Mid ka mid ah qorshaha tallaalka AIDS-ka ayaa ah in fayrusku leeyahay awood u gaar ah inuu "qariyo" laftiisa aqoonsiga habka difaaca jidhka iyo daawooyinka loogu talagalay in looga takhaluso. Halkii ay si xor ah u wareegayaan dhiigga halkaasoo si fudud loo ogaan karo, fayrasku wuxuu isku ururiyaa unugyada iyo unugyada jirka oo dhan ee loo yaqaano dawlad goboleed.
Marka la eego daweyntiisa, HIV wuxuu si fudud u geliyaa walxaha hidde-galeed ee unugeeda martida. Marka halkii laga beddeli lahaa fayraska wareegsan ee lacag la'aan ah, waxay si fudud u tarjumeysaa sida unugyada unuga martida. Natiijadu, nidaamka difaaca jirku maaha mid loo wargaliyo joogitaanka fayraska inta lagu jiro muddadan qarsoodiga ah, taas oo u oggolaanaysa inay sii socoto jiilka ilaa qarniga.
Inkasta oo HIV-gu aysan ahayn midka kaliya ee loo yaqaan 'viral pathogen' oo loo yaqaan tan, awoodda ay u leedahay in ay is qariso ayaa cirib tirtay caqabado badan oo aan suurtagal ahayn, cilmi-baarayaasha kufsiga ee qayb ka mid ah 30 sano.
Waqtiga xaadirka ah, saynisyahanadu xitaa si buuxda uma hubin sida ay u ballaaran tahay in si gaabis ah loo galo. Cilmi-baarista Jaamacadda John Hopkins ee 2103 ayaa soo jeedisay in kaydadka hudheelka ee HIV-ga ay noqon karaan 60 jeer ka badan intii hore loo qorsheeyay.
Intii dadaal la sameynaayey si loo hirgeliyo "fargal" fayruska unugyada infekshannada qaba, wakiillada yar ayaa xaqiijiyay awoodda lagu gaari karo heerarka waxqabadka loo baahan yahay si loo gooyo ciribtirka daaweynta.
Fahminta Gobolka Bixinta
Qeexidda, cilad-celin waa maaddo hidde ah (genome) ee fayruska oo lagu daro DNA-ga unugyada martida ah.
Waxaa jira laba dawladood oo macquul ah. Marka ugu horeysa waa marxaladda fayruuska marka ay cilad-celintu "afduubto" codka hidaha ee unugga martida-iyada oo loo marayo nidaam lagu magacaabo mRNA-oo lagu dhajiyo caddaynta fayras cusub, oo ku dhacda si loo faafiyo unugyada kale ee martida loo yahay.
Tan waxaa lagu magacaabaa infakshan wax soo saar leh.
Midda labaad waa gobol uu fayruusku uusan si firfircoon u soocelin, laakiin waxaa loo qaadaa in si wadajir ah loogu dhexdhexaadiyo DNA-ka kooxda martida loo yahay sidii ay uga tarjumayso jiilka ilaa qarniga. Tan waxaa lagu magacaabaa infekshan qarsoon , oo unugyada martigeliya ee qaba infekshanka waxaa badanaa loo yaqaanaa kaydka qashinka .
Xanuunka qarsoon wuxuu si lama filaan ah u noqon karaa mid wax soo saar leh wax ka qabashada isbeddelka jawiga martida ama caafimaadka qofka cudurka qaba. HIV-ga, tan badanaa waxay dhacdaa marka daaweynta dabeecada antiretroviral ku fashilanto , ama ayadoo ay sabab u tahay horumarinta caabbinta ama adkaanta hooseeya , iyo / ama marka difaaca difaaca jirkiisu hoos u dhaco natiijada cudurka.
Marka tani dhacdo, "aamusnaanta" ayaa laga yaabaa inay si lama filaan ah u noqoto mid firfircoon oo ay bilawdo muujinta genomka, oo soo saarta fayrus cusub marka la dilayo unugga martida.
Mid ka mid ah caqabadaha qorshaha tallaalka ee HIV-ga ayaa go'aaminaya siyaabaha si wax ku ool ah looga takhalusi karo cudurka HIV ee ku jira qarsoodi, ciriiri. Sababtoo ah HIV-du maaha mid wax tar u ah qaadashada daawada infekshanka qatarta ah, daawooyinka antiretrovoviral - oo ka shaqeynaya xakamaynta faayraska faayraska - saameyn yar. Sidaa daraadeed, fayrasku si qarsoodi ah uma muuqan karo, awood u leh inuu ku sii jiro qarsoon xitaa haddii wejiga daaweynta antiretroviral ee si buuxda u xakameynaya .
Cilmi-baarayaashu waxay hadda baadhayaan siyaabaha lagu hirgelinayo kaydadka qarsoon ee leh isticmaalka hal ama in ka badan wakiilada daroogada. Haddii lagu guuleysto, istiraatiijiyado kale (daaweyn, tarjubaan) ayaa loo adeegsan karaa si loo tirtiro HIV-ga cusub ee la soo bandhigay. Inta badan waxaa loo yaqaan "laad-dil," habka ugu dambeyntii wuxuu u horseedi karaa musharax tallaal oo guuleysta iyo / ama istaraatiijiyad.
Muwaadiniinta: pro-VY-rus
Ilaha:
Ho, Y .; et al., "Cudurrada aan caddaaladda ku jirin ee ku jira kaydka qarsoon waxay kordhinaysaa xanuunka HIV-1." Cell. 2013; 155: 540-551.
Wu, Y. "muujinta hidaha HIV-1: casharrada laga helo DNA-ga iyo kuwa aan isku dhafaneyn." Retrovirology. May 21, 2004; 1 (13): doi: 10.1186 / 1742-4690-1-13.
Eisele, E. iyo Siciliano, R. "Dib u habeynta kaydadka fayras ee ka hortaga dabargoynta HIV-1." Xasaanad. Sebteembar 21, 2012; 37 (3): 377-388.
Ho, Y .; Shan, L .; Hosmane, N .; et al. "Baddalaadda-Faa'iidooyinka Caymiska ah ee La'aanta Biyaha Hoose ee Koritaanka Hoos u Dhacista HIV-1. Cell. Oktoobar 23, 2013. 155 (3): 540-551.