Cystoisosporiasis (oo hore loo yaqaan isosporiasis) waa infakshin aan caadi ahayn oo ka mid ah cudurrada mindhicirada ee lagu xakameynayo Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Ka Hortagga Cudurrada Maraykanka (CDC) sida xaaladda cudurka AIDS-ka . Cudurka caalamiguna waa isbeddel, oo leh infekshannada ku dhaca badanaaba gobollada kulaalayaasha kulaylaha ama kuwa hoose (gaar ahaan Kariibiyaanka, Bartamaha Aasiya iyo Koonfurta Afrika).
Iyadoo la soo marayo daaweynta antiretroviral therapy (ART) , cystoisosporiasis waxaa loo tixgeliyaa dadka ku nool HIV ee adduunka horumaray. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mararka qaarkood dillaaca ayaa la soo sheegay sannadihii la soo dhaafay, guud ahaan sababo la xiriira socdaalayaasha socda ama kuwa soo-galootiga ah ee ka imanaya gobollada kulaalayaasha.
Agent Causal
Cystoisosporiasis waxaa sababa Cystoisospora Cay ( C. belli ), xayawaan mindhicir ah oo la xiriirta Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii ) iyo Cryptosporidium .
( T. gondii iyo Cryptosporidium waa wakiilada sababaha laba xaaladood oo kale ee AIDS-ka qeexaya, toxoplasmosis ee maskaxda iyo cryptosporidiosis , siday u kala horreeyaan.)
Habka loo gudbiyo
Bini'aadamku waa dadka keliya ee la yaqaan ee Ceelka , cudurku wuxuu ku faafaa cunno ama biyo ku faafay saxarada dadka qaba cudurka. Gudbinta galmada afka-galmada ("rimming") sidoo kale waa suurtagal.
Astaamaha
Calaamaduhu waxay ku dhammaan karaan usbuucyo waxayna ku jiraan xanuunka calool xanuun iyo shuban biyo ah, oo ay wehliyaan daciifnimo iyo xummad hoose.
Shakhsiyaadka difaaca jidhka ah, calaamadahani waxay ku dhici karaan fuuqbax, nafaqo-xumo ama cachexia haddii aan la daaweyn.
Qofka difaaca jidhka ah, C. Cudurka khaas ahaan waa badanaa asymptomatic.
Ciladeynta
Soo bandhiga bukaan-socodka ayaa ah mid aan loo aqoonsan karin cryptosporidiosis waxayna ubaahantahay baaritaan dheellitiraad ah ee tijaabada saxarada bukaan-socodka (ama, mararka qaarkood, dheecaanka maqaarka xiidmaha) si loo xaqiijiyo cudurka.
Daaweynta
Cystoisosporiasis waxaa badanaa lagu daaweeyaa antibiyootigga sulfa, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ).
Qofka difaaca jirka qaba, cystoisosporiasis guud ahaan waa jirro is-xaddidan oo badanaa ayaa lagu xaliyaa dhawr maalmood gudahood daaweynta. Dadka la tallaalay ee CD4 waxay tiradoodu ka hoosaysaa 150 unug / unug oo guud guud ahaan way ka jawaabaan si fiican oo waxay u nugul yahiin inay soo noqdaan marka daaweynta la joojiyo. Xaaladaha noocaas ah, waxaa laga yaabaa in laguu sheego baaritaanka nolosha ee dheeraadka ah ee TMP-SMZ.
Epidemiology
Cystoisosporiasis wuxuu kudhacay Afrika, Australia, Caribbean, Latin America iyo Koonfur Asiya. Wadamada qaarkood, sida Haiti, in ka badan 15% dadku waxay qabaan C. Dadka qaba HIV-ga sareeya (tirada CD4 ee ka hooseeya 200 unug / mL), qiimaha xitaa way ka sareysaa, oo ku dhowaad 40%.
Safarka caalamiga ah ayaa fududeeyay fiditaanka cudurada gobollada kale, iyada oo hal cudur dilaacay oo laga soo sheegay aagga Los Angeles laga soo billaabo 1985 illaa 1992. Sidan darted, infakshiyaadka waxaa loo xaqiijiyey inay yihiin kuwa ugu muhiimsan xaafadaha Hispanic iyo guud ahaan shakhsiyaad loo aqoonsaday inay qabaan AIDS. Kala duwanaanshuhu wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 5-7%.
Dhawaan dhowaan, dadka degan xaafadda Atlanta ayaa la rumeeysan yahay in ay qabeen cudurka C in lagu arko Julaay 2015, iyada oo hal qof lagu soo waramey in uu ku soo laabtay safar ku tagay Kenya.
Qiimaha dakhliga hoose, dalal badan oo aad u kordhay ayaa si aad ah loo jaray sanadihii la soo dhaafay sababtoo ah isticmaalka baahsan ee TMP-SMZ, oo ah daroogada loo yaqaan 'prophylaxis' si looga hortago pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) dadka qaba HIV.
Rabshadaha: caan -is-indho-is-dheel-EYE-uh-sis
Waxa kale oo loo yaqaanaa: Isoporiasis
Ilaha:
Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada Maraykanka (CDC). "Lifaaq A - Xaaladaha Qeexaya Xaaladaha AIDS-ka." Atlanta, Georgia; dib u eegistii ugu dambaysay November 20, 2008.
Heyworth, M. "Cudurrada fakhriga ah ee martigalinta difaaca, Cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis, iyo gillyloidiasis." Rugaha Gastroenterology ee Waqooyiga Ameerika. 1996; 25 (3): 691-707.
Lagrange-Xélot, M .; Porcher, R .; Sarfati, C .; et al. "Isosporiasis bukaanka qaba cudurka HIV-ga xilliga daaweynta firfircoon ee firfircoon ee antiretroviral ee Faransiiska." Daawada HIV Febraayo 2008; 9 (2): 126-130.
Guiguet, M .; Furco, A .; Tattevin, P .; et al. "HIV-ga la xidhiidha infekshinka Isospora waa cudur: cayiman iyo waxyaabo halis ah oo ku jira Daryeelka Faransiiska Database ee HIV." Daawada HIV Maarso 2007; 8 (2): 124-130.
Sorvillo, F .; Lieb, L .; Seidel, J .; et al. "Epidemiology of isosporiasis ka mid ah dadka qaba cudurrada difaaca jirka ee ku yaala Gobolka Los Angeles." " Journal of American Tropical Medicine and Nutrition" . Disembar 1995; 53 (6): 656-9.
Petchenik, M. "Dhakhaatiirtu waxay rumaysan yihiin in qatartu ay keentay jirro qarsoodi ah xaafadda Atlanta." Dayton Daily Daily; la daabacay July 15, 2015.
DeHovitz, J .; Pape, J .; Boncy, M .; et al. "Calaamadaha caafimaadka iyo daaweynta Isospora waa cudur infekshiinka bukaanka qaba bukaanshaha difaaca jirka ee la soo helay." Journal of New England Journal of Medicine . Julaay 10, 1986; 315 (2): 87-90.