Waxaa jira tiro talaal oo muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay dadka waaweyn ee la nool HIV . Inkastoo talooyinka ay la mid yihiin kuwa loogu talagalay dadka aan cudurka qabin, HIV ayaa mararka qaarkood hoos u dhigta waxtarka tallaalada qaarkood, gaar ahaan kuwa leh nidaamyada difaaca jirka, iyo sida tan, waxay ubaahnaan kartaa isbedelka daawada ama tixgelinta kale.
Sida caadiga ah suulka, dadka qaba HIV waa in aan la tallaalin tallaalka la adkeeyey.
Kuwani waa tallaal kuwaas oo isticmaala qaab daciif ah oo ah fayrus nool, cudur keena si wax looga qabto jawaab celinta jirka. Walaaca ayaa ah in xitaa fayras daciif ah uu keeni karo cudur ku dhaca kuwa difaaca jirkoodu aad u daran yahay.
Taas bedelkeeda, tallaalada ka shaqeeya fayraska aan firfircooneyn (ama "la dilay") uma taagna halis u ah inay difaacaan shakhsiyaadka khatarta leh. Waxaa jira waxyaabo ka reeban, dabcan, xitaa dadka ku jira jawaab celin difaac ah, waxaa caadi ahaan la soo jeediyey in la dilay tallaalka virus-ka loo doorto fursadaha nool ee la nool. Tusaale ahaan, tallaalka hargabka ayaa la aqbalikaraa dadka qaba HIV (tan iyo markii la isticmaalay fayraska la dilay); buufinta sanka sida FluMist ma aha (sida ay u bixiyaan fayruus aan nooleyn).
Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in kastoo tallaalada qaarkood lagu taliyey dhamaan dadka qaangaarka ah ee qaba HIV, kuwa kale ayaa lagu talinayaa oo kaliya kuwa loo tixgelinayo in ay khatar sare u yihiin cudurrada qaarkood - sababtoo ah safarka, da'da, ama heerarka sare ee caabuqa ee dadka nugul.
Iyo, sida imtixaanka shaybaarka iyo noocyada kale ee macluumaadka caafimaadka, waxaa lagu talinayaa in aad haysato nuqulka diiwaankaaga tallaalka meel ammaan ah.
Tallaalka Talooyinka loogu talagalay Dadka Qaangaarka leh HIV, 18 Sanadood Da 'ama Waayeel
| Nooca Tallaalka | Qiyaasta | Talo soo jeedin |
Cagaarshowga A (HAV) | Laba-dose taxane ah oo la siiyay mudo ka badan hal ama 1.5 sano | Waxaa loogu talagalay shaqaalaha daryeelka caafimaadka, ragga galmoodka leh ee ragga (MSM) , dadka isticmaala daroogada injirta (IDUs), dadka qaba cudurka Hemophilacia ee joogtada ah, iyo shakhsiyaadka u safraya qaybo aduunka ah oo leh heerar sare oo ah HAV (ugu yaraan laba ilaa afar isbuuc ka hor) tegitaan). |
Hepatitis B (HBV) | Laba-, seddex-, ama afar-taxane taxane ah muddo afar ilaa lix bilood ah | Waxaa lagugula talinayaa dhammaan dadka waaweyn ee qaba HIV haddii aysan jirin cadaymo difaac ah (infekshan hore) ama infakshan firfircoon. Baaritaanka dhiigga waa in la sameeyaa tallaalka ka dib si loo hubiyo in jawaabcelinta antibody HBV ay tahay mid ku filan. Haddii kale, tallaal dheeraad ah ayaa laga yaabaa in loo baahdo. |
Sadex xabbo oo taxane ah mudo lix bilood ah ama afar qiyaasood oo ka badan hal sano | Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa kuwa u baahan talaalka HAV iyo HBV labadaba. | |
Haemophilus Influenzae Nooca B (HiB) | Hal tallaal | Waxaa laga yaabaa in loo tixgeliyo shakhsiyaadka difaaca jirka inay halis dheeraad ah ugu jiraan infekshanka bakteeriyada (oo ay ku jiraan bakteeriyada meningitis). Kala hadal dhakhtarkaaga ama bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka. |
Saddex xabbo oo taxane ah mudo lix bilood ah | Waxaa loogu talagalay dhalinyarada da'doodu tahay 21 jir, haweenka da'yarta ah illaa da'da 26 jir, ragga galmoodka leh ee ragga (MSM), shakhsiyaadka habdhiska difaaca jirka oo da'doodu u dhaxayso 26 jir haddii aysan si buuxda u tallaalin marka ay da'da yar yihiin. Laguma talin inta lagu jiro uurka. | |
Hal mar sanadkiiba | Waxaa lagugula talinayaa dhammaan dadka waaweyn ee qaba HIV, in kasta oo la tallaalayo oo keliya tallaalka hargabka ee tallaalka. Iska ilaali tallaalka infalawansada sanka. | |
Hal ama laba daroogo | Waxaa lagugula talinayaa dadka waaweyn ee leh CD4 in ka badan 200 unug / mL. Looma baahna shaqsiyaadka dhasha ka hor 1957. Waxaa loogu talagalay ardayda kuleejka ah ama dadka u safraya qeybo ka mid ah adduunka oo kordhiyay heerka cudurkan bakteeriyadan (oo ay ku jiraan meningococcal meningitis). Waxaa laga yaabaa inay u baahdaan in ay ku celceliso shanta sano haddii ay weli halis ugu jirto caabuq. | |
Pneumococcal (bakteeriyada pneumonia) | Hal ama laba daroogo | Talo soo jeedin loogu talagalay dadka qaan-gaarka ah ee qaba HIV isla markiiba ka dib markii la ogaado HIV, haddii aan talaalku dhicin shan sano gudahood. Haddii tallaal la bixiyo marka tirada qofka CD4 uu ka hooseeyo 200 unug / mL, dib-u-talaalid marka tirinta CD4 ay ka badan tahay 200 unug / mL. Ku celi hal mar ka dib shan sano ka dib. |
Hal tallaal | Ku celi 10-kii sannadoodba mar. | |
Tetanus, Diphtheria, iyo Pertussis (Tdap) | Hal tallaal | Talo soo jeedin loogu talagalay dadka waaweyn oo idil 64 sano ama ka yar waana in la siiyaa meel ka mid ah xoojiyaha Td ee xiga. Waxaa la siin karaa sida ugu dhakhsaha badan laba sano ka dib markii Td dhiirrigeliyaha ugu dambeeyey ee shaqaalaha daryeelka caafimaadka iyo dadka xiriir dhow la leh carruurta da'doodu ka yar tahay 12 bilood. |
Laba dawo taxane ah afar illaa siddeed toddobaad | Waxaa lagugula talinayaa dadka waaweyn ee leh CD4 in ka badan 200 unug / mL. Looma baahna shakhsiyaadka dhashay ka hor 1980kii. Lama talin karo inta lagu jiro uurka. Sida tallaalka laysku duro, waa in aan loo isticmaalin dadka qaba CD4 oo ka hooseeya 200 unug / mL. |
> Ilo:
> Waaxda Caafimaadka ee Mareykanka iyo Adeegyada Dadweynaha (DHHS). "Talaalada lagugula taliyay ee loogu talagalay dadka waaweyn ee HIV." Washington, DC; Julaay 1, 2014.
> Xarumaha Maraykanka ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada (CDC). "Cagaarshowga A FAQs ee Xirfadleyda Caafimaadka." Atlanta, Georgia; Julaay 8, 2014.
> Xarumaha Maraykanka ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada (CDC). "Ka Hortagga iyo Xakameynta Hargabka Haemophilus Nooca B ee Cudurada: Talooyinka Guddiga La-talinta ee Tallaalka Tallaalka (ACIP)." Dhimashada iyo Miisaaniyadda Toddobaadlaha ah (MMWR). Febraayo 28, 2014; 63 (RR01): 1-14.
> Xarumaha Maraykanka ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada (CDC). "Tallaalka HPV." Atlanta, Georgia; Julaay 8, 2014.
> Xarumaha Maraykanka ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada (CDC). "Waxay soo bandhigtay talooyin ku saabsan Isticmaalka Talaalka Meningococcal Conjugate (Guddiga La-talinta ee Tallaalka Tallaalka) (ACIP), 2010." Dhimashada iyo Miisaaniyadda Toddobaadlaha ah (MMWR). Janaayo 28, 2011; 60 (03): 72-76.