Hadafyada Horumarinta Kun-sanadka (MDGs) waa siddeed ujeedooyin istiraatiiji ah oo ay aasaasay Qaramada Midoobay sannadkii 2000, taas oo ujeedadeedu tahay horumarinta tayada caalamka ee nolosha, caafimaadka, waxbarashada, horumarinta dhaqaalaha, iyo bay'ada 2015. oo ah wicitaan "joojin iyo laab" faafidda HIV, qaaxada, iyo duumada - gaar ahaan meelaha aadka u sarreeya sida Afrikada Saxaaraha.
Si loo gaaro hadafkan, tiro ururo ah, oo ay ka mid yihiin Barnaamijka Wadajirka ah ee Qaramada Midoobay ee HIV / AIDS (UNAIDS), ayaa dhigay bartilmaameedyo la qiyaasi karo oo lagu yaraynayo oo keliya heerka caalamiga ah iyo dhacdooyinka HIV, laakiin qaar badan oo ka mid ah caqabadaha bulshada kuwaas oo sii wadi doona dadaallada caafimaadka dadweynaha oo ay ku jiraan macaamiisha (oo ay ku jiraan dhaleeceynta HIV , rabshadaha jinsiga, iyo dembi-baarista HIV ).
Tan iyo markii la bilaabay MDGs, waxaa jiray labadaba cabashooyin iyo welwelo la xidhiidha sii wadida dadaalka UN-ka ee hogaaminaya, iyada oo la tixgelinayo maalgelinta ku timaadda masiibooyinka caalamiga ah iyo sii kordhaya - halkii ay yareyn lahayd tirada infekshannada cusub ee Tirada muhiimadaha muhiimka ah, oo ay ku jiraan Koonfur Afrika iyo Uganda.
Hadafka # 1: Hoos u Dhigida Gudbinta Galmada ee HIV-ga 50%
Laga soo bilaabo 2001 ilaa 2011, dhacdooyinka infekshinka cusub ee HIV ayaa hoos u dhacay qiyaastii 21% adduunka. Inkasta oo caynsanaanta warbaahin badani la siiyay warbixinta UNAIDS bishii Sebteembar 2013, sababtoo ah 33% hoos u dhaca infekshannada cusub, ayaa waxaa ku jiray lambarada dadka waaweyn iyo carruurta.
Marka laga eego aragtida gudbinta galmada oo keliya-gaar ahaan shakhsiyaadka da'doodu u dhaxayso 15-24 - hoos u dhaca ayaa ah kala bar waxa ay u aragtay UNAIDS, iyada oo xogta inteeda badani ay tilmaamayso in 25% hoos u dhac ku yimid Afrikada Saxaraha hoose iyo gobollada kale ee baahsan.
In badan oo ku saabsan weli waa sii kordhaya tirada sii kordheysa ee infekshannada cusub ee laga soo sheego Bariga Yurub iyo Bartamaha Aasiya, taas oo macno ahaan labanlaaban taniyo 2001 (oo badi ahaan loo isticmaalo isticmaalka isticmaalka daroogada).
Sidoo kale, ku guul daraysiga ah in uu ku dhaco caabuqa HIV ee ragga ragga u galmooda (MSM) waxay u badan tahay in ay gacan ka geystaan kor u kaca ama joogtaynta isbeddelka dalal badan oo horumaray oo aan horumar lahayn.
Marka la barbardhigo, guulo wax-ku-ool ah ayaa laga gaaray Karibiyaanka, halkaasoo heerka cudurkan cusub uu hoos u dhacay 43% isla muddadaas.
Ujeeddada # 2: Ku Dhex Yeelo 15 Milyan oo Qof oo HIV-ku Wanaagsan oo ku Salaysan Daaweynta Antiretroviral
Laga soo bilaabo Janaayo 2014, ku dhawaad 3 milyan oo qof oo ka mid ah dalalka soo koraya ayaa la dhigay daaweynta antiretroviral (ART) . Tilmaamaha daaweynta ballaariyay ee ay bixisay Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO) sannadka 2013-ka ayaa daweyntu hadda laga bilaabi karaa CD4 tirooyinka 500 unug / mL ama ka yar-keliya waxay kordhin doontaa suurtogalnimada isticmaalka ART.
Inkastoo horumarkaasi, bartilmaameedkii MDG ayaa la seegay 2010-kii, iyada oo kaliya 55% oo ka mid ah 14.4 milyan oo qof oo u baahan ART dhab ahaantii ay helayaan. Intaa waxa dheer, 28% oo kaliya ee carruurta xaqa u leh waxay heleen ART, in ka yar kala badh haweenka ART (63%).
Ilaa juunyo 2013, heerka ugu sareeya ee ART ayaa laga heley Latin America iyo Kariibiyaanka (68%), oo leh bariga Yurub iyo Bartamaha Aasiya oo muujinaya hoos u dhac yar (19%).
Iyada oo ku saleysan isbedelada hadda jira, waxaa suurtogal ah in la bartilmaameedsado bartilmaameedka 15 milyan ee ART dhammaadka sannadka 2015, gaar ahaan marka soo iibsiga caynka ayaa yaraynaya kharashka qaar ka mid ah daawooyinka daroogada ah illaa $ 8 bishii.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, illaa iyo inta boqolkiiba 50% hoos u dhigi karto boqolkiiba 50 ilaa sannadka 2020, inta badan rajo-gelinta, cadaadiska dhaqaale ee bixinta ART ee dadka sii kordhaya ee HIV waxay noqon doonaan kuwo weyn.
Yoolka # 3: In la tirtiro Hooyada u-gudbinta Hooyada ee HIV iyo yaraynta Hooyada u Dhintey AIDS-ku-dilka 50%
Bishii Juun 2013, UNAIDS waxay sheegtay in toddobo dal oo Afrikaan ah ay 50% hoos u dhigeen infekshanka HIV-ga ee carruurta laga soo bilaabo 2009-kii. Badankooda guushu waxay u sabab tahay naqshadeynta barnaamijyada antiretrovovirus si looga hortago gudbinta hooyada ilmo-dhalida (MTCT), iyada oo barnaamijka 75% daboolida waxyaabo badan oo muhiim ah. Koonfurta Afrika oo keliya, sicirka MTCT ayaa hoos u dhacay 5%, hoos uga soo dhacay 37% ee 2000.
Sidoo kale, waxqabadyada MTCT ee Botswana iyo Namibiya ayaa hadda si fiican u macaamilaya 90%, iyaga oo u dhow waxa loo tixgelin doono caynsanaanta guud ee dadkan muhiimka ah.
Marka la eego geerida carruurta, MDG-yada waxa ay ku baaqeen in la yareeyo geerida hooyada la xiriirta HIV-ga dhimashada 38 dhimasho 100,000 dhalasho. Xogta inteeda badani waxay soo jeedineysaa in hadafyadaas la gaari karo, iyadoo lala wadaagayo wadamada sida Koonfurta Afrika ay u yartahay 60 dhimasho oo la xiriira HIV-ga 100,000 oo dhalasho ah illaa 2014.
Weli, waxaa jira walaac ay ka qabaan tirada carruurta ee helaya ART. Inkasta oo hoos-u-dhigga caymisku uu kordhay 15% marka loo eego 2009 ilaa 2011, tiradaas ayaa wali ka dambeysa kuwa ragga iyo haweenka qaangaarka ah (21%).
Yoolka # 4: Xannibo Tirada Qaaxada Qaaxada ee Dadka ku nool HIV
MDG-yada ayaa ku baaqay in la yareeyo dhimashada qaaxada (tiibayda) ee dadka la nool HIV-ga in ka yar 250,000 sanadka 2015-ka. In kasta oo TB-du ay weli tahay sababta ugu badan ee dhimashada dadkan loo geystey, horumarka joogtada ah ayaa lagu arkay dhowr dawladaha mudnaanta leh, 17 ka mid ah 44 ka mid ah warbixinta ka badan 50% dhimista dhimashada tan 2013.
Guud ahaan, waxaa jiray hoos u dhac ku yimid 38% dhimashada qaaxada la xiriirta, taas oo ay sii kordhisay aqoonsiga qaaxada, xakamaynta cudurka oo weyn, iyo isticmaalka baahsan ee daawooyinka prophylactic si looga hortago caabuqyada dadka nugul.
Kordhinta suurtagalnimada ART ayaa sidoo kale ka qayb qaadatay hoos u dhaca, gaar ahaan fulinta "daaweyn toos ah oo indha-indheyn" (DOT) ee dalal badan oo aad u baahsan. Istaraatijiyad, oo daawooyinka qaaxada (tiibaydu) la siiyo maalin kasta kormeerayaal xushmeynaya, ayaa keentay in 85% daaweyn lagu helo qaar ka mid ah gobollada ugu daran.
Inkastoo ay taasi jirto, waxaa jira tiro caqabado ah oo caqabad ku ah horumarka. Maanta, in ka badan saddex meelood meel xarumaha daaweynta qaaxada (TB) ma bixiyaan DOT, inta badan kiisaska daawada u adkeysata daawooyinka badan ee daawada looma aqoonsana ama lama daaweyn sida waafaqsan tilmaamaha WHO. Dhibaato badan oo ku saabsan xaqiiqda ah, dalalka leh HIV / TB-da aadka u sarreeya, kaliya Kenya iyo Malawi ayaa bixinaya ART in ka badan 50% kiisaska. Horumarin dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan yahay in la sameeyo si loo hubiyo dhimista dhimashada la xiriirta qaaxada ee gobolladan.
Ilaha:
Barnaamijka Horumarinta ee Qaramada Midoobay. "La dagaallanka HIV / AIDS, Malariya iyo Cudurada kale." MDGmonitor New York, New York.
Guddiga Cilmi-baarista Farsamada (HSRC). "Kormeerka Qaran ee Ka-hortagga HIV-ga, Dhibaatada iyo Habdhaqanka Dabeecadda, 2012." Pretoria, Koonfur Afrika; la daabacay Abriil 1, 2014.
Barnaamijka Qaramada Midoobay ee HIV / AIDS (UNAIDS). "2013 Warbixinta Horumarka ee Qorshaha Caalamiga ah." Geneva, Switzerland; la daabacay Juun 2013.
Barnaamijka Qaramada Midoobay ee HIV / AIDS (UNAIDS). "UNAIDS waxay hoos u dhigeysaa 52% hoos u dhaca infakshannada cusub ee HIV-ga ee carruurta iyo isku-darka 33% hoos loogu dhigo dadka waaweyn iyo caruurta tan iyo 2001." Geneva, Switzerland; saxaafadeed la soo saarey September 23, 2013.
Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO). "Tilmaamayaasha isdhaafsan ee isticmaalka dawooyinka antiretrovoviral si loogu daaweeyo loogana hortago cudurka HIV." Geneva, Switzerland; soo saaray Juun 30, 2013.
Barnaamijka Qaramada Midoobay ee HIV / AIDS (UNAIDS). "Kaydinta Koonfur Afrika ee soo iibsiga daawooyinka antiretrovoviral si kor loogu qaado helitaanka daaweynta dadka qaba HIV." Geneva, Switzerland; saxaafadeed ay soo saartay November 30, 2012.
Friedan, T. iyo Sbarbaro, J. "Horumarinta raacitaanka daaweynta qaaxada: muhiimada tooska ah ee indha-indheynta." Xog-ogeysiinta Hay'adda Caafimaadka Adduunka. Geneva, Switzerland; May 2007; 85 (5) 325-420.