Looga baahan yahay Liisanka Farmashiyaha ee Maraykanka
PharmD waa sheyga loo yaqaan "Doctor of Pharmacy". Waa shahaadada dhakhtarnimada ee laga helay dugsiga farmashiinta ee farmashiyayaasha mustaqbalka, oo la mid ah MD ee dhakhtarka. Dhakhtarka shahaadada farmashiyaha waxaa laga rabaa Maraykanka si uu uqalmo inuu qaato Imtixaanka Liisanka Liisanka Liisanka ee North American NAPLEX (NAPLEX) oo uu ka diiwaangashan yahay oo shati u leh farmashiistaha.
Wadamada kale waxay ku kala duwan yihiin shuruudaha in ay noqdaan farmashiiste diiwaangashan, oo ay ku jiraan Kanada halkaas oo shahaadada loo baahan yahay bacdamaa farmashiyaha.
Taariikhda Shahaadada PharmD iyo Shuruudaha
Dhakhtarka shahaadada farmashiyaha waa mid cusub iyo shuruudo cusub oo loogu talagalay farmashiyayaasha Maraykanka. Ka hor 2006, farmashiyayaashu waxay noqon karaan ruqsad ka dib markii ay dhammaystireen shahaadada shahaadada bachelor-ka ee shahaadada ee shahaadada ah ee farmashiyaha, BSPharm. Marka lagu gudbo imtixaanka guddiga iyo helida ruqsad si loo isticmaalo farmashiyaha, shakhsiga waa farmashiistaha diiwaangashan ama RPh.
Dugsiga ugu horeeya ee bixiya shahaadada shahaadada farmashiyaha wuxuu ahaa Jaamacadda Southern California sannadkii 1950. Waxaa loo tixgeliyey inuu yahay mid ikhtiyaari ah. Laakiin dhowr dhakhtar oo kale oo ah barnaamijyo farmashiye ayaa laga sameeyay Maraykanka. Waxay uqaabilnaayeen qaansarin kiliinik ah, oo loo arkay inay tahay qiimo. Waxaa haatan loo yaqaan 'Experience Practice Practice'.
Sanadkii 1992, Ururka Maraykanka ee Kiliiniyada Farmashiyeyaasha (AACP) ayaa ubaahan in dhammaan dugsiyada dawooyinka ee ay u aqoonsadeen inay bixiyaan dhakhtar shahaadada farmashiyaha. Bachelor of science ee shahaadada farmashiyaha waxaa gabi ahaanba lagu beddelay dhakhtarka shahaadada farmashiga sida fasalka qalin-jabinta ee 2006.
Farmashiyeyaasha oo ruqsad haysta ka hor 2006 iyada oo aan lahayn dhakhtar shahaadada farmashiyada looma baahna inay qaataan shahaadada sare si ay u dhaqmaan. Hase yeeshee, waxaa jira barnaamijyo u oggolaanaya inay helaan dhakhtarkooda shahaadada farmashiyada. Haddii loo-shaqeeyayaashu u baahan doonaan shahaadada sare, sida ku dhacday kalkaaliyayaal diiwaangashan, waa la arkaa.
Dugsiyada Farmashiyeedka
Dugsiyada Farmashiyuhu waa caadi ahaan barnaamijka qalin-jabinta afar-sano ah oo ardaydu bilaabaan ka dib labo ilaa afar sano oo ka mid ah waxbarashada aasaasiga ah. Hase yeeshee, waxaa jira dhowr dhakhtar oo dhakhso ah oo isku dhafan oo ah barnaamijyo farmashiye.
Gelitaanka dugsiga farmashiyaha waa mid tartan badan. Tusaale ahaan, Jaamacadda Gobolka Oregon waxay leedahay 600 ilaa 800 oo dalab oo loogu talagalay takhtarka barnaamijka farmashiyaha sanad walba, oo kaliya 90 goobood ayaa la heli karaa fasal kasta oo galaya. Ku dhawaad dhammaan dadka la dhigey waxay horey u qaateen shahaadada koowaad ka hor intaanad dhakhtarka kuu soo galin barnaamijka farmashiyaha. Ardayda ku jirta barnaamijka OSU waxay dhamaystireen afar waxbarasho sanadlaha ah ee dhakhtarka barnaamijka farmashiyaha. Si aad u ogaato wax badan, fiiri talooyinka dugsiga farmashiyaha .
Kadib markaad dhamaystirto barnaamijka, farmashiistuhu wuxuu markaas qaadayaa laba baaritaan. Imtixaanka Liisanka Liisanka Faragelinta ee Waqooyiga Amerika (NAPLEX) iyo Imtixaanka Fududida Fududiska ee Multistate (MPJE), kaas oo tijaabiya aqoonta shuruucda federaalka iyo dawlad-goboleedka.
Sharciga shatiyeynta, tiro saacado ah oo ah fasax / degenaansho hoos timaada farmashiistaha liisan leh ayaa looga baahan karaa gobolka.
Qaar ka mid ah farmashiyayaasha ayaa sidoo kale sii wadi doona waxbarashadooda iyagoo haysta degenaansho qalinjabin ama is weheshi.
Waa in sidoo kale la ogaadaa in Ph.D. farmashigu wuxuu ka duwan yahay dhakhtar shahaadada farmashiyaha.