Miyaad Ka Heli Kartaa Leukomiya Iibin Ionisis ama Raadin Ionayn ah?
Miyuu shucaac ka dhalan karaa saameeyaha? Noocyada shucaacu waa halis, sidee baad ku ogaan kartaa haddii aad amaan tahay?
Guudmarka
Shucaacu wuxuu keeni karaa lakiniya , laakiin ka hor inta aan la argagixin, wax yar ayaan ka hadli doonnaa noocyada shucaac ah ee khatar noqon kara. Noocyada shucaaca qaarkood ayaa loo yaqaanaa inay keenaan kansar, halka kuwa kalena aanay ahayn. Maalin kasta jirkeena waxaa soo gaadhay shucaaca nooca raajada, qalabka baaritaanka caafimaadka, microwaves, telefoonnada gacanta, mowjadaha raadiyaha, iyo xitaa qorraxda qorraxda, hase yeeshee qof waliba ma sameysna leukemia.
Aynu bilowno kala soocista noocyada kala duwan ee shucaac.
Noocyada Shucaac
Waxaa jira laba nooc oo shucaac ah:
- Shucaac la'aanta aan caadiga ahayn: - Shucuur noocan ah waa daciif yahay, waana waxa laga saaro taleefanka gacanta iyo shaashaddaada kombiyuutarkaaga. Inkastoo ay jiraan walaac ay ka qabaan shucaaca aan caadiga ahayn, tusaale ahaan, khatarta sii kordhaysa ee burooyinka maskaxda ee lagu xusay dadka isticmaala taleefannada gacanta, ayaa halista leetemia la yiraahdo aad u yar.
- Shucaaca aonizing: Shucaac noocan ah, dhanka kale, wuxuu leeyahay tamar badan . Xaqiiqdii, waxay leedahay tamar ku filan oo lagu jebiyo calaamadaha kiimikada qaarkood, ka saaraan electrons ka yimaada aaladaha, iyo waxyeellada DNA ee unugyada noo horseedaya kansarka. Dhamaan unugyada jirkeena waxaa lagu dhaawici karaa shucaac noocan ah.
Ilaha ilaha Ionaynta shucaaca
Shucaaca laftirka ayaa dhanba nagu wareegsan waxayna keeni kartaa kansar. Ilaha waxaa ku jiri kara:
- Raajo Caafimaad: Raajo, Baadhitaano CT, Sawirada PET, Sawirada Lafaha, Raajo Mammograms iyo Waxyaabo badan
- Waxyaabaha tubaakada: waxyaabaha ugu horreeya ee laga helo sheyga shucaaca ee ciidda ay ku koraan
- Qalabaynta walxaha shucaaca ku jira dhagaxa iyo ciidda
- Dab-bakhti (Radon): Dab-damisku waa gaas aan lahayn, gaas lahayn, oo lagu sii daayo qashinka caadiga ah ee uranium ee ciidda ka baxsan guryahayaga guryahayaga. Radon waa sababta labaad ee keenta kansarka sanbabada ka dib sigaar cabista, laakiin ma cadda wixii saxda ah ee ay ku leedahay leukemia
- Soo bandhigida shaqooyinka sida macdanta.
- Shilalka nukliyeerka sida mid ka mid ah warshadda tamarta nukliyeerka Chernobyl
- Bamamka Atomiga
Cabiraadda Heerarka Raajo
Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay isticmaalaan laba shuruudood oo aasaasiga ah marka ay ka hadlaan heerarka shucaac soo noqnoqda. Kuwaas waxaa loo tixgeliyaa asal ahaan. Millisievert (mSV) iyo milgary (mGy). Kuwa ku shaqeeya shaqooyinka leh shucaac, heerka xaddidaadda waa 50 mSv 1 sano, ama 100 mSv in ka badan 5 sano .
Shucaaca Leukemia iyo Ionizing
Leukemia waa mid ka mid ah noocyada ugu caansan ee kansarka ee soo baxa ka dib markii la shaacbixiyo shucaaca waxaana badanaa la ogaadaa gudaha 2 ilaa 5 sano. Noocyada kale ee kansar, sida miyeloma , waxay qaadan kartaa ilaa 15 sano si ay u horumariso.
Shucaaca loona yaqaan 'Ionizing radiation' ayaa lagu ogaadey inuu yahay kansar (ama kansar keena) oo kaliya dhawr sano ka dib markii raajo la helay. Cilmi-baadhayaashii hore waxay bilaabeen in ay la socdaan xanuunka ka dhex jira shaqaalaha shucaaca waxaana ay ogaadeen xiriir toos ah oo u dhexeeya shucaac iyo kansar. Dhawaanahan, dadweynaha aya soo gaadhay shucaaca intii lagu jiray Hiroshima iyo qaraxyada atomiska Nagaadaki, macdanta yaryar, iyo dadka loo daaweeyay xaalado caafimaad oo isticmaalaya shucaac fayow ayaa la baaray si loo xaqiijiyo xiriirka.
Leukemia iyo shucaaca daaweynta
Waan ognahay in shucaaca caafimaadka uu keeni karo kansar .
Waqtiga intiisa badan, hase yeeshee, khatarta waa mid aad u yar oo gebi ahaan la aqbali karo marka la barbar dhigo faa'iidooyinka.
Inta badan aqoonta waxay ka timaaddaa dadka qaada daweynta shucaaca ee kansarka . Daaweynta shucaacu ee goobtan waxay kordhin kartaa halista leetemia ee khadka qadar yar, laakiin waxay faa'iido weyn u leedahay daawaynta kansarka hadda jira.
Walaaca ayaa ka soo baxa marka laga hadlayo tijaabooyinka lagu sameeyo dad badan - baaritaano mararka qaarkood laga yaabo inay leeyihiin wax kale (sida ultrasound ama MRI) oo aan u keenin halista kansarka ee shucaac. Soo saarista shucaac caafimaad ayaa si weyn u kordhay Maraykanka.
Sanadkii 1982, celcelis ahaan Maraykanku wuxuu ku dhacay 0.5 mSv sanadkiiba. Sannadkii 2006 oo kor u kacday 3.0 mSv sannadkiiba - 6 laab oo korodhka soo-kabashada ayaa ku xiran shucaaca caafimaadka.
Haatan iminka si sax ah uma aragno sida shucaacu uga imaanayo baaritaanada ogaanshaha baaritaanka, laakiin qiyaastii ayaa lagu saleeyay bamamka aashitada. Iyadoo lagu saleynayo falanqayntan, waxaa la fekeray, sida laga soo xigtay FDA, taas oo la xiriirta 10 mSV waxay kordhisaa khatarta dhimashada kansarka illaa 1dii sannadkii 2000 .
Dhawaan, waxaa jiray cadaadis si loo yareeyo tirada unugyada aan loo baahnayn, gaar ahaan carruurta, kuwaas oo ay sabab u yihiin da'doodu waxay khatartoodu ka badan tahay soo-gaadhista. La soco su'aalahan si aad u weydiiso haddii ilmahaagu haysto CT scan . Si aad fikrad uga hesho shucaaca waxaa laga yaabaa inaad soo gaarto, halkan waxaa ku qoran tusaale:
- Duulimaadka diyaaradda (shucaaca cosmic) - 0.005 mSV / saac ee hawada
- Raajada feeraha (2 view) - 0.10 mSV
- Baaritaanka CT-ga Burka - 8.0 mSV
- Cabirka CT-ga ee Abdometer - 10.0 mSv
- Mammogram - 0.7 mSV
Heerka Amaanka ee Badbaadada?
Inkasta oo dadku ay ka mid yihiin kuwa heerarka sare ee shucaacu ku dhacdo mudo gaaban, way fududahay in la baadho oo waxbarto, aqoonyahaniintu wax badan kama yaqaanaan khatarta dadka u nugul heerarka hoose ee shucaaca. Dhammaanteen annaga ayaa naloo siiyaa qiyaasta shucaaca maalin kasta, lakiin dhammaanteen ma helno kansar. Cilmi-baadhayaashu ma yaqaanaan inta uu le'eg yahay shucaaca aadka u sarreeya iyo heerarkee loo tixgeliyaa xaddi "ammaan ah".
Ilaha:
Society Cancer Society. Raajo iyo raajo ma sameeyaan kansarka? La sii daayo 02/24/15. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/radiationexposureandcancer/xraysgammaraysandcancerrisk/x-rays-gamma-rays-and-cancer-risk-do-xrays-and-gamma-rays-cause-cancer
Djomina, E. iyo Barilyak, I. "Cawaaqibta Caafimaadka iyo Cawaaqooyinka Hiddaha ee Dhibaatooyinka Shucaac" Cytology iyo Genetics 2010. (44) 186-193.
Hay'adda Ilaalinta Deegaanka. "Ilaalinta Shucaac" https://www.epa.gov/radiation#riskofcancer soo dhajiyay 09/16/15.
Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka. (2006) "Saameynta Caafimaadka ee Shilalka Chernobyl iyo Barnaamijyada Daryeelka Caafimaadka Gaarka ah" http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43447/1/9241594179_eng.pdf La helay 03/05/16.
Yarbro, J. Carcinogenesis. Yarbro, C., Frogge, M., Goodman, M. iyo Groenwald, S. eds (2000). Kalkaalisada Kansarka: Mabaadi'da iyo Tababarka 5aad Ed Jones iyo Bartlett: Sudbury: MA (pp 48-59).