Waa maxay sababta indho-dhalaal oo iftiimiya oo aad u iftiimaya sunta waxyeelada
Elton John ayaa laga yaabaa inay muujiso "indhaha buluuga oo qoslaya qorraxda", laakiin dadka indhahana caddaalad ah waa in ay si fiican u fahmaan khatarta indhaha ee soo ifbaxaysa iftiinka iftiinka ultraviolet, sida laga soo xigtay Agaasimaha Aqoonsiga Maraykanka ee Ophthalmology (AAO). Sanadkii 2014-ka oo ah hay'adda AAO, ayaa dhowr qof oo qaba indho buluug, cagaaran ama niyad jab ah waxay u muuqdeen inay og yihiin in midabkooda iftiinkiisu uu halis weyn ugu jiro mustaqbalka cataracts iyo dhibaatooyinka kale ee daran ee indhaha.
Cataracts iyo Aging Eye
Dhibaatada dhinaca dabiiciga ah ee gabowga, cataract waa caleemaha horusocodka muraayadda indhaha. Iyadoo ay jiraan waxyaabo badan sida sigaarka iyo isticmaalka steroid-ka ayaa door ka ciyaari kara horumarka cataractka, waxay ku xiran yihiin sanado badan oo qorraxda isku dhafan. In kabadan nus ka mid ah dadka Maraykanku waxay u kori doonaan catsaktada marka ay gaaraan da'da 80, halis gelinayaan araggooda, madaxbannaanida iyo caafimaadka guud.
Haddii aan la daaweynin, catsaktitku wuxuu keeni karaa aragti buuxda oo lumis ah; waxay yihiin hogaaminta indha la'aanta adduunka oo dhan.
Nuur iyo Muuqashooyin Madow
Dadka qaba indhaha oo dhan indhahoodu waxay leeyihiin cataract, laakiin cilmi baaris ayaa lagu ogaaday in dadka waaweyn ee indhaha cagaarka leh ay u nugul yihiin dhammaan noocyada dhaawaca UV, oo ay ku jiraan caadka, xuubka ama maskaxda , iyo da'da isku-buuqa macmalka (ARMD).
Qiyaastii kala bar dadka waqooyiga Ameerika waxay leeyihiin indho cad oo midab leh.
Tusaale ahaan, dib u eegis sannadkii 2006 oo lagu daabacay Archives of Ophthalmology ayaa baadhay 132 daraasadood waxaana lagu soo gabagabeeyay in dadka qaba indhaha iftiinka indhaha ay leeyihiin 75% fursado badan oo lagu horumarin karo melanoma ocular, nooca ugu badan ee kansarka indhaha iyo meesha ugu badan ee melanoma ka baxsan maqaarka .
Sida maqaarka maqaarka ee mugdiga ah waxaa ku jira pigments kuwaas oo ka soo baxa iftiinka ultraviolet, irises mugdi ah - qaybta midabka ee midabka - waxaa la rumeysan yahay in looga hortago in ka badan raajada UV oo ku dhuftey ama dhaawiciaya dhismayaasha hoose ee indhaha sida muraayada , retina iyo makula .
Cilmi-baarista Is-bahaysiga
Waxaa la yaab leh, laba daraasadood oo Australiyaan ah oo lagu daabacay 2000 iyo 2002 qoraaga 'Ophthalmology' waxaa lagu arkay inay ka soo horjeedaan: dadka waaweyn ee mugdiga ah waxay ahaayeen 80% oo ay u badan tahay in ay kobcin ku sameeyaan baaritaanka shan sano jirka ah, marka la barbar dhigo dhiggooda buluuga ah.
Labada waraaqood waxay ku lug lahaayeen dadka isku midka ah ee qaangaarka ah, oo qayb ka ah Study Mountain View. In ka badan 3,600 rag iyo dumar da'doodu u dhaxayso 49 ilaa iyo 97 ayaa ka qaybqaatay cilmi baaritaan dheer.
Faahfaahin dheeraad ah ka sii aqri: Siddee saynisyahannadu u helayaan oo ay ula socdaan dadkaas
Sababta udhexeysa natiijooyinka cilmi baarista? Muxuu mawduucyada mugdiga ah ee mawduucyada mugdiga ah u xanuunsanaya dhaawaca UV ee qaabka cataracts ee daraasaddan? Si aad uga jawaabto su'aashan, waxaan la tashaday Stephanie Marioneaux, takhtar ku takhasusay cilmi-baaris iyo khabiir aqooneed.
"Daraasadaha Australia waxay ahaayeen kuwo si fiican loo qaabeeyey oo si fiican loo qabtay," ayay tiri. "Laakiin xogta ku saabsan indhaha mugdiga ah waxay noo sheegi kartaa oo kaliya in dadkani gaar u yihiin, lagama maarmi karo meelaha kale ee juqraafi ah Australia waa jasiirad leh dad isku dhafan, oo laga yaabo inay jiraan waxyaabo halis ah ama xitaa nafaqada ah - sababtoo ah waxaan ognahay nafaqadu inay saameyn karto caafimaadka indhaha - taas oo aan ka soo bixin daraasaddan. "
Sidee loo Ilaalinaa Indhahaaga
Haddii indhahaagu iftiin yihiin ama mugdi, xiran muraayadaha indhawareerka kaas oo si buuxda u xannibaya raajada ultraviolet weli waa habka ugu fudud ee looga hortagi karo qorraxda. Fiiri "100% UV Protection" (ama 99%) ee ku yaala calaamadda si aad u hubiso in muraayadu ay xannibayaan raajooyinka UVA iyo UVB labadaba.
Qaab kale ayaa loo yaqaan 'UV400', taas oo macnaheedu yahay in muraayadu ay ku faafaan xawaaradaha UV ilaa 400 nanometer.
Xaqiiji inaad doorato qaab weyn - oo habboon in la isku qurxiyo qaabab kala duwan oo leh gacmooyin ballaadhan - sababtoo ah raajooyin UV ayaa lagu muujiyay in lagu dhajiyo meel ka baxsan, gudaha iyo hareeraha muraayadaha muraayadaha sida ku xusan Marionaux. Indhuhu waa sii xajisan yihiin adigoo xiranaya koofiyad ballaaran ama hareeraha.
Ugu dambeyn, ha seexin at qorrax dhaca, iyada oo aan loo eegin sida qurux badan, waxay kula talisaa Marioneaux.
"Laga yaabee inaysan u muuqan dhalaal, laakiin taasi waa qiyaas aad u qorraxda cad," ayay tidhi. "Iyadoo aan loo eegin midabkaaga indhaha, ha ku kalsoonaan dareenkaaga sida qorraxdu tahay inuu kuu sheego in aad xirtid muraayadahaaga.
Xasuusnow, ma sheegi kartid adigoo eegaya muraayadaha haddii ay bixiyaan caymis ballaaran. Hubi inaad raadisid qalabkaan ku qoran warqadda markaad iibsato. "
Khadka hoose
Muraayadaha dabiiciga ah waa hab fudud oo wax ku ool ah si looga hortago dhibaatada qorraxda mustaqbalka, haddii indhahaagu yihiin buluug, bunal, ama wax u dhaxeeya.
Ilaha:
Natiijooyinka Daraasada Daawaynta Eye Daawo ee Da'da La Xiriira. Machadka Qaran ee Caafimaadka Machadka Warbixinta Machadka ee Machadka Eye Machadka.
http://www.nei.nih.gov/amd/background.asp.
Cataract oo ku jira Manhajka Heerka Indhaha ee 'Adult Eye Benchmark' - 2013. Akadamiyadda Mareykanka ee Ophthalmology Guidelines Guidelines.
http://one.aao.org/summary-benchmark-detail/cataract-in-adult-eye-summary-benchmark--october-2.
Cumming, RG, Mitchell P iyo Lim R. "Iris Color iyo Cataract: Buurtada Blue Mountains Study Study." Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 Aug; 130 (2): 237-8.
Ezekiel Weis, Chirag P. Shah, Martin Lajous, Jerry A. Shields, iyo Carol L. Shields. "Ururka Iskuxidhka Calaamadaha Maareynta Maareynta iyo Uveal Melanoma: Falanqaynta Meta." Arch Ophthalmol . 2006; 124 (1): 54-60.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/417449
Xaqiiqooyinka Ku saabsan Kaadigga Caadka. Machadka Qaran ee Caafimaadka Machadka Machadka Eye Machadka Machadka Eye Machadka Machadka Eye Machadka Qaran ee Macluumaadka Dadweynaha
https://www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts.asp.
Andrea Schmidt-Pokrzywniak, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Norbert Bornfeld, Wolfgang Sauerwein, Andreas Stang. "Isdhexid wanaagsan oo u dhaxeeya iftiinka Iris Color iyo Ultraviolet Radiation ee la Xiriirta Khatarta Uveal Melanoma: Daraasad Xakameyn Xaaladeed." Ophthalmology Febraayo 2009. Vol. 116, Issue 2, Pages 340-348.
Stephanie Marioneaux, takhasuska loo yaqaan 'Ophthalmologist' iyo 'Specialist Cornea'. Wareysi ay qabatay telefoon Maajo 28, 2104.
Younan C, Mitchell P, Cumming RG, Rochtchina E, Wang JJ. "Iris Color iyo Cataract Cataract iyo Qalitaanka Cataract: Buurtada Blue Mountains Study Study." Am J Ophthalmol. 2002 Aug 134 (2): 273-4.