Waxa aynu baranay iyo sida loo baadho cilmibaaris sare
Tan iyo maalmaha ugu horreeya ee cudurkan HIV-ga, aqoonyahaniintu waxay si joogta ah u eegi jireen shakhsiyaadka HIV-ga qaba ee aan horay u soo bixin AIDS-ka , waxayna awoodeen inay ilaaliyaan xajinta CD4 iyo culeyska fayrasta ee hooseeya ee aan la ogaan karin iyada oo aan daaweyn, badanaaba tobannaan sano.
Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, sida cilmiga HIV-ga ayaa si aad ah u billowday, waxqabadyo caafimaad oo dhowr ah ayaa u muuqday in ay yeesheen isla (ama wax la mid ah) dadka cudurka HIV la yaqaan ee HIV-xitaa sida muuqata "cad" fayraska oo dhan jirkooda.
Waxa aan ka bartay-oo sii wadno inaan barto-laga bilaabo shakhsiyaadkaan waxay hal maalin siin karaan saynisyahanno aqoonta loo baahan yahay si ay ugu suurta gasho in ay jaangooyo cudurka HIV ama cirib tirka HIV-ga.
Halkan waxa ku jira sheeko gaaban oo ku saabsan kooxaha ama shakhsiyaadka "khiyaameeyay" HIV waxayna gacan ka gaysteen in ay soo gudbiyaan cilmiga HIV-ga:
Stephen Crohn, "Ninka ma qaadi karin Caabuqa AIDS-ka"
Stephen Crohn, oo lagu magacaabo "Ninka aan qaadan karin AIDS-ka" wargeyska Madaxa-bannaan ee UK, ayaa lagu ogaadey in uu qabsoomay lagu magacaabo "delta 32" mutaddawiciin ah qabtayaasha CCR5 ee unugyada CD4, isbeddelka kaas oo si wax ku ool ah uga hortagaya HIV-gu inuu soo galo unugyada difaaca jirka. Crohn waxay markii ugu horreysay u timid Dr. Bill Paxton oo ka tirsan Xarunta Cilmi-baadhista AIDS-ka ee Aaron Aaron Diamond AIDS-kii 1996-kii, kadib markii baaritaanno lagu sameeyey aysan jirin calaamado cudur ah inkastoo uu yeeshay lammaanayaal badan oo jinsi ah, oo dhammaantood ka dhintay AIDS-ka. Isbeddelka ayaa tan iyo markii loo aqoonsaday in ka yar 1% dadweynaha.
Natiijada ka soo baxday "CCR5-delta-32" mutation waxay keentay in la horumariyo daroogada daawada CCR5 ee daroogada Selzentry (maraviroc) , iyo habka unugyada unugyada unugyada jirka ee loo adeegsado "si shaqsi ahaan loo daaweeyo" bukaanka HIV ee Timo Ray Brown 2009 ( eeg hoosta ).
Wuxuu ku dhashay 1946-dii, Crohn uu ismiidaaminayey 23-kii Agoosto, 2013, isagoo da'diisu ahayd 66 jir.
Timothy Ray Brown, "Bukaanka Berlin"
Timothy Ray Brown, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan "Patient Berlin," ayaa ah qofka ugu horreeyay ee la rumeysan yahay in uu "si firfircoon u bogsaday" HIV.
Wuxuu ku dhashay Maraykanka, Brown waxaa la siiyey lafo-beel laf dhab ah 2009-kii si loogu daaweeyo cudurka leukemia ee daran. Dhakhaatiirta Isbitaalka Charité ee magaalada Berlin, Jarmalka ayaa soo xushay deeq-bixiye unugga oo leh laba nuqul oo ah CCR5-delta-32 mutation, oo loo yaqaano in lagu bixiyo HIV-ga. Baaritaannada joogtada ah ayaa la sameeyey isla markii la sameeyay ka dib markii la ogaadey in unugyada difaaca HIV ay hoos u dhaceen si ay u soo jeediyaan ciribtirka dhamaystiran ee fayraska ka jira nidaamka.
Inkasta oo Brown uu sii wadi doono inuu muujiyo calaamadaha HIV-ga, laba isbeddel oo unugyada qaliinka ah ee ay sameeyeen dhakhaatiirta Brigham iyo Isbitaalka Haweenka ayaa ku fashilmay in ay helaan natiijooyin isku mid ah, labaduba waxay qabaan fayruska dib-u-dhaca ka dib 10 iyo 13 bilood baaritaan aan la ogaan karin. Si kastaba ha noqotee, bukaanadaas laguma tarjumin Delta 32 mutation.
"Deeqaha 45"
Sanadkii 2010, nin nasiib darro African-American, oo loo yaqaan 'Donor 45,' ayaa lagu ogaaday in uu haysto difaac adag oo HIV ah oo la yiraahdo VRC01 oo cilmi-baarayaasha ka sameeyay Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Tallaalka Machadka Alerji iyo Cudurrada Cudurrada (NIAID).
Waxa muxaadaro ahaan u jahawareeray helitaanka xaqiiqda ah in VRC01 ay awood u leedahay in ay ku xirto 90% dhammaan noocyada caalamiga ah ee HIV-ga, si wax ku ool ah u xakameynaya cudurka sida xitaa fayrasku isbeddelayo.
Iyada oo ay sabab u tahay kala duwanaanta hidde-wanaaga HIV-ga , badanaa difaaca difaaca ma awoodaan in ay gaaraan heerkan hawsha.
Helitaanka baadhitaanku waxay gacan ka gaysatay ballaarinta cilmi-baarista ku aaddan dhiirigelinta difaaca jirka ee ballaadhan , taas oo laga yaabo inay hal maalin maalin ka hortagto ama sii yaraato horumarka cudurka iyada oo aan la isticmaalin daawooyinka antiretrovoviral.
Cilmi-baarista ku-meel-gaarka ah ee 2011-ka waxay qeexday laba afrika oo qaba HIV-ga oo la mid ah difaaca jirka ee VRC01.
Visconti Cohort
Bishii Abriil 2013, sheekada sheekada Mississippi ee "si firfircoon wax looga qabtey" ee HIV ee la qabtay. Ilmaha, oo la siiyay daaweyn antiretroviral ah waqtiga dhalashada, ayaa lagu soo warramey in laga tirtiray fayruska iyo "si firfircoon loo daaweeyo" HIV .
Inkastoo cunuggu ugu dambeyntii la kulmi doono fayruska fayruuska sanadka 2014 , dib u soo celinta sheegashooyinka daweyn noocaas ah, waxaa jira talooyin ku saabsan in horey wax uga-qabashada daroogada ay leedahay faa'iidadiisa iyada oo looga hortagayo HIV in uu ku dhuumanayo meelo badan oo ka mid ah kaydka qarsoon ee jirka.
Ka dib markii cirbada kiiskii Mississippi ee carruurta ahaa warbixinta Faransiiska oo 14 ka mid ah 70 bukaanno ah ee baaritaanka Visconti la sheegay in ay awood u leeyihiin inay si buuxda u xajiyaan culeyska fayrasta iyada oo aan daaweyn ka dib markii lagu soo qoro fayrasta muddo 10 toddobaad ah oo infekshan ah.
Mid kasta oo ka mid ah kiisaska, daaweynta ayaa durbadiiba joojiyay bukaanka. 14 ka mid ah oo awood u leh in ay ilaaliyaan xayiraadaha fayruuska ee joogtada ah (qaar ka badan toddoba sanno), CD4 ayaa tiradoodu ka korodhay celcelis ahaan 500 ilaa 900 unug / mL halka culeyska fayrasku hoos uga dhacay 500,000 ilaa in ka yar 50 unug / mL. Cilmi-baaris dheeraad ah ayaa loo sameeyaa si loo ogaado haddii ay jiraan arrimo kale, hiddo-wadaha ama fayruska, oo wax ku noqday natiijooyinka.
Daraasadu waxay gacan ka gaysatay xoojinta doodda "tijaabo iyo daaweyn" istaraatiijiyadeed, taas oo daaweynta hore ay u dhaxeyn karto xakamaynta fayruuska ee weyn. Inkastoo horey wax uga-qabashada ay dhab ahaantii ku celin karto infekshin- sida qaar ka mid ah ay soo jeediyeen kiiskii Mississippi ee carruurta-weli badi shaki. Mas'uuliyiinta intooda badani waxay hadda soo jeedinayaan in "sii-hayntu sii socoto" ay tahay mid ku habboon, iyadoo la raacayo dib-u-dhaca ku yimid kiisaska "daaweynta ficilka".
Farqiga Faransiiska Faro-Gelinta La Qaadsiiyo
Bishii July ee sannadka 2015, aqoonyahano faransiis ah ayaa mar kale ku dhawaaqay kiis is-qaadsiin joogta ah oo HIV ah, waqtigaan gabadh 18 jir ah oo awooday in ay ku adkeyso xakamaynta faayraska 12 sano iyada oo aan lahayn daaweyn antiretroviral ah. Sida ilmo Mississippi ka hor, iyada oo dhallinyaradu la siiyey daaweyn isku-dhafan wakhtiga dhalashada, taas oo loo qoray mudo shan sano ah-badanaa badanaa iyada oo ay sabab u tahay dhibaatada fayrasta ee loo yaqaan 'viral rebound' sababo la xidhiidha adkaynta daroogada HIV.
Sannadkii shanaad, waalidkeed ayaa ka soo jiidatay barnaamijka cilmi-baarista iyo joojinta daaweynta guud ahaan. Marka ay soo laabtaan sanad kadib, iyaga iyo cilmi-baarayaashu waxay la yaabeen inay ogaadaan in ilmuhu leeyahay fayras aan la ogaan karin, taasoo ah gabadhu ay awood u leedahay inay sii wado tan iyo intii.
Baaritaanka mustaqbalka waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu ogaado qaababka, hidaha ama kuwa kale, ee kantaroolka noocaas ah ee dhalinyarada Faransiiska iyo kuwa waaweyn ee qaangaarka ah ee Visconti.
Ilaha:
Hütter, G .; Nowak, D .; Mossner, M .; et al. "Kontoroolka Muddada-dheer ee HIV-ga ee CCR5 Delta32 / Delta32 Qalabka Qalitaanka-Qaadashada." Somali Journal of Medicine. Febraayo 12, 2009; 360: 692-698.
Zhang, Z .; Wu, X .; Longo, N .; et al. "Deep Sequencing iyadoo la adeegsanayo baaritaan dheer oo ah jawaab-celinta antibody VRC01 sida qof shakhsiyan ah oo cudurka qaba." Retrovirology. Sebtembar 13, 2012; 9 (2): O36.
Machadka Qaran ee Xasaasiyadda iyo Caabuqyada Cudurada (NIAID). "'Mississippi Baby' hadda waxay qabtaa HIV, baadhayaasha ayaa hela." ScienceDaily. Julaay 10, 2014.
Sáez-Cirión, A ;; Bacchus, C .; Hocqueloux, L .; et al. "Daaweynta Daaweynta Daawada HIV-1 ee Ka-Hortaga Daaweynta Muddada Dheer ee Waqtiga Ka Dib Kala-tegidda Daaweynta Dabaysha Hore ee Antiretroviral" ANRS VISCONTI Study. " Baadhitaanka Patho. Maarso 14, 2013; 0 (3): e1003211.
Frange, P .; Faye, A .; Avettand-Fenoëll, et al. "Dhibaatada HIV-1 ee mudo ka badan 11 sano ka dib markii ay joojisay daaweynta antiretroviral ee horay loo bilaabay ilmaha ilmo qaba cudurka. Shirka 8aad ee IAS ee Baaritaanka Cudurada, daaweynta iyo ka hortagga HIV; Julaay 20, 2015; Vancouver, British Columbia; afka lagaabaro MOAA0105LB.