Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) waa cudur uu dhaco marka qanjirka thyroid-yar yar, qanjirada kuuskuusan ee ku yaal qoortaada-wuxuu soo saaraa hoormoon tayroodh aad u badan. Mararka qaarkood waxaa loo yaqaan 'thyroid', 'hyperthyroidism' wuxuu kordhin karaa dheef-shiid kiimikaad, oo keena miisaan lumis, timo khafiif ah, dhidid, iyo waxyaabo kale oo badan. Baaritaannada dhiigga ayaa lagu ogaanayaa, daaweyntuna caadi ahaan waxay ku lug leedahay dawooyinka dhakhtarku qoro, inkastoo kiisaska halista ah ay ku qasbanaan karaan abortus ama qalliinka looga saaro qanjirka thyroid.
Adigoo helaya dareen qaar ka mid ah waxa uu dareemayo in uu qabo hyperthyroidism, iyo sidoo kale sida cudurkan loo aqoonsaday loona daaweeyo, waxaad ku rajo galin kartaa inaad awood u yeelatid sidii aad u socotid adiga safarkaaga tirtirkaaga-kaaga oo ogaanaya maamulka.
Astaamaha
Markaad si caadi ah u shaqeyso, dheef-shiid kiimikaadkaaga wuxuu isticmaalaa iodine-da cuntada si loo soo saaro hoormoonka tayroodh. Hormariskan wuxuu xakameynayaa sida xubnaha, qanjidhada, unugyada, iyo unugyada ay isticmaalaan oksijiin iyo tamar. Iyada oo wax soo saarka xad-dhaafka ah, hababka jidhkaaga "xawaareyso." Sidaa darteed, tusaale ahaan, wadnahaaga ayaa si deg deg ah dhiigiisa u riixaya (keena wadnaha tartiib tartiib ah), maskaxduna aad ayey u badan tahay, taasoo u adkeyneysa hurdo.
Calaamadaha kale ee lagu garto hyperthyroidism waxaa ka mid ah:
- Walaaca iyo / ama xanaaqa
- Miisaanka culus oo aan laheyn cunto
- Dareem kulul marka dadka kale qaboobaan (kuleylka kulaylka)
- Dhidid ka badan inta caadiga ah
- Timaha jirka iyo maqaarka aan caadi ahayn
- Murqaha daciifka
- Boogo muuqata ama xajmi leh oo ku yaal meesha aad ka tirtirto / qoorta (goiter)
Calaamadahaasi, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa cirifka jilicsan. Waxaa jira calaamado badan oo dheeraad ah , qaar ka yara duwan kuwa kale, kuwaas oo tilmaami kara cilladda hyperthyroidism.
Sababaha
Waxaa jira dhowr xaaladood oo caafimaad ama xaalado keena hyperthyroidism .
Cudurada Graves 'ayaa ah sababaha ugu badan, oo saamaynaya in ka badan boqolkiiba 70 dadka qaba hyperthyroidism.
Cudurka 'Graves', nidaamka difaaca jirka ayaa si aan habbooneyn u soo saari kara unugyada difaaca jirka, oo loo yaqaano 'antibodies' (TSI), taas oo ka dhigaysa qanjirka 'thyroid gland', kaas oo keena inuu hormariyo hormoonka thyroid.
Sababaha kale ee hyperthyroidism waxaa ka mid ah:
- Goobaha sunta ah ee sunta ah
- Dhiirrigelinta qanjidhka thyroid (oo loo yaqaan 'adenic adenoma')
- Qanjirka 'Thyroiditis': Xaaladdan bararsan waxaa laga yaabaa in ay keento isirro sida infekshanka, shoogga, shucaaca, ama muddada dhalmada kadib.
- Qaadashada hormoonka thyroid aad u badan, adigoo isticmaalaya rijeeto ama kabixin
- Iodine-xad-dhaaf ah hyperthyroidism
- Cudurka hyperthyroid ee ku meelgaarka ah ee cudurka Hashimoto
- Cudurka hyperthyroidism ee transient gravidarum
- Pituitary-induced hyperthyroidism
- Fetal-neonatal hyperthyroidism
Ciladeynta
Baadhitaanka hyperthyroidism waxaa ku jira dhowr tallaabo oo muhiim ah.
Imtixaanka Daaweynta
Inta lagu jiro baaritaanka caafimaadka, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu qiimeyn doonaa taariikhdaada shakhsiyadeed iyo qoyskaaga ee cudurada thyroid iyo autoimmune, dib u eeg calaamadahaaga, oo fiiri tifatirkaaga gacanta. Dhaqtarka ayaa sidoo kale raadinaya calaamado kale oo caafimaad oo ku saabsan hyperthyroidism sida wadnaha garaaca wadnaha, goy-goy , iyo dib-u-dhajis maqnaanshaha, iyo kuwo kale.
Imtixaanka Dhiiga
Imtixaanka dhiigga waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu ogaado cudurka hyperthyroidism. Baaritaanka dhiigga ee ugu horreeya ee la isticmaalo waa baaritaanka dhiigga ee hormoonada hormoonada (TSH).
Marka qanjidhkaagu uu soo saaro hoormoonka tayroodh aad u tira badan, heerka TSH ayaa ah mid hooseeya.
Dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu sidoo kale amri karaa tyroxin bilaash ah (FT4) ama TOToksi bilaash ah (FTI), iyada oo ku xidhan taariikhdaada caafimaad iyo natiijooyinka baaritaanka dhiigga ee dhiiggaaga. Dadka qaba hyperthyroidism waxay yeelan doonaan FT4 ama FTI sare.
Tijaabooyinka dhiigga kale ee dhakhtarkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku jiraan:
- Triiodotyronine (T3)
- Noocyada difaaca jirka ee tirakoobka
Imtixaanka Imtixaanka
Baaritaanka tayroodhka ee loo yaqaan 'scan screening' (RAI-U) ayaa loo adeegsadaa si loo ogaado sababta keena hyperthyroidism (tusaale ahaan, cudurka Graves) iyo goos-goosiga sunta ah.
Daaweynta
Hyperthyroidism waxaa lagu daaweeyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo saddex habab oo kala duwan:
- Daweynta dawooyinka leh daawooyinka antithyroidka
- Ablation of qanjidhka thyroid leh iodine raadiyaha, oo loo yaqaano RAI
- Qalliinka si looga saaro dhammaan ama qayb ka mid ah qanjirada
Daaweynta aad adigu qaadato waxay kuxirantahay dhowr arrimood, sida sababaha iyo darnaantaada hyperthyroidism, da'daada, doorashadaada, iyo caafimaadkaaga guud.
Waxa kale oo laguu qori karaa nooc daawo oo la yiraahdo "beta-blocker" si loo yareeyo garaaca wadnahaaga oo sahal u yeesho jahwareerkaaga ama walwalkaaga.
Ma daweynayo noocyada ugu badan ee hyperthyroid waxay keeni karaan wadne garaac aan joogto ahayn, cadaadis dhiig oo sarreeya, iyo xitaa halista wadno xanuunka ama istaroogga, iyada oo qayb ka ah dhibaatada nafta-halista ah ee loo yaqaano duufaantiga qiiqa .
Xaaladaha qaarkood, bukaanada la daweeyey waxay ku wareegi doonaan xasaasiyad sababtoo ah daawooyinka antithyroid ama nidaamka difaaca jirka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadka badankood ee Graves 'iyo' hyperthyroidism 'waxay u baahan yihiin daaweyn antiyoleed waarta oo joogto ah ama mid ka mid ah nidaamyada joogtada ah ee kor ku xusan.
Ereyga
Aqoontu waa awood. Marka aad baraneyso asaasiga ah hyperthyroidism, waxaad horayba uga tallaabsatay (ama qofkii aad jeceshahay) safarka tayroodhka.
Inkastoo baaritaanka hyperthyroidism ay u muuqan karto marar badan (waa caadi in la dareemo daweyn cusub ama qaadato hab cusub ama qalliin), waxaan rajeynayaa in maskaxdaadu ay sahlan tahay in la ogaado in cudurkan la daaweyn karo.
> Ilo:
> Ururka Astaamaha Maraykanka. (2018). Hyperthyroidism FAQs .
> Ross DS et al. 2016 Tilmaamaha Astaamaha American Thyroid Association ee loogu talagalay Diagnosis iyo Maareynta Hyperthyroidism iyo Sababaha kale ee Thyrotoxicosis. Tirada . 2016 Oct; 26 (10): 1343-1421.