdo cytokines kaas oo calaamadeynaya unugyada difaaca jirka ee unugyada weerarka kuwaas oo markaa si firfircoon loogu beegsanayo infekshanka HIV.
Cilmi-baadhayaasha Gladstone waxay awood u yeesheen in ay muujiyaan in ay ka hortagaan in ay ka hortagaan unugyada unugyada-kiimikada ee ka hortaga kiimikada, xannibaadayaasha synaptic, ama xitaa jir ahaan kala qaybinaya unugyada - dhimashada unugyada CD4 si waxtar leh ayaa loo joojiyay. Waxay ku soo gabagaboobeen in xiriirka unugga unugyada si aad ah loogu baahan yahay si loo dhinto geerida (iyo horumarka cudur) si uu u dhaco.
Saameynta baaritaanka
Maxaa keena natiijooyinka muhiim gaar ah waxay tahay inayan kaliya sharraxeynin hababka loogu talagalay maskaxda CD4, waxay sidoo kale muujinayaan tabar-darrooyinka asalka ah ee qorshaha tallaalka ee hadda jira.
Mashruucyada tallaalka ee HIV-ga ayaa xooga saara sidii loo ilaalin lahaa habka difaaca jidhka si loo aqoonsado lana weeraro borotiinka kor ku xusan ee fayruuska lacag la'aanta ah. Marka laga qaado HIV-ga unugyada, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay asal u tahay in la weeraro, laga ilaaliyo ogaanshaha laga helo gudaha dhismaha unugyada cudurka qaba.
Si looga gudbo tan, moodooyinka cusub waxay u baahan doonaan inay ka caawiyaan habka difaaca jirka oo si fiican u bartilmaameedsanaya abuurista synaptic iyo / ama si loo abuuro wakiilo fayras ah oo xakameyn kara geedi socodka qalabixinta. Haddii tan la gaari karo, awoodda HIV-ga ee horumarinta AIDS-ku wuxuu noqon karaa mid xadidan, ama xitaa la joojiyay.
In kasta oo farsamooyinka loo gudbiyo unugyada unugyada ilaa-in-la-socodka aan weli si buuxda loo fahmin, natiijooyinka waxay muujinayaan isbeddel qoto-dheer oo ku saabsan fahamka sida HIV-ga uu u sii socdo cudurka AIDS-ka iyo wuxuu na siinayaa aragti ku wajahan istaraatijiyadaha suurtagalka ah ee ereyga HIV.
> Ilo:
Carr, J .; Hocking, H .; Li, P .; et al. "Heerka iyo Hufnaanta Gudbinta Cudurka Virus-to-Cell ee Infakshanka Caabuqa Cadaadiska Insaymka Aadanaha laga bilaabo Macrophages Monocyte-Derived-ka Lehfafeyaha Dhiig-baxa." Virology. Diisambar 20, 1999; 265 (2): 319-329.
Doitsh, G .; Galloway, N .; iyo Geng, X. "Dhimashada Cell by Pyroptosis wuxuu xoojiyaa CD4 T-Cell Deportion ee HIV-1 Infekshinka." Pediatrics. Nofeembar 1, 2014; 134 (3): 509-514.
Galloway, N .; Doitsh, G .; Monroe, K.; et al. "Gudbinta HIV-1 ee loo yaqaan" Cell-to-Cell "ayaa looga baahan yahay in la dhaliyo dhimashada Pyroptotic ee Lymphoid-Tissue-Cached Cells Cells." Warbixinta Cell. Agoosto 4, 2015; lagu daabacay internetka; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.011.
Jaamacadda California ee Davis Center for Biophotonics Sayniska iyo Teknolojiyada. "First-Ever Video wuxuu muujinayaa sida HIV-ga u faafo inta u dhaxaysa unugyada difaaca." Sacramento, California; War-Saxaafadeed La soo saaray March 27, 2009.