Biomerials ayaa qayb muhiim ah ka noqota habab badan oo lagu daweeyo iyo baaritaano, iyo cilmi-baaris kuyaalkan si dhaqso ah ayey u korayaan. Qaar ka mid ah meelaha ugu xiisaha badan waa orthopedics , ophthalmology , daaweynta kansarka iyo daryeelka ilkaha.
Qalabka kiimikada waa maaddo loo qaabeeyey si loo qaato foom loo isticmaalo in lagu maamulo habka daaweynta ama habka ogaanshaha .
Inkastoo in badan oo ka mid ah daraasaadka ku saabsan biomerialska lagu sameeyo moodooyinka xayawaanka ah ama kuwa -vitro xilligan, saynisyahannada ayaa saadaaliyay in natiijooyinka dhowaan loo adeegsan doono tijaabooyinka aadanaha.
Ophthalmology iyo BioMaterials
Xuubka amniotic (AM) ayaa loo isticmaalay qalitaanka dib u samaynta ee isha sanado badan. Dhawaan, farsamooyin cusub ayaa la soo jeediyay si loogu badalo isweydaarsiga. Qaliinkan qaaska ah waxaa badanaa la sameeyaa marka uu jiro dhaawac joogta ah oo isha ku haya isha ay keento cudur ama gubasho kiimiko.
AM waxaa laga helaa lakabka ugu hooseeya ee mandheerta iyo wuxuu leeyahay hanti-barar iyo anti-scarring, taas oo ka dhigaysa beddel wanaagsan oo xajinta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, unug AM ah ayaa dabiici ah oo daruuro leh, taas oo saameyn karta aragtida qofka. Cilmi-baadhayaashu hadda waxay baarayaan siyaabo lagu xalliyo oo loo eego AM iyagoo abuuraya laminate unug. Waxay aaminsan yihiin in natiijooyinkoodu ay ka caawin doonaan hormarinta AM sida siyaabaha si fiican ugu dabaqi karaan waxyaabaha ku jira qalitaanka dib u dhisida ee isha aadanaha.
Biomerial loogu talagalay Baaritaanka Kansarka iyo Daaweynta Kobcin
Waxaa sidoo kale jira horumar aad u badan iyada oo la isticmaalayo nafaqooyinka kala duwan ee daaweynta kansarka. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah isticmaalka qalabka asaasiga ah si loo ogaado ogaanshaha iyo ogaanshaha kansarka kala duwan, iyo sidoo kale iyaga oo isticmaalaya daawooyinka kansarka looga hortago kansarka si wax ku ool ah.
Daawooyinka daaweynaya bukaanka ayaa si toos ah loogu aqoonsan yahay sida habboon ee daaweynta kansarka. Waxay awood u leeyihiin in ay u keenaan dharbaaxo waaweyn oo ku dhaca unugyada kansarka waxayna keenaan waxyeelo yar.
Ujeedada daaweynta kansarka degaanka ah, cilmi baarayaal ka socda Jaamacadda Adelaide, Australia, ayaa naqshadeynaya oo dejiyay mashiinnada 3D-ku-dhalashada ee titanium-ka oo leh titania nanotube arraysyo lagu dari karo daawada kansarka waxayna u adeegtaa sida qalabka daroogada. Daraasaddooda waxay muujisay in marka daaweynta kansarka la keeno implant cusub, unugyada kansarka naasuhu ay yaraadeen inay ku noolaadaan. Intii ay socotay baadhitaankoodii, saddex maalmood ka dib galinta maqaar-galaha, unugyada tuming waxay bilaabeen inay is-dejiyaan. Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay sidoo kale xooga saarayaan in habkan cusub ee kiimikada ah loo habeyn karo noocyada kale ee kansarrada mustaqbalka.
Bixinta daroogada ee goobta saxda ah ee lesion waa hab lagu maareynayo meelaha kale ee daawada. Tusaale ahaan, infekshannada bakteeriyada u adkaysata, taas oo noqotay dhibaato sii kordheysa sababtoo ah daawada antibiyootikada, waxay noqon kartaa mid la daaweyn karo iyadoo la isticmaalayo horumarinta ugu dambaysa ee biomerial. Gaadiidka silica ee miyiriga ah ee soodhexaad leh ayaa horay loogu isticmaalay qaabab jiir ah si loogu gudbiyo antibiyootigyada meelaha infakshanka u adkaysta.
Cilmi-baarista xayawaanka, nanoplatforms ayaa lagu muujiyey in ay tahay mid wax ku ool ah marka la dilayo bakteeriyada, isla mar ahaantaana ayadoo la adeegsanayo wakiilada lacagta iyo antibiyootigaba.
Isku-darka Naaquska Caanaha
Dr. Tanya Levingstone oo ka socota Kuliyada Boqortooyada ee Qaliinka ee Ireland (RCSI) ayaa sahamisay meel kale oo xiiso leh oo cilmi baaris ah. Levingstone waa qayb ka mid ah Kooxda Cilmi-baarista ee Lafaha iyo Nudaha. Kooxdani waxay samaysay horumar aad u ballaaran oo loogu talagalay samaynta qalab caawiya dib-u-dhiska qaybaha waxyeelada leh. Kooxda cilmi-baarista waxay ku biirtay xoogga xarun cilmi-baadhis AMBER ( Materials Materials Advanced iyo BioEngineering Research) oo ay soo saareen 3D iskudhaf dhejiyaal badan oo ka kooban kollogaraam, hydroxyapatite iyo hyaluronic acid.
Dhammaan walxahan waxay ku jiraan wadajir caafimaad qaba waxayna leeyihiin karti ay si firfircoon ugu diraan unugyada jirka si loo hagaajiyo kala-goysyada waxyeelada leh.
Daraasaddoodi ugu dambaysay, cilmi-baarayaasha Irish ayaa tijaabiyay dhismaha 15-bilood jirka ah oo si qaldan u socda. Farasku waxa uu ka cabanayay xanuun ka yimaadda labada jilib ee jilibka iyada oo loo yaqaanno osteochondritis dissecans. Xaaladaha qaarkood ee xaaladdan waxay noqon karaan kuwo aad u daran xayawaanka kuwaas oo u baahan in ladilaado. Ka dib markii la mariyo nidaam arthroscopic oo caadi ah oo ka soo jeeda jajabkii jilicsanaa, iskudhafyada kala duwan ayaa lagu geliyey qaybaha fardaha. Natiijo ahaan, lafo cusub iyo kilyuun cusub ayaa la sameeyey, sida ku cad baaritaan shan bilood ka dib nidaamka bilowga. Farshaxan yaryar oo leh rajo horay looqaaday ayaa hadda dib ugu soo laabtay tababarka loogu talagalay dhacdooyinka boodada.
Qalabkan ayaa la shaaciyey waxaana loo yaqaanaa ChondroColl. Waa sheyga labaad ee kooxda ee beerta lafta dib u soo kabashada. Markii hore, waxay maareyn jireen oo tijaabiyeen lafo-cusbooneysiin lafo loo yaqaan "HydoxyCall", oo horey loo ansixiyey, waxaana la keenay shirkadda RCSI ee loo yaqaan 'SugarColl Technologies'. ChondroColl waxay hadda sugeysaa ansixinta sharciyeynta, iyo daraasadaha ugu horreeya ee bini-aadamka qaba cilladaha osteochondral ayaa la filayaa in ay bilaabaan mustaqbalka dhow.
Xakamaynta ilkaha
Cilmi-baareyaasha ka soo jeeda Jaamacadda Pennsylvania waxay eegayaan siyaabo wanaagsan oo looga saari karo lakabka ilkaha ee mararka qaarkood keeni kara bilawga ilkaha ilkaha. Waxay ku naqshadeeyeen nanoparticles calyaaliga ah oo leh fal-fal sida peroxide-sida oo dhib u keeni kara matrixka difaaca ee ku wareegsan bakteeriyada laga helo afkaaga. Istaraatijiyadan cusub ayaa ilaa iminka lagu tijaabiyay moodooyinka jiirka, taas oo muujisay hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimid ilkaha. Kooxda waxay rajeynayaan in ay si dhakhso ah u adeegsadaan aqoontan si ay ula tacaalaan cudurka afka. Waxay soo jeedinayaan in ay ku jiraan nanoparticles kaniiniga ah oo leh peroxide daawada cadayga ganacsiga iyo alaabada afka lagu mariyo sida istaraatiijiyad cusub oo liddi ku ah dagaalka lagaga hortago ilkaha ilkaha.
Ilaha:
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