Harvoni: Daroogo kale oo la yaab leh oo looga jeedo Cagaarshow C

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Dhammaan Hail, Harvoni!

Waxay yiraahdaan ma gelin kartid qiimaha caafimaadkaaga. In ka badan $ 1000 kiniin ah, daroogada cusub ee daroogada ah, Harvoni , ayaa laga yaabaa inay caddaynayso xasaasiyad this.

Oktoobar 10-keedii, 2014, FDA waxay ogolaatay in dhakhtar la yiraahdo Harvoni, oo ah daroogo cusub oo loogu talagalay fayraska cagaarshow C ee faafa. Sannadkii 2014, Harvoni wuxuu ahaa daroogada saddexaad ee ay ansixisay FDA si loo daaweeyo cagaarshowga C waxaana la xusi karaa waxtarkeeda cajiibka ah iyo hal maalin-maalin, maamulka afka.

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Waa maxay Cagaarshowga C?

Cagaarshowga C waa fayruska RNA oo sababa cagaarshow ama caabuqa beerka. Xilligan, cagaarshowga C waa sababta ugu weyn ee keena cudurrada beerka ee joogtada ah ee Maraykanka iyo saameyn ku yeesha 3 boqolkiiba dadka adduunka. Cagaarshowga C wuxuu ku faafaa dhiig ama walxo dhiig, iyo ka hor intaan la helin baaritaanka ku filan fayruska, dad badan ayaa ku dhacay cudurka ka dib markii dhiig lagu shubo. Waqtiga xaadirka ah, dadka badankood waxay ku dhacaan hepatitis C ka dib marka la wadaago cirbadaha marka la isticmaalo daroogooyinka sharci darrada ah.

Cagaarshow C waa pathogen yare ah oo dhif ah oo keena jirro muuqata oo caafimaad oo muuqda. Taa baddalkeeda, dad badan ayaa laga helaa ka dib marka la soo bandhigo cudurrada joogtada ah - celcelis ahaan, 10 ilaa 18 sano ka dib marka lagu qaado fayraska. Waxaa intaa dheer, infekshanka fayraska cagaarshow C wuxuu keenaa cudur ba'an oo ka badan 85 boqolkiiba dadka cudurka qaba.

Cagaarshow C wuxuu leeyahay cilad-celin loogu talagalay hepatocytes ama unugyada beerka. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, fayrasku si dhakhso ah ayuu isu beddelayaa sidaas darteed shaqo fiican ayuu ka soo baxayaa nidaamka difaaca jidhka. Daawada muddada dheer ama joogto ah waxay ugu dambeyntii keentaa necrosis baahsan ama dhimasho unugyada beerka iyo cirrhosis. Cirrhosis ayaa u muuqda sida unugyada yaryar oo isku qasan oo leh qanjidhada casriga ah ee beerka siinaya muuqaal "dabacsan". Ugu dambeyntii, cagaarshow C wuxuu keenaa in uu hoos u dhaco hawlaha beerka iyo shaqada beerka. Ugu dambeyn, infakshanka joogtada ah ee cagaarshow C wuxuu kordhiyaa khatarta cudurka kansarka hepatocellular ama kansarka beerka. Calaamadaha, khamriga, sigaarcabka, buurnaanta iyo isku-buufinta cudurrada kale sida HIV (ama xitaa fayraska cagaarshowga nooca B) waxay ka dhigaan infakshanka cagaarshowga C inuu ka sii daro.

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Daaweyn Ka hor Maaweelada Daroogada sida Harvoni

Sanadkii la soo dhaafay, FDA waxay ku jirtey ilmo oo la aqbalay 3 daawo oo kala duwan loogu talagalay daaweynta cagaarshowga C: Harvoni iyo ilma adeerkiis oo kiimikada ah Olysio (simeprevir) iyo Sovaldi. Si kastaba ha noqotee, si kastaba ha ahaatee, daaweynta daroogada kaliya ee lagu beegsanayo fayraska cagaarshowga C waa interferon pegylated oo lagu daray Ribavirin. Doorashadan, inkastoo ay waxtarkeedu hagaagsan yahay, waxtar uma leh helitaanka jawaab celin joogta ah oo fayaqaale ah ("bogsiin") marka loo eego Harvoni iyo ilma adeerkiis. Waxaa intaa dheer, interferon iyo Ribavirin way adagtahay in la maamulo, waqti dheer qaato si ay u maamulaan, waxayna leeyihiin waxyeelo ka sii dar badan daawooyinka sida Harvoni.

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Marka waa maxay Harvoni?

Harvoni waxay ku xiran tahay daroogada daroogada loo yaqaan antivirals toos ah. Daawooyinkani waa kuwo sax ah oo wax ku ool ah marka la beegsanayo taranka fayruuska marka loo eego interferon interfirta iyo Ribavirin. Xasuusta, Harvoni waxay si fiican u cadeeyeen dadka si caadi ah u daaweynaya daaweynta cagaarshowga C. Intaa waxaa dheer, Harvoni waxaa loo maamulaa sida kiniinka isku dhafan ee isku dhafan iyo waa kan ugu horreeya fasalka si loo maamulo iyada oo aan la dhexgalin interferon iyo Ribavirin. Dhibaatooyinka kaamilanimada, in ka badan 90% ka qaybqaatayaasha, labadaba iyo aan lahayn cirrhosis, ayaa heley Harvoni jawaab celinta jiritaanka fayraska ("daawo") ka dib 12kii todobaad ee daaweynta.

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Waa Maxay Harvoni Muujineysaa?

Haddii adiga ama qof aad taqaanid uu leeyahay cagaarshowga C, Harvoni waa daaweyn aad u ballaaran. Marka hore, baadhitaanada ayaa muujinaya in daaweynta fayruska ee looga golleeyahay in la ciribtiro fayraska cagaarshowga C waxay hagaajin kartaa taariikhda beerka oo waxay ka hortageysaa beerka sii xumaanaya. Marka labaad, Harvoni, oo ka timaadda qaab kiniini isku dhafan, ayaa ah mid wax ku ool ah oo sahlan in la qaado marka loo eego dawladaha dhexe ee interferon iyo Ribavirin. Saddexaad, Harvoni waxa ay si fiican u cadeeyeen dadka si caadi ah ugu adkeysanaya daaweynta cagaarshowga C (bukaanka qaba cirrhosis ama genotype 1).

Qoraalka kama dambaysta ah, daawooyinka sida Harvoni ayaa helay saxaafado badan si ay u noqdaan kuwo qaali ah. Nidaamka 12-usbuuc wuxuu ku kici karaa $ 94,500 ama in ka badan $ 1,000 doolar! (Ama, ku xiran sida aad u eegi lahayd, qiimaha Mercedes-Benz S550.) Waxaa intaa dheer, barnaamijyo dawlad goboleedyo badan oo Medicaid ah ayaa leh waqti adag oo daboolaya kharashka daaweynta noocan ah waxayna u baahan tahay in bukaanku la kulmo shuruudo adag helitaanka oggolaansho hore.

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Xusuusin kama dambeys ah ...

Daroogada sida Harvoni ayaa kufsi kufsi ah inay ku qaali noqdaan. Hubi in ay kharash badan yihiin, laakiin caafimaadka dadweynaha iyo qiimaha tayada nolosha ee bedelka kale - ma laha daaweyn waxtar leh dadka qaba cagaarshowga C ee joogtada ah - oo ka badan qiyaastii boqolkibaasha qarashka daaweynta. Horumarka daroogada sida Harvoni waa daaweyn dhab ah oo dhab ah (mana isticmaalo ereygan si khafiif ah). Daroogadaasi waxay ballan-qaadeysaa in ay dadka ka caawiso jirradda ugu badan ee la iska iloobo inay ka fogaadaan noloshooda dabiiciga ah, iyo, dabeecadda, khatarta ka dhalata dabacsanaanta qoyska, asxaabta iyo kuwa ay jecel yihiin.

_{Ilaha la Xushay}

_{Dienstag JL. Cutubka 304. Cagaarshowga Cagaarshow Badan. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Mabaadii'da Harrison ee Daawooyinka gudaha, 18e. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012. Lasoo gooyey Oktoobar 14, 2014.}

_{Dienstag JL. Cutubka 306. Cagaarshowga daba dheeraaday. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Mabaadii'da Harrison ee Daawooyinka gudaha, 18e. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012. Lasoo gooyey Oktoobar 14, 2014.}

_{http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm376449.htm. Gaaray 10/14/2014.}

_{"Simeprevir ee loogu talagalay daaweynta fayraska cagaarshowga C" by Laure Izquierdo et al oo ka socda Pharmacogenetics iyo Daawada Shakhsi ahaaneed ee la daabacay Agoosto 14, 2014. Helitaanka 10/14/2014}

_{"Daaweynta Timaha ee Cagaarshow C" by Do Young Kim et al oo ka soo jeeda Gut Beerka la daabacay Sebtembar 2014. Helitaanka 10/14/2014.}

_{http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4164256 /}

_{Ryan KJ, Ray C. Cutubka 13. Cagaarshowga Cagaarshowga. In: Ryan KJ, Ray C. eds. Sherris Medical Microbiology, 5e. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2010. Waxaa la hellay Oktoobar 14, 2014.}