Su'aal: Maxay tahay Maxkamadda Degdegga ah?
Jawaab:
Qalabaynta sanka ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo ciriiri ( sanka oo cabursan , sanka duufka , iwm ...). Taabashada inta badan waxaa keena hargabka caadiga ah, iyo infekshanka neefta sare ama xasaasiyad. Si aad u fahamto sida ay u shaqeynayaan sanka kudhigga ah waxaa muhiim ah in la sharaxo sida ciriirigu dhaco. Dad badan ayaa u maleynaya in ciriiriintu ay keento dheecaan (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno phlegm ama drainage) ayaa xannibaya marinka sanka.
Tani qayb ahaan waa run. Dhiciddu waxay dhacdaa marka xididdada dhiigga ee sanka ku sii faafaya. Inta badan qiyaasaha dareeraha sanka, sidaas awgeed, waxay keenaan dhiig-bax (dhiig-baxa).
Waxaa sidoo kale jira qaar ka mid ah dareerayaasha sanka oo shaqeynaya iyaga oo xiraya kiimikada jirka ee loo yaqaan histamine. Kuwani waa kuwa sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo dawooyinka afka laga qaato marka loo eego buufiska sanka. Tusaalooyinka antihistamiin waxaa ka mid ah Zyrtec (ceterisine), Claritin (loratadine), Allegra (fexofenadine), iyo Benadryl (diphenhydramine). Histamine waa maadi ah taasoo keenta xididdada dhiigga inay noqoto mid weyn, barar, cuncun iyo qaar badan oo ka mid ah calaamadaha ku dhaca xilliga falcelinta xasaasiyadda. Antihistamine sanka ku dhaca ayaa joojiya histamine wuxuuna si fiican u shaqeeyaa dadka qaba xasaasiyadda xilliyeed.
Dhiig-bixiye badan ayaa ah daawooyinka isku-dhafan ee suuq-gareeya sida daawooyinka qabow ee laga yaabo in ay ku jiraan antihistamine oo ay weheliso nooc kale oo adag.
Tusaale ahaan, Dimetapp, Claritin-D, ama Chlor-Trimetron. Dawada isku dhafan inta badan waxay ujeedadeedu tahay inay yareyso saameynta daawada leh daawada leh saameyn soocid. Tusaale ahaan, dawo isticmaalaya daweyn aan caadi aheyn sida pseudoephedrine oo keeni karta dhirbaaxo iyo hurdo la'aan ayaa lala xiriiri karaa antihistamine sida Benadryl (diphenhydramine) kaas oo keeni kara hurdo.
Tusaalooyinka kale ee hannaanka dareeraha sanka waxaa ka mid ah:
- oxymetazoline (Afrin)
- pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
- phenylephrine
- levo-methamphetamine
- naphazoline
- phenylpropanolamine (laga bilaabo bisha December 2015 FDA waxay qaadaysaa tallaabooyin si looga qaado dawadan suuqgeynta)
- propylhexedrine (Benzedrex, Obesin)
- synephrine (Neo-synephrine, kalluunka qorraxdheer)
- tetrahydrozoline (imidazolin)
- mometasone furoate monohydrate (Nasonex)
- fluticasone (Flonase)
- budesonide (Rhinocort)
- Ciclesonide (Omnaris)
Noocyada Nasal waxaa badanaa laga doorbidaa daawada afka laga qaato sababtoo ah waxay bixiyaan gargaarka degdegga ah ee cirridka sanka waxaana laga yaabaa in ay yeeshaan waxyeelo yar marka daaweyntu ay ku meel gaar ah u tahay jirka.
Inkastoo in badan oo ka mid ah dareerayaasha sanka laga helo miisaanka, waa inaad marwalba ka hubsataa dhakhtarkaaga ama farmashiistahaaga ka hor inta aadan isticmaalin nadiifiye sanka. Qaar ka mid ah daroogada ayaa sababi kara xaalad la yiraahdo ciriiri ciriiri ah haddii loo isticmaalo in ka badan seddex cisho oo isku xigta, (tani badanaaba waa halis ah daawooyinka corticosteroid). Tani waxaa kale oo mararka qaarkood loogu yeeraa sida mukhaadaraad lagu buufiyo sanka ama rinjiga daawada (RM). Soo saarayaasha qaar ka mid ah hannaanka cusub ee sanka sida Nasonex waxay ku andacoodaan in ciriiriga ciriiriga ah uusan halis u ahayn alaabtiisa.
Qaar badan oo ka mid ah dareeraha sanka ayaa sidoo kale ka hortagaya bukaanada qaba glaucoma, dhibaatooyin wadnaha ama cadaadiska dhiigga oo sareeya maadaama ay kordhin karaan heerka wadnahaaga iyo cadaadiska dhiigga. Sababtaas awgeed waxaad u baahan kartaa inaad ka taxadarto qaadashada aqbaartaada adigoo isticmaalaya dareeraha sanka. Ragga qaba qanjo barar weyn ayaa laga yaabaa in ay ku adkaato kaadida markaad qaadato daroogada. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah dareerayaasha sanka waa inaysan qaadin shakhsiyaadka sidoo kale qaata MAO xanuunka. Sidoo kale waa inaad la tashataa takhtarkaaga ka hor inta aadan isticmaalin daroogada sanka haddii aad uur leedahay ama naas nuujinayso. Had iyo jeer raac tilmaamaha ku qoran calaamadda si taxadar leh ula tasho dhakhtarkaaga ama farmashiistaha wixii su'aalo ah ee aad qabtid ka hor inta aadan isticmaalin nadiifiye sanka.
Ilaha:
Akadamiyadda Mareykanka ee Otolaryngology - Qalitaanka Madaxa iyo Qalabka. Antihistamines, Dib-u-dhiska, iyo Qalabka Cold. Lagu heley: Febraayo 28, 2016 laga bilaabo http://www.entnet.org/content/antihistamines-decongestants-and-coldiesr
Medscape. Isticmaalka Ammaanka ee Nabadgelyo Badan. Lagu heley: Febraayo 28, 2016 laga bilaabo http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/484014
Merriam Webster. Taariikhda. Abaalmarinta: Abriil 27, 2010 laga bilaabo http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/histamine