Dysarthria waa khalkhalka hadalka oo sababay dhibaatooyin kantaroolka muruqyada ku lug leh wax soo saarka hadalka. Anarthria waa qaabka ugu daran ee dysarthria, taas oo keentay in aan la awoodin in ay soo saaraan hadal cad oo qeexan.
Sababaha Dysarthria
Dysarthria iyo qaabka aadka u daran, anardajiya, waxaa sababa dhaawac maskaxeed. Waxay sababi karaan xaalado ay joogaan markay dhalayaan, sida caarada maskaxda ama maskaxda musqusha.
Marka dysarthria ay ka timaaddo dhalasho, tani macnaheedu waa in qofku uusan waligiis samaynin awooda uu ku soo saaro hadalka hadalka. Dysarthria iyo anarthria ayaa sidoo kale dhici karta inay ka dhalato xaaladaha nudaha oo ay ka mid yihiin sclerosis iyo stroke badan, taasoo keenta hoos u dhaca ku hadalka kartida ka dib markii qof horay u soo gaadhay karti u lahaan karo inuu si cad u hadlo.
Xaaladaha soo socda waxay dhammaantood keeni karaan dysarthria ama anarthria:
- Stroke
- Dhaawac maskaxeed oo daran
- Buro maskaxda
- Cudurka Parkinson
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ), ama cudurka Lou Gehrig
- Cudurka Huntington
- Cagaarshow Multiple
- Myasthenia gravis
- Dhakhtarka Naafada ee Bell
- Cudurka Wilson
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome
- Cudurka Lyme
- Daawooyinka- Daawooyinka qaarkood, sida daroogada ama daawooyinka loo yaqaan 'narcotics' ama 'sedatives', waxay sidoo kale keeni karaan dysarthria. Caadi ahaan, nooca dysarthria ayaa xalliyaa ka dib markii daawada ka baxdo.
Astaamaha Dysarthria
Haddii aad qabto dysarthria, waxaad u maleyneysaa inaad leedahay hadal ku sifoobay mid ama wax ka mid ah astaamaha soo socda:
- Qadarka hadalka oo hoos u dhacay
- Tijaabinta tayada hadalka oo adag in la fahmo
- Dhaqdhaqaaq xaddidan oo ah carrabka, diida, iyo daanka
- Qaylo aan caadi ahayn
- Xumad aan caadi aheyn oo ku saabsan hadalka
- Hooska ama neefsiga hadalka
- Nasal ama hadal fiiqan
- Awood darro si aad u hadasho
Noocyada Dysarthria
Dhammaan noocyada dysarthria waxaa calaamad u ah hadalka hadal-xumada.
Haddii aad leedahay dysarthria, markaad isku daydo inaad ku hadashid, waxaad ogaan kartaa in shaqaalahyadu ay si qaldan u socdaan.
Dysarthria waxay noqon kartaa mid fudud, dhexdhexaad ah, ama daran. Heerka dysarthria waxay ku xiran tahay heerka dhaawaca ee habka neerfaha.
Haddii adiga ama qof aad jeceshahay ay saameynayso dysarthria, waxaad arki kartaa mid ama in ka badan qaababka hadalka caadiga ah ee dabiiciga ah. Qaababkaas waxaa ka mid ah:
- Magaca la yiraahdo "Spastic dysarthria" - Sida magacu soo jeediyo, qaabka hadalka hadalka waxaa lagu gartaa dhawaaqyada codadka marka aad isku deyeyso. Noocan ah dysarthria waxaa sababa waxyeelo loo geysto jiritaanka Giraantu, taas oo ah maskaxda maskaxda ka jirta oo ka ilaalisa shaqaynta maskaxda wajiga iyo jirka.
- Dareemaha Hyperkinetic dysarthria - Tani waa qaab tartiib tartiib ah oo ay sababtay xanuunada ganglia, taas oo ah gobolka maskaxda.
- Daawada 'Hypokinetic dysarthria' - Tani waa qaab deg-deg ah oo hadalka ah oo la xidhiidha cudurka Parkinson.
- Ataxic dysarthria - Tani waa habdhaqan hadal ah oo ay sababtay burbur ku yimaada cerebellum , kaas oo koontaroolaya dheelitirka iyo isuduwidda.
- Dareemaha dareenka - Tani waa qaab 'hadal jilicsan' oo sababay burbur ku yimaada dareeraha 'cranial nerves', kuwaas oo ah dareemayaasha si toos ah u xakameynaya muruqyada afka iyo murqaha.
- Dysarthria oo isku dhafan - Tani way adagtahay in la qeexo qaabka hadalka ee sababay waxyeelo u geysatay dhowr gobol oo ka mid ah habdhiska dareenka, sida mareenka sare ama hoose ee nuuroonada.
Ciladeynta Dysarthria
Dysarthria iyo qaabkoodu aad u daran, anarthria, ayaa lagu ogaadey xirfadle caafimaad. Kooxda caafimaadkaaga ayaa si taxadar leh u dhegeysanaya hadalkaaga iyo taariikhdaada caafimaad, waana inaad ka rajo-qaadataa baaritaanka jirka oo dhan.
Hal ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah baaritaanada baaritaanka ee soo socda ayaa laga yaabaa in loo baahdo in la sameeyo si loo go'aamiyo sababta keentay cudurka dysarthria:
- MRI
- CT scan
- Barashada maskaxda iyo dareenka
- Imtixaanka dhiigga
- Imtixaanka kaadida
- Dhibbo dhejis ah
- Baxsiga maskaxda
Daaweynta Dysarthria
Khabiir ku takhasusay luqadda hadalka ayaa tilmaamaya habka ugu wanaagsan ee daaweynta ka dib qiimeyntaada caafimaad. Farsamooyin kala duwan ayaa loo isticmaali karaa inta lagu jiro daaweynta.
Haddii muruqyadaadu daciif yihiin ama ay adag yihiin, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato jimicsiyo ku habboon dhibaatadaada gaarka ah. Caadi ahaan, daaweynta waxaa ka mid ah in lagu daro farsamooyinka nasashada, leyliska iyo mandheerta, oo ay ku jiraan isometrics, iyo kicinta dhawaaqa.
Farqiga u dhaxeeya Aphasia iyo Dysarthria
Anarthria iyo dysarthria ma keenaan dhibaatooyin ku saabsan fahamka luqadda ama dhibaatooyinka fikirka ama helitaanka erayada saxda ah. Aphasia , oo ka soo horjeeda, waa dhibaato xagga hadalka ah oo ay keento dhibaatada soo saarta iyo / ama fahamidda hadalka sababo la xiriira dhibaatooyinka hal ama dhowr meelood oo maskaxda ah oo mas'uul ka ah luqadda.
Dadka haysta anarthria waxay awood u leeyihiin inay fahmaan ereyada, laakiin ma awoodaan inay soo saaraan hadalkii macquulka ah. Dysarthria, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'dysarthosis', waa xanuunka hadalka hadalka ee qayb ahaan saameynaya murqaha loo isticmaalo wax soo saarka hadalka. Anarthria waxaa ugu wacan guuldarada weyn ee murqaha muruqyada hadalka. Muruqyada ku lug leh hadalka waxaa ka mid ah murqaha lafaha, afka, afka, lafaha, iyo diaphragm.
Ereyga
La noolaanshaha dysarthria waxay noqon kartaa mid wareersan, sababtoo ah waxay adkeyneysaa in la isgaadhsiiyo, sidoo kale waxay noqon kartaa wax laga xishoodo.
Dysarthria qayb ahaan ama si dhammaystiran u hagaajin kara, iyada oo ku xidhan sababta. Haddii dheef-shiid kiimikaadkaaga aan la fileynin inuu kor u kaco, naftiisa iyo jimicsiga ayaa gacan ka geysanaya sidii loo hagaajin lahaa kartidaada si aad ugu hadasho ugana wargaliso si cad.
> Akhrinta dheeraad ah:
> Qalitaanka Cerebellar ee Multiple Sclerosis, Wilkins A, Front Neurol. 2017 Jun 28; 8: 312. doi: 10.3389 / fneur.2017.00312. eCollection 2017.