Trachea waa tubbada hawada ee weyn ee ka soo baxda caleemaha (sanduuqa codka) si ay u socdaan bambada (hawo-mareenada waaweyn ee sare ee sambabada).
Dhismaha
Trachea waxay ka kooban tahay siddeed kilyan oo dhererkeedu yahay 4 inji iyo 1 inch in dhexroor.
Hawlaha
Trachea waxay u adeegtaa sida marin meel u jirta si ay u oggolaato hawada ka soo baxaysa gobolka sanduuqa codka ilaa kan ugu weyn ee neefta (bronchi) kaas oo galaya sanbabada.
Xaaladaha Caafimaad
Trachea waxay ku lug yeelan kartaa caafimaad ahaan dhowr xaaladood. Qaar ka mid ah kuwaan waxaa ka mid ah:
- Tracheitis - Tracheitis waa infakshan ku dhaca trachea sida badanaa keena bakteeriyada Staphylococcus aureus. Aad ayey ugu badan tahay carruurta yaryar waxayna ku adkeyn kartaa neefsashada.
- Jirka shisheeye - Tani waxay dhacdaa marka jirro shisheeye ah lagu neefsado (afka laga qaato) iyada oo afka la mariyo kuna noqoto trachea. Waxay aad ugu badan tahay carruurta yaryar, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ku dhici kartaa waayeelka, ama kuwa qaba miyir-darrada oo yaraaday sabab kasta.
- Kansarka Tracheal - Cancer of trachea waa dhif iyo naadir. Kansarradaas badankoodu waa unugyada kansarka unugyada badanaa waxayna badanaa la xiriiraan sigaarka.
- Cudurka Tracheoesophageal Fistula - Si aad u yar, marin aan caadi ahayn oo loo yaqaan 'fistula' ayaa laga yaabaa inuu ka soo baxo trachea iyo hunguriga. Marka tani dhacdo, raashinka u dhex maraya hunguriga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu galo trachea, kadibna sanbabada. Tani waxay dhici kartaa marka kansarku jiro, gaar ahaan kansarka hunguriga hunguriga kaas oo baabi'inaya derbiyada trachea taas oo u oggolaanaysa marinkaas aan caadi ahayn in uu horumar sameeyo. Carruurta, fistula xanuunka tracheoesophageal ayaa la kobcin kara iyada oo ay weheliso unugyada aan dhamaystirneyn ee hunguriga (aspirin atresia). Qiyaastii 1 ka mid ah 4,000 oo carruur ah ayaa ku dhasha cilladahan. Nasiib wanaag, tani waa mid aad u daaweyn karta iyada oo la adeegsanayo koox khibrad u leh caafimaadka caruurta.
- Dhibaatada Tracheal - Marka trachea waxyeello soo gaarto, caaradu waxay yeelan kartaa horumarinta, trachea ayaa laga yaabaa inay noqoto mid cidhiidhi ah.
- Tracheobronchomalacia - Tracheobronchomalacia waa xaalad aan caadi aheyn oo cudurka trachea uu isku dhaco inta lagu jiro neefsashada iyo qufaca. Waxay badanaaba dhacdaa sida dhibaatada durbadiiba cudurrada dabadheeraad ah (COPD) waxayna sidoo kale u dhici kartaa inay noqoto mid cakiran oo ah isticmaalka qandhada casriga ah-guud ahaan muddada-dheer. Carruurta, waxaa laga yaabaa inay joogaan dhalasho ahaan sida cillad kale oo aan caadi ahayn.
Nidaamka
- Kalkaalidda Tracheal - Marka trachea ay noqoto mid cidhiidhi gasho sababtoo ah nabaro iyo barar, qalabka waxaa laga yaabaa in la dhigo kaas oo cirbadeynaya trachea.
- Isticmaalka Sonotracheal - Marka bukaanku aanu awoodin inuu neefsado naftiisa, sida qalliinka guud, waxaa laga yaabaa in tuubo loo yaqaan " endotracheal tube" laga dhex helo afka iyo trachea. Tuubadan ayaa markaa ku xiran aaladda farsamaysan si ay u oggolaato neefsashada inay dhacdo.
- Tracheostomy - Tracheostomy waa nidaam qalliin oo ah endotracheal.tube si toos ah loogu geliyo trachea. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa marka isticmaalka tubaako ama afka oo leh tuubo sonotracheal aanay suurtogal ahayn, ama marka qalabka neefsashada dheeraadka ah loo baahan yahay (sida marka qofku dareemo miyir daba dheeraato iyo coma.) Qaar ka mid ah shuruudaha kale ee loo isticmaalo tracheostomy waxaa ka mid ah burooyinka oo keena xannibaadda dabaysha, epiglottitis, trauma leh dhaawaca derbiga, ama dhaawac dhabarka lafdhabarta. Marka lagu daro bixinta hawo-qaadasho, tracheostomy waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in laga saaro qarsoonaanta hawo-mareenada.
Waxa kale oo la yaqaano: Dabeylaha
Tusaalooyinka: Kaadida Joe ayaa sii xumaatay dhowrkii toddobaad ee la soo dhaafay, waxaana uu baaritaankiisa ogaaday in kansarka sanbabada uu ku faafay trachea.
> Ilo:
> Xarunta Kansarka Ku-meel-gaarka ah. Kiliiniga dilaaca. https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/tracheal-diseases/diagnosis-mreatment-msk/treatment-tracheal-stenosis
> Machadka Kansarka Qaranka. SEER Module Tababar. Larynx iyo Trachea. https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/respiratory/passages/larynx.html
> Isbitaalka Carruurta ee Seattle. Cudurka dabaysha ee feeraha iyo fareemka hunguriga (esophageal atresia). http://www.seattlechildrens.org/medical-conditions/chromosomal-genetic-conditions/tef-and-ea/
> Maktabadda Mareykanka. MedlinePlus. Tracheitis La sii daayo 02/07/18. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000988.htm