Fluoroquinolones waa antibiyootiko ballaadhan
Haddii aad akhrinayso maqaalkan, waxaa laga yaabaa in laguu qoro ciprofloxacin (Cipro), levofloxacin (Levaquin) ama nooc kale oo ah fluoroquinolone si loo daaweeyo infakshanka bakteeriyada (fekerka cudurka neefsashada ama kaadida). Guud ahaan, daawooyinkan ayaa ammaan ah oo wax ku ool ah oo ka soo horjeeda kala duwanaansho ballaaran oo ah bakteeriyaal bakteeriyaal ah oo ka dhigaya bakteeriyaal aan fiicnayn oo iyaga ka dhigaya doorasho fiican ee daaweynta ama jirka oo dhan.
Muujinta guud ee dhammaan fluoroquinolones-oo ay ku jiraan daawooyinka sida ciprofloxacin iyo levofloxacin-waxay leeyihiin 2 garaam oo kaarboon oo ku xiran atomka fluoride. Daroogooyinkaasi waxay u shaqeeyaan iyagoo beegsanaya 2 enzymes bakteeriyada mas'uulka ka ah tarbiyada, xargaha, iyo xidhitaanka DNA inta lagu jiro farriinta: geedka DNA iyo topoisomerase IV. Sababtoo ah fluoroquinolones hadda ku xidhan tahay 2 enzymes oo kala duwan, way adag tahay in bakteeriyadu isku badasho oo ka fogaato falalka daroogooyinkaas.
Halkan waxaa ku qoran liis bakteeriyo ah in fluoroquinolones ay firfircoon tahay:
- Staphylococci
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (levofloxacin iyo moxifloxacin ayaa ah kuwa ugu wax ku ool ah)
- Staphylococci viridans
- Bacillus anthracis (ciprofloxacin ayaa loo ogolaaday in lagu daaweeyo kudka)
- Chlamydia (levofloxacin iyo moxifloxacin ayaa ah kuwa ugu wax ku ool ah)
- Enterococcus faecalis
- Monocytogenes Listeria
- Nocardia noocyada
- Neisseria meningitides iyo gonorrhoeae
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Noocyada Enterobacteriaceae
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ciprofloxacin waa waxtar badan)
- Noocyada Vibrio.
Si gaar ah, fluoroquinolones waxay firfircooni ka soo horjeedaa aerobar iyo jimicsi qurux badan. Hase yeeshee, anaerobes badanaa waxay u adkeysanayaan daawooyinkan.
Halkan waxaa ku qoran liiska infakshanka bakteeriyada ee fluoroquinolones sida daaweynta ciprofloxacin iyo levofloxacin:
- Pneumonia
- Bronchitis
- Anthrax
- Gastroenteritis (xanuunka caloosha)
- Infekshinka kaadimareenka
- Infakshannada faafa
- Septicaemia
- Cudurka kaadimareenka ee Pelvic
- Caabuqyada lafaha iyo lafaha
- Sinusitis
- Caabuqyada lafaha iyo lafaha
- Infakshannada gudaha ee caloosha
Marka laga soo tago baaxada bakteeriyada ballaadhan, fluoroquinolones waxay kaloo ku ciyaartaa sifooyin kale oo ka dhigaya antibiyootiko weyn. Marka hore, waxaa la qaadaa afka (oo aan ahayn cirbadeynta). Marka labaad, waxay si fiican u faafiyaan qaybaha kala duwan ee jirka. Saddexda, fluoroquinolones waxay leeyihiin nolol kala duwan oo u oggolaanaya in ay maraan hal mar ama laba jeer maalintii. Afar meelood, ciprofloxacin iyo levofloxacin ayaa badanaa la kobciyaa kelyaha iyagoo ka dhigaya kuwo aad u fiican marka la dagaalamayo cudurrada kaadida.
Qeybta ugu badan, fluoroquinolones waa daawo aad u ammaan badan. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxay keeni karaan waxyeelo xun oo ay ka mid yihiin:
- Dhibaatooyinka gasacadaha (calool xanuunka)
- Dareen-celinta xasaasiyadda (finan maqaarka ah)
- Madax xanuun
- Qalalaasaha
- Maqalka
- Xoojinta QT-ga (korontada oo ku xiran wadnaha oo lagu arki karo ECG)
- Dillaaca Tendon
- Angioedema (barar maqaarka)
- Sawir-qaadista
Marka lagu daro dhibaatooyinka kor ku xusan, marar dhif ah, fluoroquinolones waxay sidoo kale keeni kartaa dhaawaca beerka waxayna kordhisaa enzymes beerka. Daawada fluoroquinolone horay u ma aysan dhicin inay sababto dhaawaca beerka (waxay u fakirtaa gatifloxacin iyo trovafloxacin) kadibna dib ayaa looga saaray suuqa.
Maalmahan, fursada ah fluoroquinolone kasta oo keena dhaawaca beerka waa 1 ka mid ah 100,000 oo qof. Sababtoo ah levofloxacin iyo ciprofloxacin ayaa ah antibiyootikada ugu ballaaran ee lagu qaato fluoroquinolone, waana sababta ugu badan ee keenta dhaawaca beerka ee idiosyncratic. Dhaawaca beerka ee noocan ahi wuxuu caadi ahaan dhacaa 1 illaa 4 usbuuc ka dib maamulka fluoroquinolone.
Inkastoo inkastoo iska caabinta fluoroquinolone aan ka badnayn caabbinta daawooyinka antibiyootigyada kale, weli wali waxay dhacdaa gaar ahaan ka mid ah staphylococci (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, iyo Serratia marcescens. Markaa jeermiska bakteeriyadu wuxuu u adkaystaa hal fluoroquinolone markaa way adagtahay.
Haddii adiga ama qof aad jeceshahay laguugu qoro fluoroquinolone-ama wax antibiyootiko ah arrintaas-waa lagama maarmaan inaad buuxiso daaweyntaada. Markaad ka tagto daaweynta dhererka-ka dib markaad "dareento" ka sii fiican - waxaad ka qayb qaadataa xulashada, badbaadinta, iyo faafinta bakteeriyada antibiyootikada u adkaysata taas oo markaa noqoto walwal caafimaad oo aad u ba'an. Xasuuso inaan mar walba la dagaalanno dagaalka ka dhanka ah antibiyootikada, waxaan luminaynaa dagaalo marka ay iska caabinayaan.
Ilaha:
Deck DH, Winston LG. Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim, & Quinolones. In: Katzung BG, Trevor AJ. eds. Farmashiga Aasaasiga ah & Daaweynta, 13e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2015. Helitaanka Maarso 29, 2015.
Guglielmo B. Qalabka anti-Infektive Chemotherapeutic & Antibiyootiko. In: Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ, Rabow MW. eds. Cilmi-baarista Caafimaadka & Daaweynta ee 2015 . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2014. Lasoo gooyey Maarso 29, 2015.
RYAN KJ, RAY C. Wakaaladaha Daawooyinka Daawooyinka Antibacterial, iyo Resistance. In: RYAN KJ, RAY C. eds. Sherris Medical Microbiology, Sixth Edition . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2014. Lasoo gooyey Maarso 29, 2015