Baro asaaska asaasiga daaweynta antiboyaalku
Daaweynta antibioal antibody waa daaweyn loogu talagalay kansarka . Marmarka qaarkood waxaa loo yaqaan 'immunotherapy'. Qaliinka , kemotherabi , iyo daaweynta shucaaca ayaa weli ah ikhtiyaarka daaweynta muhiimka ah ee kansarka mindhicirka, daaweynta antibody monoclonal ayaa noqoneysa mid si ballaaran loo heli karo isticmaalka. Daawooyinka antibody-ka ee ugu badan ee lagu maamulo kansarka mindhicirka waa Bevacizumab (Avastin), Cetuximab (Erbitux), iyo Panitumumab (Vectibix).
Maxay yihiin Antibonosku
Unugyada difaaca ee Monoclonal waa borotiino lagu sameeyay shaybaar. Barootinnadan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu soo dhejiyo meelaha dusha sare ee unugyada kansarka waxayna farageliyaan koritaankooda iyo faafitaanka. Daawooyinka Monoclonal waxay la mid yihiin unugyada difaaca jidhkaagu jirku si dabiici ah u soo saaro marka aad qaadato bakteeriyada ama fayraska, sida hargab ama hargabka.
Sidee u shaqeeyaa Monoclonal Antibodies?
Unugyada jirkeena, oo ay ku jiraan unugyada kansarka, waxay leeyihiin meelo ay ku yaallaan weedhooda. Receptors Kuwani waxay gacan ka geystaan sidii loo xakameeyn lahaa sida unugahayaga u koraan, joojiyaan sii kordhaya, ama sameeya unugyada wax caadi ah ee caadiga ah. Haddii borotiinka saxda ah uu yimaado oo uu xiro (xirtaa) xajiyaha qolka unugyada, tani waxay dhalinaysaa unugta si ay uga jawaabto.
Hab wanaagsan oo looga fekerayo dib-u-qabayaasha iyo borotiinka qabatinka leh waa inay ka fikiraan furaha iyo furaha. Furaha lama furi karo iyada oo aan furaha saxda ah lahayn. Si la mid ah, qofka aqbalaya ma kicin doono unug si uu u koro, loo qaybiyo, ama u jawaabo haddii aan "furaha" saxda ah ee "qofka" furaha ah ee ku haboon aqalka.
Dhibaatooyinka monoclonal waa "furaha" kuwaas oo si gaar ah loogu talagalay inay ku soo lifaaqaan asaasayaasha unugyada kansarka.
Tusaalooyinka daaweynta dabiiciga ah ee Monoclonal
Receptors factor EGFRs waa hal tusaale oo ka mid ah soo dejiyeyaasha in ay bartilmaameed u noqdaan antoclonal. EGFRs waxay ku jiraan unugyada caadiga ah iyo unugyada kansarka, laakiin unugyada kansarka, kuwa soo rarida ahi maaha kuwo caadi ah.
Waxaa jiri kara EGFRs aad u badan ama waxaa laga yaabaa inay waxyeello u geystaan ama isbeddelaan (isku xiraan) hab u saamaxaya in ay ka jawaab celiyaan calaamadaha koritaanka. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa unugyada kansarku inay aad u koraan ama ay koraan meelaha aan la korin.
Daaweynta antibiootiinka ee Cetuximab (Erbitux) iyo Panitumumab (Vectibix) oo si gooni ah ugu lifaaqan EGFRs oo laga helo unugyada kansarka. Marka ay ku lifaaqaan EGFRs, waxay joojiyaan calaamadaha koritaanka ee jirkaagu caadi ahaan soo saaro si loo gaaro unugyada kansarka. Tani waxay hoos u dhacdaa ama joojisaa kobaca kansarka.
Markaad ka fekereyso furaha iyo furaha muhiimka ah, waxaad sawiri kartaa in Cetuximab iyo Panitumumab ay u shaqeeyaan sidii qof xayiray xadhkaha. Furaha ma geli karo, albaabka lama furi karo sababtoo ah duubayaasha unugyada kansarku horey "gummed" by antibodies. Taas macnaheedu waa unugyada kansarku ma helayaan calaamadaha koritaanka ee ay u baahan yihiin si ay u sii wadaan koritaanka iyo faafitaanka.
Iskudhicid Monoclonal Monoclonal
Marka laga soo tago oo kaliya kororka unugyada unugyada, unugyada difaaca monoclonal ayaa lagu dari karaa daroogada kiimiko ama sheyga raadiyaha (radioimmunotherapy) sidaa daraadeed waxay qaadaan tallaabooyinka daaweynta xaqqa kansarka iyo maaha unugyada caadiga ah. Tani waxaa loo isticmaalaa noocyo lymfoma iyo kansarka naasaha iyo daroogooyinka ayaa laga yaabaa inay noqdaan kuwo lagu daaweeyo noocyo kale oo kansar ah.
Maxay yihiin saameynta daaweynta daaweynta monoclonka ee monoclonal?
Dad badan, dhibaatooyinka soo raaca daaweynta antibioal antibility-ga ayaa ka khafiif badan daaweynta kiimiko (chemotherapy) waxayna u egtahay nooc xasaasiyad ah. Qaar ka mid ah saameynta daaweyneed ee monoclonal ah waxaa ka mid ah:
- Finan maqaarka
- Maqaarka cuncun ama finan
- Calaamadaha hargabka oo kale sida qandho, qarqaryo, murqo xanuun, daal, iyo madax xanuun
- Shuban
- Lalabbo iyo matag
- Cadaadiska dhiigga ee hooseeya
Dadka qaarkiis waxay leeyihiin dareen-celin dhab ah oo ku saabsan daaweynta antibody-ga monoclonal. Waxyeellooyin badan oo halis ah oo keeni kara dhakhtarkaaga inuu joojiyo daaweynta antibioal antibiootika waxaa ka mid ah:
- Dhiig aad u hooseeya ayaa tirinaya
- Dhibaatooyinka wadnaha oo ay ku jiraan garaaca wadnaha aan caadiga ahayn, wadnaha oo aan shaqayn, iyo khatarta sii kordheysa ee wadnaha
- Heerarka hoose ee magnesium, potassium, ama kalsiyum ku jira dhiigga, taas oo sababi karta dhibaatooyin caafimaad oo halis ah
- Nabaro maqaarka daran oo keena infekshin
- Dhibaatooyinka dhimashada
- Dareen-celinta degdega ah ee faleebo ku jirta oo ay ku jiraan neefta oo gaabisa, hunqaacid, xabeeb, suuxdin, dawakhaad, aragga cilladaysan, lallabo, ama xabadka ama xanuun
Nasiib wanaag, marka ay dhacdo dareen-celin dhab ah, waxay badanaa dhacaan isla markiiba, markaad daawadaada ka hesho rugta daryeelka caafimaadka kansarka. Tani macnaheedu waa dhakhtarkaaga iyo kalkaaliyaha ayaa kormeeraya, waxayna awoodi doonaan inay joojiyaan soo galinta haddii loo baahdo oo ay ku siiyaan daaweyn degdeg ah.
Sideen u maamulaa daawada Monoclonal Antibody daaweynta?
Labada arrimood ee ugu muhiimsan ee aad sameyn kartid si aad u maareyso dhibaatooyinka soo raaca daaweynta antibodyaal monoclonal waa:
- Qaado daawooyinkaaga oo dhan sida loo qoro, maxaa yeelay way sahlan tahay in laga hortago saameynaha marka loo eego daaweynta marka ay dhacaan.
- Hayso xarumaha isgaadhsiinta ee furan kooxdaada caafimaadka. Maxaa u shaqeynaya si loo maareeyo waxyeelooyinka kale ee hal qof laga yaabo inuu kuu shaqeyn waayo. Kala hadal dhakhtarkaaga ama kalkaalisada wixii ikhtiyaari ah ee kaa caawin kara inaad ka hesho daaweynta waxyeelada ugu yar.
Ha aqbalin inaad dareentid in si xun loola jeedo waa qayb dabiici ah oo ka mid ah daaweynta kansarka. Waxaa jiri kara hab ay kooxda caafimaadkaaga u si fiican u maamulaan saameynahaaga. Haddii aad u baahato caawimaad, weydiiso. Had iyo jeer, haddii aad qabtid wax su'aalo ah oo ku saabsan saameynahaaga, wac dhakhtarkaaga isla markiiba.
Ilaha
Fakih M. Anti-EGFR unugyada difaaca monoclonal ee kansarka mindhicirka ee heer-kulka: wakhti loogu talagalay hab-shaqsiyeedka? Khabiirka Rev Rev Rev Anticancer Ther 2008 8: 1471-80.
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https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a607001.html
Medline Plus. Cetuximab Injection.
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a607041.html
Medline Plus. Cadaadiska Panitumumab.
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a607066.html
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http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsiteffects/treatmenttypes/immunotherapy/immunotherapy-monoclonal-antomotodies