Shuruudaha Loogu Talagalay 'Hawl-qabadka Sare' Autism 'wuxuu noqon karaa mid jahwareer leh
Ma jiro baaritaan rasmi ah oo loo yaqaan "autism-ka shaqeynaya" (HFA), oo aan lagu heshiin qeexida "shaqo sare". Waa maxay macnaha ereyga? Sida guud ahaan, " autism-ka shaqeynaya " waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka mid yahay kuwa soo socda:
- "qof leh calaamado yaryar oo qafiif ah , taas oo ah, inkastoo ay khafiifka yihiin, ay muhiim u tahay in ay u qalantaan ogaanshaha cudurka dabiiciga ah" ama ...
- "qof qaba autism uu IQ ka sareeyo 70" ama ...
- "qof qaba autism oo si guul leh u socdaalaya iskuulka ama goobaha shaqada" ama ...
- "qof awood u leh inuu calaamadaha maskaxda ku guulaysto si guul leh si ay u haystaan siyaabo la filayo oo u gudbin kara neurotypical" ama ...
- "qof ah, hal dhibic, wuxuu qabay cudurka Asperger Syndrome."
Sida aad arki karto, hal qof HFA waa ... hal qof oo HFA ah. Ku dar arrintan xaqiiqda ah in dad badan oo qaba cudurka autism ay noqon karaan kuwo dhalaalaya, oo dhammeystiran, oo leh calaamado ba'an (sida welwelka iyo dareen la'aanta ) kuwaas oo si weyn u saameeya shaqadooda maalin kasta. Khadka hoose: HFA runtii way adag tahay in la qeexo.
Sababta Maxay Fulinta Uga-shaqeysiga Aan Joogsanayn Ma'aha Iskuduwaha Asperger Syndrome
Ilaa illaa 2013, dad badan oo laga yaabo in lagu yiraahdo inay leeyihiin autism-sare oo shaqeynaya ayaa laga helay cudurka Asperger syndrome ama PDD-NOS (Dhibaatooyinka Horumarka ee Kala Duwan ee aan Kale Lagu Gaari Karin) .
- Asperger syndrome wuxuu ahaa mid calaamado kala duwan ah kaas oo ku qeexay qof ka mid ah celcelis ahaan ama ka sarreeya xirfadaha luqadda sirdoonka iyo xirfadaha luqadaha da'da ku habboon kuwaas oo sidoo kale lahaa caqabado bulsho iyo is-gaarsiin muhiim ah.
- PDD-NOS waxay ahayd dhammaan calaamadaha cudurka oo dhan. Inta badan la fahamsan yahay waxa la mid ah sida "otism sare oo shaqeynaya," waxay dhab ahaantii ku biirtay shakhsiyaadka dhammaan heerarka shaqada oo calaamadahoodu aysan si buuxda ula xidhiidhin autismka caadiga ah.
Laga bilaabo 2013-ka, daabacaadda DSM-5, PDD-NOS ama Asperger syndrome-ka waa qaybaha baadhitaanka rasmiga ah ee Maraykanka.
Waxaa laga yaabaa in ay tahay mid aad u muhiim ah, dadka qaba Asperger Syndrome (erey caadi ah oo loo isticmaalo in loo maleynayo in la ogaaday cudurka cudurka) ayaa u muuqda in ay wadaagaan sifooyinka gaar ahaaneed ee aan la wadaagin dadka oo dhan IQs iyo autism. Tusaale ahaan, welwelku badanaa waa calaamad muujinaysa Asperger Syndrome oo aan la wadaagin qof kasta oo lagu tilmaami karo hFA.
'Heerka 1'ga' Autism waa isku mid '' Autism-ka shaqeynaya '?
Marka la eego DSM-5, halkii laga heli lahaa baadhitaano kala duwan, waxaa jira hal koox oo weyn oo dad ah oo lagu sheegay cudurka Autism Spectrum Disorder. Laakiin dadka autismka weli way ka duwan yihiin midba midka kale. Sidaa darteed, si loo caddeeyo kala duwanaanshahan, DSM-5 waxa kale oo ka mid ah heerarka waxqabadka. Dadku waa kuwa dhalaalaya iyo hadal ahaan (iyo sida, ugu yaraan, baahida taageero yar) waxaa guud ahaan lagu siiyaa ciladda Heerka 1 Disorder Disorder Disorder.
Laakiin maxay tahay qofka qaba Heerka 1aad ee Autism Spectrum Disorder? Jawaabtu waa sida dadka kala duwan ee cudurka qaba. Tusaale ahaan:
- Waxay isticmaali karaan luqadda da'da ku haboon, akhriya, qora, xisaabta ku samee, muujiyaan jacaylka, dhammaystiraan hawlaha maalin kasta. Si kastaba ha noqotee, ma hayn karaan xiriirka isha, wadaxaajoodka, ku ciyaaraan ciyaar, ama soo qaadashada calaamadaha bulshada.
- Waxay haystaan hadal iyo hadal dib-u-dhac ah, laakiin waxay awoodaan inay ka qayb qaataan barnaamij tacliin oo loo dhan yahay sababtoo ah xirfadahooda waxbarasho ee ku habboon da'dooda.
- Waxay leeyihiin khudbad qoto-dheer iyo dib-u-dhac bulsho leh laakiin waxay leeyihiin arrimo dareen-darro oo aad u adag kuwaas oo ka dhigaya inay suurtogal u tahay inay ka qayb qaataan barnaamij tacliin oo loo dhan yahay.
- Waxay leeyihiin welwel aad u daran, barashada naafada, iyo caqabadaha dareenka-laakiin leh eray ku habboon da'da iyo kartida aan caadiga ahayn ee muusikada, xisaabta, iyo injineernimada.
Marka la soo koobo, isdhaafsiga suurtagalka ah ee xoogga iyo caqabadaha ku dhow lama dhammaan. Taas macnaheedu waa fikradda "Heerka 1" ee autismka ayaa sidoo kale aad u jilicsan.
Sida muuqata, dadka ka soo baxa fikradda "Heerarka Taageerada" waxay ku fekerayeen hab aad u-caadi ah - taasi, dadka qaba Heerka 3-aad ee autism waxay ubaahanyihiin 24/7 taageero xirfad leh, halka dadka qaba 'Level 1 autism'.
Intee Ayay Taageerayaan Miyuu Baahan Yahay 'Shaqo Badan'?
Inkastoo dad yar oo qaba "autism-ka shaqeynaya" ay u baahan yihiin caawimo ku saabsan musqusha ama nadaafadda aasaasiga ah, waxaa laga yaabaa in ay u baahdaan in si fiican loogu baahan yahay taageero taageero meelo kale. Tusaale ahaan, shakhsi aad u dhalaalaya oo leh dareen culus, walaac, iyo xummo ayaa dhab ahaantii ku leh wakhti aad u adag goobta shaqada marka loo eego qof yar oo caqli gal ah oo leh walaac iyo walaac yar.
Maxaa kale, "shaqeyn hoose" shakhsi ahaan ayaa laga yaabaa inuu badi maalintiisa ku qaato meel lagu taageerayo halka suurtogalka ah ee isdhexgalka khatarta ah uu ku dhow yahay eber. Dhanka kale, shakhsiga "autism" oo shaqeynaya ayaa laga yaabaa inuu u baahdo inuu u socdo xaalad adag oo halis ah. Yaa u baahan taageero dheeraad ah xaaladahaas?
Jawaab Weyn
Autism-ku waa ficil-ma aha sababta oo ah shakhsiyaadka qaba autismka ayaa aad u xun, laakiin sababta oo ah qeexitaannada weligeed ah ee isbeddelka autism macnaheedu ma'aha inaanan gabagabeyn final.
Mana aha keliya sharaxaadda isbeddelka, laakiin sidoo kale waa rajooyinka bulsheed ee ka dhigaya autism-ka shaqeynaya sidaas aad u dhib badan. Tusaale ahaan, tusaale ahaan, isgaadhsiinta fool-ka-foolka ayaa furaha guusha shakhsiyeed; Maanta, dad badan oo qaba caqabadaha bulshadu waxay ka badan yihiin awood u leh inay la falgalaan kuwa kale internetka, samaynta saaxiibo warbaahinta bulshada, iyo xittaa qabashada shaqo meel fog. Ganacsatada qaarkood waxay kireystaan dad badan oo shaqeeya ootiisiyaal shaqeynaya sababtoo ah awooddooda gaarka ah, halka kuwo kale aysan ku qiyaasin inay shaqaaleynayaan qof leh xirfado bulsheed.
Haddii tani ay ka baxdo inaad dareentid in qeexidda autismka sare ee shaqeyntu uu yahay mid cad sida dhooba, keligaa ma tihid! Ugu yaraan hadda, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaad fahamsan tahay sababta ereygaagu uu yahay mid aad u adag inuu hoos u dhigo-oo aad taqaanid inaad tahay shirkad wanaagsan.